Journal
DISEASES OF THE ESOPHAGUS
Volume 25, Issue 4, Pages 305-310Publisher
WILEY-BLACKWELL
DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2009.01030.x
Keywords
achalasia; etiology; pathophysiology
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The current state of research into the etiology of achalasia only allows for speculation. To date, several studies have been performed investigating genetic, immune, and infectious disease mechanisms; however, none of these have been conclusive. Further research into this topic is warranted given the severity of the disease, and it may be possible that all of these mechanisms are involved in the pathophysiology of the disease.
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