Article
Oncology
Yvonne N. Flores, Geetanjali D. Datta, Liu Yang, Edgar Corona, Divya Devineni, Beth A. Glenn, Roshan Bastani, Folasade P. May
Summary: The study found that in the United States, HCC incidence, proportion of distant stage diagnosis, and survival rate were generally higher among low SES groups. There were differences in the impact of race/ethnicity, sex, and SES on HCC, with lower survival rates seen in Black, API, and low SES males.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Juan Vaz, Patrik Midlov, Malin Sternby Eilard, Berne Eriksson, David Buchebner, Ulf Stromberg
Summary: Contemporary European studies have found associations between socioeconomic status and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) incidence. Lower household income and neighborhood deprivation are associated with higher HCC incidence rates. Men have higher HCC incidence rates than women, and the risk is greater for late-stage HCC.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yamini Natarajan, Aylin Tansel, Parth Patel, Kingsley Emologu, Richa Shukla, Zeeshan Qureshi, Hashem B. El-Serag, Aaron P. Thrift, Fasiha Kanwal
Summary: The risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) are not clear, but cirrhosis and male gender are shown to be significant factors in increasing HCC incidence. Further studies are needed to evaluate additional risk factors in this population and support current recommendations for HCC surveillance in PBC patients with cirrhosis.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ming Ren Toh, Evelyn Yi Ting Wong, Sunny Hei Wong, Alvin Wei Tian Ng, Lit-Hsin Loo, Pierce Kah-Hoe Chow, Joanne Ngeow
Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading global cancer, primarily occurring in genetically susceptible individuals with liver cirrhosis and exposure to risk factors. Temporal and geographical variations exist in HCC, with a shift from viral to nonviral causes and a higher burden in regions with a high sociodemographic index. Hepatitis viruses are the predominant causes of HCC in Asia and Africa, while genetic conditions contributing to HCC risk are less recognized outside North America and Europe. This review evaluates the epidemiology, risk factors, and genetics of HCC, including monogenic diseases, single-nucleotide polymorphisms, gut microbiome, and somatic mutations.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Grace Lai-Hung Wong, Vicki Wing-Ki Hui, Terry Cheuk-Fung Yip, Lilian Yan Liang, Xinrong Zhang, Yee-Kit Tse, Jimmy Che-To Lai, Henry Lik-Yuen Chan, Vincent Wai-Sun Wong
Summary: Universal HBV vaccination markedly reduces the prevalence of chronic HBV infection and may contribute to the decreased incidences of HCC and hepatic events.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Chen-hao Zhang, Yifei Cheng, Shu Zhang, Jia Fan, Qiang Gao
Summary: Liver cancer is a major disease burden in Asia, with hepatocellular carcinoma being the most common type. Hepatitis B and C viruses remain the leading risk factors for HCC, although there has been a slight decline in most Asian countries. However, HCC caused by metabolic factors is increasing rapidly in Asia.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Hyuna Sung, Jacques Ferlay, Rebecca L. Siegel, Mathieu Laversanne, Isabelle Soerjomataram, Ahmedin Jemal, Freddie Bray
Summary: The global cancer burden in 2020 saw an estimated 19.3 million new cancer cases and almost 10.0 million cancer deaths. Female breast cancer surpassed lung cancer as the most commonly diagnosed cancer, while lung cancer remained the leading cause of cancer death. These trends are expected to rise in 2040, with transitioning countries experiencing a larger increase compared to transitioned countries due to demographic changes and risk factors associated with globalization and a growing economy. Efforts to improve cancer prevention measures and provision of cancer care in transitioning countries will be crucial for global cancer control.
CA-A CANCER JOURNAL FOR CLINICIANS
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yewan Park, Danbee Kang, Dong Hyun Sinn, Hyunsoo Kim, Yun Soo Hong, Juhee Cho, Geum-Youn Gwak
Summary: This study aimed to determine the effect of healthier lifestyle modification (LSM) on the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) using large-scale population-based observational data. The results showed that LSM lowered the risk of HCC and mortality in CHB patients, and alcohol abstinence and smoking cessation were particularly encouraged.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Francesca Garuti, Andrea Neri, Francesca Avanzato, Annagiulia Gramenzi, Davide Rampoldi, Paola Rucci, Fabio Farinati, Edoardo G. Giannini, Fabio Piscaglia, Gian Ludovico Rapaccini, Maria Di Marco, Eugenio Caturelli, Marco Zoli, Rodolfo Sacco, Giuseppe Cabibbo, Fabio Marra, Andrea Mega, Filomena Morisco, Antonio Gasbarrini, Gianluca Svegliati-Baroni, Francesco G. Foschi, Gabriele Missale, Alberto Masotto, Gerardo Nardone, Giovanni Raimondo, Francesco Azzaroli, Gianpaolo Vidili, Maurizia R. Brunetto, Franco Trevisani
Summary: In Italy, over the last 15 years, there has been a gradual increase in age of HCC patients, a rise in non-viral cases, and improvements in clinical management. Different treatment methods have shown positive outcomes, leading to an overall increase in survival rates.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marta Fijalkowska, Mateusz Koziej, Boguslaw Antoszewski
Summary: Skin cancer is the most common neoplasm, often localized on the face. The study found that skin cancers in male patients had statistically larger vertical dimensions and surface areas compared to female patients.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Carlotta Palumbo, Angela Pecoraro, Sophie Knipper, Giuseppe Rosiello, Stefano Luzzago, Marina Deuker, Zhe Tian, Shahrokh F. Shariat, Claudio Simeone, Alberto Briganti, Fred Saad, Alfredo Berruti, Alessandro Antonelli, Pierre I. Karakiewicz
Summary: The study examined the contemporary incidence and survival rates of RCC in the USA, revealing that males have double the incidence rates of females and different ethnic groups show varying incidence and survival rates. T1aN0M0 tumors had the highest incidence and survival rates compared to other stages.
EUROPEAN UROLOGY FOCUS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Robert J. Wong, Donghee Kim, Aijaz Ahmed, Ashwani K. Singal
Summary: The study found that patients from rural regions and lower income households had more advanced tumor stage at diagnosis and significantly higher HCC mortality rates.
Article
Oncology
Claire E. E. Thomas, Jennifer J. J. Adibi, Allison L. L. Kuipers, Brenda Diergaarde, Hung N. N. Luu, Aizhen Jin, Woon-Puay Koh, Yu-Tang Gao, Jennifer Adams-Haduch, Renwei Wang, Anna Lokshin, Jaideep Behari, Jian-Min Yuan
Summary: CD137 is associated with increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and may serve as a long-term risk marker for HCC development.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Yao Liu, Lianxin Liu
Summary: The incidence and mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Asia are among the highest in the world. Understanding the epidemiological trends and risk factors of HCC is crucial for implementing measures to reduce the incidence in Asia.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
K. Rajender Reddy, Dale McLerran, Tracey Marsh, Neehar Parikh, Lewis R. Roberts, Myron Schwartz, Mindie H. Nguyen, Alex Befeler, Stephanie Page-Lester, Runlong Tang, Sudhir Srivastava, Jo Ann Rinaudo, Ziding Feng, Jorge A. Marrero
Summary: This is the largest prospective and geographically diverse study of a U.S. cohort of patients with cirrhosis, validating known risk factors for HCC.
Review
Oncology
Matthias Pinter, David J. Pinato, Pierluigi Ramadori, Mathias Heikenwalder
Summary: The past 10 years have brought about a revolution in our understanding of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and liver cancer. It has been discovered that various immune cells have a significant role in initiating and exacerbating nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a newly defined autoaggressive disease. NASH is expected to become a leading cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) despite improved disease management. The effectiveness of immunotherapy in NASH-related HCC may be diminished compared to viral HCC, but further evidence is needed to support clinical translation of these findings.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Frederik Nevens, Michael Trauner, Michael P. Manns
Summary: The discovery of nuclear receptors and transporters has contributed to the development of new drugs for the treatment of cholestatic liver diseases, particularly in the field of second-line therapies for PBC. These new drugs can target cholestasis, fibrogenesis, immune-mediated action, and symptom relief. Obeticholic acid is currently the only approved second-line therapy for PBC, while other drugs in late-stage clinical development include peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor agonists, norursodeoxycholic acid, and NADPH oxidase 1/4 inhibitors.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Oliver Koenigsbruegge, Bernhard Scheiner, Benedikt Simbrunner, Georg Semmler, Peter Quehenberger, Ingrid Pabinger-Fasching, Michael Trauner, Mattias Mandorfer, Ton Lisman, Cihan Ay, Thomas Reiberger
Summary: Patients with advanced chronic liver disease (ACLD) may develop a prothrombotic phenotype that seems to be more pronounced with more severe liver dysfunction. Routine coagulation assays cannot fully capture the imbalance of endogenous pro-and anti-coagulants. This study assessed thrombin generation (TGA) using two commercially available assays in ACLD patients.
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
David J. M. Bauer, Stephan Aberle, Anna Farthofer, David Chromy, Benedikt Simbrunner, Mattias Mandorfer, Ralf Schmidt, Michael Trauner, Robert Strassl, Florian Mayer, Heidemarie Holzmann, Thomas Reiberger
Summary: According to a study conducted at Vienna General Hospital from 2008 to 2018, Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection can lead to severe viral hepatitis and liver failure. Despite an increase in HEV detection rates, the number of diagnosed HEV infections at Vienna General Hospital remained constant. While approximately half of the patients with severe acute HEV infection required hospitalization, admissions to the intensive care unit (ICU) and short-term mortality were low.
WIENER KLINISCHE WOCHENSCHRIFT
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Georg Semmler, Bernhard Scheiner, Lorenz Balcar, Rafael Paternostro, Benedikt Simbrunner, Matthias Pinter, Michael Trauner, Marta Bofill Roig, Elias Laurin Meyer, Benedikt Silvester Hofer, Mattias Mandorfer, David James Pinato, Christian Zauner, Thomas Reiberger, Georg-Christian Funk
Summary: This study confirms the association between hypochloremia and prognosis in patients with cirrhosis, both in clinically stable patients and critically ill cases.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Michael Trauner, Chuhan Chung, Kate Sterling, Xiangyu Liu, Xiaomin Lu, Jun Xu, Clare Tempany-Afdhal, Zachary D. Goodman, Martti Faerkkilae, Atsushi Tanaka, Palak Trivedi, Kris V. Kowdley, Christopher L. Bowlus, Cynthia Levy, Robert P. Myers
Summary: This article presents the background of PSC and the design and implementation of the phase 3 PRIMIS trial, which aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of cilofexor in noncirrhotic patients with large-duct PSC. The primary objective is to assess whether cilofexor reduces the risk of fibrosis progression compared with placebo.
BMC GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Biographical-Item
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Daniel Shouval, Jay H. Hoofnagle, Michael Trauner
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Correction
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Katharina Staufer, Ursula Huber-Schoenauer, Georg Strebinger, Philipp Pimingstorfer, Silke Suesse, Thomas -Matthias Scherzer, Bernhard Paulweber, Peter Ferenci, Thomas Stimpfl, Michel Yegles, Christian Datz, Michael Trauner
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jennifer K. Truong, Jianing Li, Qin Li, Kimberly Pachura, Anuradha Rao, Sanjeev Gumber, Claudia Daniela Fuchs, Andrew P. Feranchak, Saul J. Karpen, Michael Trauner, Paul A. Dawson
Summary: The choleretic properties of norUDCA are not mediated by bile acid transporters but by chloride channels in biliary epithelial cells. The results suggest a potential therapeutic synergy between norUDCA and ASBT inhibitors or bile acid sequestrants for cholestatic liver disease.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Claudia Angela Maria Fulgenzi, Bernhard Scheiner, James Korolewicz, Charalampos-Vlasios Stikas, Alessandra Gennari, Bruno Vincenzi, Mark R. Openshaw, Marianna Silletta, Matthias Pinter, Alessio Cortellini, Lorenza Scotti, Antonio D'Alessio, David J. Pinato
Summary: Direct comparisons across first-line regimens for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma are lacking. This network metanalysis compared first-line systemic treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma and found that ICI + anti-vascular endothelial growth factor combinations, as well as double ICIs, showed the greatest overall survival benefit. However, ICI + kinase inhibitor regimens were associated with greater progression-free survival benefit at the cost of higher toxicity rates.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
David J. Pinato, Xiaoxue Li, Pallavi Mishra-Kalyani, Antonio D'Alessio, Claudia A. M. Fulgenzi, Bernhard Scheiner, Matthias Pinter, Guo Wei, Julie Schneider, Donna R. Rivera, Richard Pazdur, Marc R. Theoret, Sandra Casak, Steven Lemery, Lola Fashoyin-Aje, Alessio Cortellini, Lorraine Pelosof
Summary: This study analyzed the data of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and found that antibiotic exposure is associated with worse outcomes.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ivan Bradic, Laura Liesinger, Katharina B. Kuentzel, Nemanja Vujic, Michael Trauner, Ruth Birner-Gruenberger, Dagmar Kratky
Summary: Lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) is responsible for degrading cholesteryl esters and triacylglycerols at acidic pH. Impaired LAL activity leads to LAL deficiency and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Comprehensive proteomic profiling of mouse livers with systemic or hepatocyte-specific loss of LAL revealed drastic proteome alterations in Lal-/- mice, including dysregulation of metabolism, inflammation, liver fibrosis, and cancer-related proteins. In contrast, hepLal-/- mice showed minor changes in the liver proteome, suggesting that loss of LAL solely in hepatocytes does not phenocopy the metabolic alterations observed in mice lacking LAL globally.
JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Bernhard Scheiner, Daniel Roessler, Samuel Phen, Mir Lim, Katharina Pomej, Tiziana Pressiani, Antonella Cammarota, Thorben W. Fruendt, Johann von Felden, Kornelius Schulze, Vera Himmelsbach, Fabian Finkelmeier, Ansgar Deibel, Alexander R. Siebenhuener, Kateryna Shmanko, Pompilia Radu, Birgit Schwacha-Eipper, Matthias P. Ebert, Andreas Teufel, Angela Djanani, Florian Hucke, Lorenz Balcar, Alexander B. Philipp, Claudia A. M. Fulgenzi, David J. Pinato, David Hsiehchen, Marino Venerito, Friedrich Sinner, Michael Trauner, Antonio D'Alessio, Claudia A. M. Fulgenzi, David J. Pinato, Markus Peck-Radosavljevic, Jean-Francois Dufour, Arndt Weinmann, Andreas E. Kremer, Amit G. Singal, Enrico N. De Toni, Lorenza Rimassa, Matthias Pinter
Summary: This study investigated the efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) rechallenge in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who had previously received ICI-based therapies. The results showed that ICI rechallenge was safe and resulted in a treatment benefit for some patients.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Sarah Poetter-Lang, Alina Messner, Nina Bastati, Kristina I. Ringe, Maxime Ronot, Sudhakar K. Venkatesh, Raphael Ambros, Antonia Kristic, Aida Korajac, Gregor Dovjak, Martin Zalaudek, Jacqueline. C. Hodge, Christoph Schramm, Emina Halilbasic, Michael Trauner, Ahmed Ba-Ssalamah
Summary: T1-MRC was found to be superior to T2-MRCP in diagnosing and locating strictures, as well as predicting prognosis in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Claudia D. Fuchs, Thierry Claudel, Veronika Mlitz, Alessandra Riva, Moritz Menz, Ksenia Brusilovskaya, Felix Haller, Maximilian Baumgartner, Philipp Koenigshofer, Lukas W. Unger, Wilhelm Sjoeland, Hubert Scharnagl, Tatjana Stojakovic, Georg Busslinger, Thomas Reiberger, Hanns-Ulrich Marschall, Michael Trauner
Summary: The GLP-2 analogue teduglutide has hepatoprotective and antifibrotic effects in a mouse model of sclerosing cholangitis. GLP-2 treatment decreases hepatic inflammation and fibrosis, and activates the intestinal FXR-FGF15/19 signaling axis, resulting in reduced expression of Cyp7a1 and increased expression of Cyp2c70 in the liver, contributing to its protective effects.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2023)