Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Weibei Sheng, Qichang Wang, Haotian Qin, Siyang Cao, Yihao Wei, Jian Weng, Fei Yu, Hui Zeng
Summary: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease that is exacerbated by population aging, resulting in a significant economic burden. Current therapies are inadequate, but research on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) shows promise in slowing OA progression. PPARs have emerged as potential targets for effective OA treatments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Karol Mierzejewski, Aleksandra Kurzynska, Zuzanna Kunicka, Anna Klepacka, Monika Golubska, Iwona Bogacka
Summary: This study investigated the effect of PPARγ agonists on the expression of inflammatory mediators in the porcine endometrium, showing that they can decrease pro-inflammatory markers and increase anti-inflammatory mediators.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shi-Le Wang, Man-Man Zhang, Han Zhou, Guo-Qiang Su, Yi Ding, Guang-Hui Xu, Xu Wang, Cheng-Fu Li, Wei-Feng Huang, Li-Tao Yi
Summary: This study suggests that inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome regulates gut microbiota and attenuates IBD-like symptoms, providing a basis for the clinical application of NLRP3 as a target for the treatment of IBD.
BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Tao Wang, Junquan Tian, Wenxuan Su, Fan Yang, Jie Yin, Qian Jiang, Yuying Li, Kang Yao, Tiejun Li, Yulong Yin
Summary: This study evaluated the optimal dosage of ornithine a-ketoglutarate (OKG) and explored its preventive effect on DSS-induced colitis in mice. Results showed that 1% OKG supplementation increased body weight, serum growth hormone (GH), insulin (INS), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and certain amino acids, while decreasing urea nitrogen (BUN), NH3L, and Ile. Moreover, 1% OKG supplementation prevented DSS-induced colitis in mice by altering microbial compositions and reducing the secretion of inflammatory cytokines in serum.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lin Peng, Huixia Yang, Yao Ye, Zhi Ma, Christina Kuhn, Martina Rahmeh, Sven Mahner, Antonis Makrigiannakis, Udo Jeschke, Viktoria von Schonfeldt
Summary: PPARs play vital roles in pregnancy, and dysfunctions of PPARs may lead to various related pregnancy diseases such as recurrent miscarriage and preeclampsia. This review discusses the impact of regulating PPARs on trophoblast physiological conditions and explores the underlying mechanisms of PPARs in controlling pregnancy-related processes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Neeracha Sangpreecha, Saoraya Chanmuang, Kyung-Hee Park, Madhuri Sangar, Divya Sharma, Doyoung Song, Yun-Ja Park, Hea-Mi Sung, Kitipong Promyo, Kyung-Sik Ham
Summary: This study compared the effects of fresh and fermented onions on gut health in rats for the first time. The findings have potential implications for the development of healthy food products using onions. Fresh onion is high in FODMAPs, which may be problematic for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Fermentation of onion could help reduce FODMAP issues and increase the availability of beneficial compounds like quercetin. The study demonstrated that high doses of fermented onion improved IBD symptoms, while fresh onion consumption appeared to worsen the condition.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giuliana Muzio, Giuseppina Barrera, Stefania Pizzimenti
Summary: PPARs, belonging to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily, play important roles in regulating lipid and carbohydrate metabolisms, as well as various cell functions and physiological processes. Their ability to modulate antioxidant genes expression and inhibit pro-inflammatory mediators synthesis makes them key regulators in cellular response against oxidative stress.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ming-Luen Hu, Wei-Shiung Lian, Feng-Sheng Wang, Chao-Hui Yang, Wan-Ting Huang, Jing-Wen Yang, I-Ya Chen, Ming-Yu Yang
Summary: Recent studies have shown that dysbiosis is associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Trying to restore microbial diversity via fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) or probiotic intervention fails to achieve clinical benefit in IBD patients. This study performed a probiotic intervention on a simulated IBD murine model and found that the intervention changed microbial composition but did not improve colitis and colitis-associated neoplasms, and even caused dysbiosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Meng Xu, Hui Xue, Gaoxiang Qiao, Mingfu Liao, Li Kong, Qingfeng Zhang, Lezhen Lin, Licong Yang, Guodong Zheng
Summary: This study found that Smilax china L. polyphenols (SCP) have therapeutic effects on inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). SCP can improve the symptoms of IBD by regulating inflammatory factors, inhibiting oxidative stress, reducing intestinal tissue damage, and regulating the ecological imbalance of intestinal microbiota.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Bianca Seminotti, Mateus Grings, Jerry Vockley, Guilhian Leipnitz
Summary: Inherited metabolic disorders (IMDs) are genetic disorders that disrupt specific metabolic pathways, leading to biochemical, clinical, and pathophysiological consequences. Secondary mitochondrial dysfunction, particularly oxidative phosphorylation impairment and elevated reactive oxygen species, has been found to play a crucial role in many of these disorders. Peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), a group of nuclear hormone receptors, regulate various cellular functions and processes, including oxidative stress response, inflammation, lipid metabolism, and mitochondrial bioenergetics. Activation of PPARs has shown to improve oxidative phosphorylation and reduce reactive species levels, making pharmacological treatment with PPAR activators a promising approach for IMDs. This review summarizes preclinical and clinical data on the effects of PPARs in IMDs.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Shi Fang, M. Christine Livergood, Pablo Nakagawa, Jing Wu, Curt D. Sigmund
Summary: This review focuses on the mechanisms by which nuclear receptors mediate transcriptional responses, with a specific emphasis on the role of PPARγ in regulating blood pressure. Genetic and clinical trial data demonstrate the importance of PPARγ in hypertension, and the tissue- and cell-specific molecular mechanisms by which PPARs modulate blood pressure and related phenotypes are detailed. The role of placental PPARs in preeclampsia is also discussed, along with future research directions and implications for novel therapies.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Huifang Ge, Zhuanzhang Cai, Jiale Chai, Jiyun Liu, Boqun Liu, Yiding Yu, Jingbo Liu, Ting Zhang
Summary: Egg white peptides (EWPs) alleviate colitis symptoms and intestinal injury through anti-inflammatory effects, repair of intestinal mucosa, and modulation of gut microbiota.
Article
Plant Sciences
Haoyang Zou, Yiyao Gong, Haiqing Ye, Cuiping Yuan, Tiezhu Li, Jie Zhang, Li Ren
Summary: This study summarizes the physiological importance and clinical significance of PPARs and reviews the experimental evidence that natural products mediate metabolic syndrome via PPARs. The majority of currently described natural compounds are mild PPAR-selective agonists with therapeutic effects that are equivalent to synthetic medicines but less harmful adverse effects. Conclusion: PPAR agonists can be combined with natural products to treat and prevent metabolic syndrome.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jianjun Gao, Zhaoyan Gu
Summary: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), a type of ligand-activated transcription factor, may play an important role in the pathogenesis of kidney disease and could serve as potential therapeutic targets.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Iason Psilopatis, Kleio Vrettou, Florian Nima Fleckenstein, Stamatios Theocharis
Summary: Preeclampsia is a common hypertensive disorder in pregnancy, and PPARs play a significant role in its pathophysiology. Studies have shown contradictory conclusions regarding PPAR expression in preeclamptic placentae, but PPAR gamma agonists have been identified as a novel and potent anti-preeclamptic treatment option.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Enric Sanchez, Marta Sanchez, Carolina Lopez-Cano, Marcelino Bermudez-Lopez, Jose Manuel Valdivielso, Cristina Farras-Salles, Reinald Pamplona, Gerard Torres, Didac Mauricio, Eva Castro, Elvira Fernandez, Albert Lecube
Summary: This study assessed the impact of obesity on the accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and found that AGE levels were associated with abdominal adiposity but not total body fat. Furthermore, elevated AGE levels were related to cardiovascular risk factors.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mariona Jove, Natalia Mota-Martorell, Elia Obis, Joaquim Sol, Meritxell Martin-Gari, Isidre Ferrer, Manuel Portero-Otin, Reinald Pamplona
Summary: The human brain is highly susceptible to oxidative stress due to its characteristics, but neurons have evolved various adaptive mechanisms to combat oxidative stress and preserve their functionality.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mariona Jove, Natalia Mota-Martorell, Elia Obis, Joaquim Sol, Meritxell Martin-Gari, Isidre Ferrer, Manuel Portero-Otin, Reinald Pamplona
Summary: The brain is one of the richest tissues in terms of lipid content and diversity in the human body, making it highly susceptible to oxidative stress. Glycerophospholipids, especially ether lipids, play a crucial role in the composition and functionality of the human brain. This article explores the involvement of ether lipids in the pathogenesis of sporadic Alzheimer's disease (sAD) and discusses their implications in neural cell physiology and antioxidant defense mechanisms.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Berit Maere Skjellerudsveen, Inger Marie Skoie, Ingvild Dalen, Tore Grimstad, Roald Omdal
Summary: This study investigated the effects of biological and small molecule drugs approved for inflammatory bowel disease on fatigue. The meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials showed that these drugs had a consistent, though small, beneficial effect on fatigue, independent of drug type or subtype of inflammatory bowel disease.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Marina Idalia Rojo-Lopez, Marcelino Bermudez-Lopez, Eva Castro, Cristina Farras, Gerard Torres, Reinald Pamplona, Albert Lecube, Jose Manuel Valdivielso, Elvira Fernandez, Josep Julve, Esmeralda Castelblanco, Josep Franch-Nadal, Nuria Alonso, Minerva Granado-Casas, Didac Mauricio
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the Mediterranean diet and subclinical atherosclerotic disease. The results showed that higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with a lower risk of atherosclerotic plaques, and moderate or high adherence to the diet was associated with a lower number of plaques.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Simon Nitter Dankel, Tine-Lise Kalleklev, Siri Lunde Tungland, Marit Hallvardsdotter Stafsnes, Per Bruheim, Thomas Aquinas Aloysius, Carine Lindquist, Jon Skorve, Ottar Kjell Nygard, Lise Madsen, Bodil Bjorndal, Magne Olav Sydnes, Rolf Kristian Berge
Summary: Changes in hepatic mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation and associated tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle activity have implications for lifestyle-related diseases. This study investigates the effects of pharmacologically enhancing hepatic mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation on TCA-cycle related metabolites and identifies potential markers of hepatic mitochondrial activity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
M. Kathryn Brewer, Pascual Torres, Victoria Ayala, Manuel Portero-Otin, Reinald Pamplona, Pol Andres-Benito, Isidro Ferrer, Joan J. Guinovart, Jordi Duran
Summary: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor neuron loss in the spinal cord. Glycogen accumulation in reactive astrocytes has been found to contribute to neurotoxicity and disease progression in ALS. This study demonstrates that glycogen accumulates in the spinal cord and brainstem of ALS mice and is associated with reactive astrocytes. The reduced glycogen synthesis in ALS mice leads to a longer lifespan and lower levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine Cxcl10, suggesting that glycogen accumulation is linked to inflammation and disease progression.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rafael Martin-Masot, Maria Jimenez-Munoz, Marta Herrador-Lopez, Victor Manuel Navas-Lopez, Elia Obis, Mariona Jove, Reinald Pamplona, Teresa Nestares
Summary: Celiac disease is a complex disease caused by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors, and currently there are no effective biomarkers for early diagnosis. The cellular effects of a gluten-free diet, the only treatment available, are not well understood. Metabolomics studies are significant in unraveling the complexities of multifactorial and multisystemic disorders, and can provide insights into disease occurrence and treatment impact.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
F. Purroy, A. Ois, M. Jove, G. Arque, J. Sol, G. Mauri-Capdevila, A. Rodriguez-Campello, R. Pamplona, M. Portero, J. Roquer
Summary: This study performed lipidomic analysis to compare the lipid profiles between stroke recurrence (SR) patients and non-recurrence patients. The analysis identified 7 differentially expressed lipid species, mainly belonging to glycerolipids and plasmalogen, suggesting involvement of bioenergetics pathways and oxidative stress response. PE(P-18:0/18:2) was proposed as a potential biomarker for SR condition.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Farida Dakterzada, Ivan D. Benitez, Adriano Targa, Anna Carnes, Montse Pujol, Mariona Jove, Olga Minguez, Rafi Vaca, Manuel Sanchez-de-la-Torre, Ferran Barbe, Reinald Pamplona, Gerard Pinol-Ripoll
Summary: This study analyzed the CSF lipidome of AD patients and found significant differences in the levels of 11 lipid species between AD patients with and without severe OSA. Five lipids were correlated with OSA severity. The study also identified four lipids that could accurately detect severe OSA and improve the diagnostic ability of the OSA questionnaire.
ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Farida Dakterzada, Mariona Jove, Jose Luis Cantero, Reinald Pamplona, Gerard Pinoll-Ripoll
Summary: This study found that the levels of nonenzymatic protein damage in both plasma and cerebrospinal fluid were not associated with the diagnosis or progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). These findings suggest that oxidative damage in AD is specifically expressed at the cell-tissue level, rather than in extracellular fluids.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ingeborg Kvivik, Tore Grimstad, Kjetil Bardsen, Grete Jonsson, Jan Terje Kvaloy, Roald Omdal
Summary: Fatigue is common in patients with chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. This study aimed to investigate the role of HMGB1 and other biomarkers in influencing fatigue severity in patients with Crohn's disease. The results showed that HMGB1 and other biomarkers significantly contribute to fatigue severity in chronic inflammatory conditions.
MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Farida Dakterzada, Mariona Jove, Raquel Huerto, Anna Carnes, Joaquim Sol, Reinald Pamplona, Gerard Pinol-Ripoll
Summary: Aberrant lipid metabolism is strongly associated with the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, and neutral and ether-linked lipids are involved in the pathological processes of AD and the progression from MCI to AD dementia.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Elia Obis, Joaquim Sol, Pol Andres-Benito, Meritxell Martin-Gari, Natalia Mota-Martorell, Jose Daniel Galo-Licona, Gerard Pinol-Ripoll, Manuel Portero-Otin, Isidro Ferrer, Mariona Jove, Reinald Pamplona
Summary: Non-targeted LC-MS/MS-based lipidomic analysis was conducted to identify lipidome fingerprints in middle-aged individuals with different stages of sporadic Alzheimer's disease (sAD). The results showed that white matter exhibited a more pronounced lipidomic profile change compared to gray matter, with functional categories associated with membrane structural composition, bioenergetics, antioxidant protection, and bioactive lipids. These changes favor disease progression and affect both neurons and glial cells.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Farida Dakterzada, Mariona Jove, Raquel Huerto, Anna Carnes, Joaquim Sol, Reinald Pamplona, Gerard Pinol-Ripoll
Summary: Genetic, metabolic, and clinical evidence shows that lipid dysregulation is associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study investigated the association between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lipidome and the pathological hallmarks of AD, progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to AD, and the rate of cognitive decline in MCI patients. The results suggest that CSF neutral lipids may serve as potential prognostic markers for AD.
