Article
Oncology
Seung-Hyuk Shim, Myong Cheol Lim, Dahhay Lee, Young-Joo Won, Hyeong In Ha, Ha Kyun Chang, Hyunsoon Cho
Summary: This nationwide cohort study evaluated cause-specific mortality rates in women with ovarian cancer under the competing risks of death. The results showed higher mortality rates in older patients, and this trend was consistent across all stages and histological types.
JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Serigne N. Lo, Jun Ma, Maurizio Manuguerra, Margarita Moreno-Betancur, Richard A. Scolyer, John F. Thompson
Summary: A novel constrained maximum penalized likelihood method was developed for fitting semi-parametric cause-specific Cox regression models. This approach uses penalty functions to smooth the baseline hazards and estimates all relevant estimands in competing risks models. Asymptotic results are provided for these estimators, allowing for direct inferences.
STATISTICAL METHODS IN MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
K. Ogura, T. Fujiwara, C. D. Morris, P. J. Boland, J. H. Healey
Summary: This study used the Fine-Gray competing risk model to identify independent risk factors for failure of rotating-hinge knee distal femoral arthroplasty, such as the percentage of femoral resection and extent of quadriceps muscle resection. A bone stem ratio > 2.5 reliably predicted aseptic loosening, which assists in surgical planning and managing patient expectations for distal femoral arthroplasty after tumor resection.
BONE & JOINT JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Timothy J. Daskivich, Rebecca Gale, Michael Luu, Aurash Naser-Tavakolian, Abhi Venkataramana, Dmitry Khodyakov, Jennifer T. Anger, Edwin Posadas, Howard Sandler, Brennan Spiegel, Stephen J. Freedland
Summary: This study found that physicians often fail to provide patient-specific, quantitative estimates of life expectancy and cancer mortality in treatment consultations. The trifecta approach is recommended to report these information, which includes quantifying the probability of cancer mortality, with and without treatment, at the patient's life expectancy.
JOURNAL OF UROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Andri Wilberg Orrason, Hans Garmo, Johan Styrke, Paul W. Dickman, Par Stattin
Summary: Net survival, measured in different frameworks, such as relative survival and cause-specific survival, was compared in men with prostate cancer. The study found biases in estimates of survival rates for different age groups and risk categories, emphasizing the importance of evaluating underlying assumptions for each method.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Fengshuo Xu, Jin Yang, Didi Han, Qiao Huang, Chengzhuo Li, Shuai Zheng, Hui Wang, Jun Lyu
Summary: Competing-risks nomograms to predict IBC-specific death (BCSD) and other-cause-specific death (OCSD) were successfully established based on the SEER database. Nine independent predictive factors were identified, and the models showed good performance, providing references for clinicians to develop personalized treatment strategies.
TECHNOLOGY IN CANCER RESEARCH & TREATMENT
(2021)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Trias W. Rakhmawati, Il Do Ha, Hangbin Lee, Youngjo Lee
Summary: Competing risks data arises when an event precludes the observation of other events, often found in clustered clinical studies like multi-center clinical trials. A variable selection procedure for fixed effects in cause-specific competing risks frailty models using penalized h-likelihood is proposed, showing promising results in simulation studies. The method is illustrated using clustered competing-risks cancer data sets.
STATISTICS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Lisa Hysa, Sara Khor, Benjamin W. Starnes, Warren B. Chow, Matthew P. Sweet, Jimmy Nguyen, Sherene Shalhub
Summary: TBAD is associated with high 10-year mortality. Patients with aorta-related and nonaorta-related mortality have different clinical characteristics, and there are variations in causes of death across different age groups.
JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Fengshuo Xu, Xiaojie Feng, Fanfan Zhao, Qiao Huang, Didi Han, Chengzhuo Li, Shuai Zheng, Jun Lyu
Summary: This study utilized the SEER database to establish and validate predictive nomograms for 1-, 3-, and 5-year cause-specific mortality in PGC, demonstrating relatively good performance for clinical decision-making.
Article
Economics
Dongwoo Kim
Summary: This article develops a highly tractable bounds approach for underlying distributions of latent durations in competing risks models for discretely measured durations. The approach exploits the discreteness of the outcome and obtains bounds from a system of nonlinear (in)equalities. The author provides a sequential solution method that requires less computational burden and presents the asymptotic properties of bound estimators and a simple bootstrap procedure.
JOURNAL OF ECONOMETRICS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Katie Adams, Pierre H. Chapuis, Anil Keshava, Matthew J. F. X. Rickard, Peter Stewart, Michael Suen, Charles Chan, Owen F. Dent
Summary: The clinical presentation of large bowel obstruction in patients with colorectal cancer undergoing resection has been suggested as a potential indicator for poor long-term oncological outcomes. However, after adjusting for confounding variables, the association between obstruction and recurrence as well as cancer-specific death was found to be not significant.
COLORECTAL DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Charles Champeaux-Depond, Panayotis Constantinou, Joconde Weller
Summary: The study found that age, comorbidity index, expenditure index, location, grade, redo surgery, and progressing meningioma were identified as independent prognostic factors of meningioma-related death. Younger, low-comorbidity adults with spinal and benign meningioma had greater cause-specific survival after surgery.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2021)
Article
Management
Pallav Routh, Arkajyoti Roy, Jeff Meyer
Summary: The focus of customer churn management is to identify potential churners and implement measures to reduce churn, thereby improving prediction accuracy. The proposed model, which does not rely on a specific functional form, accurately computes risks and identifies relationships between risks and customer behavior.
JOURNAL OF THE OPERATIONAL RESEARCH SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Wenbo Wu, Kevin He, Xu Shi, Douglas E. Schaubel, John D. Kalbfleisch
Summary: This study proposes a discrete time competing risk model for evaluating provider effects. The model takes into account the timing of readmission events and focuses on the readmission rates of primary interest, using a standardized readmission ratio as a quality measure. The study uses efficient algorithms and robust statistical tests for improved evaluation, model fitting, and outlier detection compared to existing methods.
STATISTICAL METHODS IN MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Economics
Koen Degeling, Maarten J. IJzerman, Catharina G. M. Groothuis-Oudshoorn, Mira D. Franken, Miriam Koopman, Mark S. Clements, Hendrik Koffijberg
Summary: This study aimed to provide guidance on modeling approaches for implementing competing events in discrete event simulations based on censored individual patient data (IPD). Two modeling approaches were compared, and their performance was assessed in terms of event incidence difference and time-to-event distribution. The study found that the level of censoring, number of events, and distribution overlap impacted the performance. Differences in cost-effectiveness estimates were also observed with increasing levels of censoring. Modelers should consider data characteristics when selecting modeling approaches and validate the results appropriately.