Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Patrice Cacoub, Tarik Asselah
Summary: People with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are at high risk of developing liver complications, including end-stage liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, HBV infection can also cause extrahepatic manifestations such as vasculitides, glomerulonephritis, cutaneous manifestations, hematological malignancies, and neurological diseases. These manifestations are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Understanding the underlying inflammation induced by HBV and managing viral replication can improve these extrahepatic manifestations.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Rheumatology
Eleni Papachristodoulou, Loukas Kakoullis, Eleni Tiniakou, Konstantinos Parperis
Summary: The study reviewed different treatment modalities for Cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa (CPAN) and found limited evidence on the management of CPAN patients. Current treatment mainly involves the use of systemic corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents in combination, but further research is needed to evaluate their impact on disease remission, relapses, and mortality.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Louis Wolff, Alice Horisberger, Laura Moi, Maria P. Karampetsou, Denis Comte
Summary: Polyarteritis nodosa is a form of necrotizing vasculitis that primarily affects medium-sized vessels, but can also involve smaller vessels. It has a wide range of clinical manifestations, with common symptoms including shortness of breath, fever, and weight loss. The skin, nervous system, and gastrointestinal tract are frequently affected. While it was historically linked to hepatitis B virus, recent research has found associations with genetic syndromes and neoplasms.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ahmed Fayed, Mohamed Tharwat Hegazy, Lucie Biard, Matheus Vieira, Tarek El Shabony, David Saadoun, Milvia Casato, Marcella Visentini, Gaafar Ragab, Patrice Cacoub
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed patients with HCV-CryoVas treated with DAAs, finding that approximately 12.6% experienced vasculitis relapse after achieving sustained virologic response, predominantly showing skin involvement, renal involvement, and peripheral neuropathy. Relapses were mainly treated with glucocorticoids, with some patients requiring additional treatment modalities.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Dermatology
Athanassios Kolivras, Curtis Thompson
Summary: Macular arteritis (MA) is characterized by a discordance between clinical presentation of hyperpigmented macules and histopathologic findings of lymphocytic arteritis, primarily affecting middle-aged women's legs, sometimes with a more severe variant. Despite similar histologic features, there is no evidence of progression from MA to lymphocytic thrombophilic arteritis in terms of disease course.
CLINICS IN DERMATOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Hong Huang, Yanjun Gong, Li Guo, Zhuoli Zhang
Summary: This case report presents a 22-year-old male patient with polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) who developed insidious occlusion of three main coronary arteries after 7 years of stable PAN. Treatment with a stent implantation and anti-angina medications alleviated the chest pain.
BMC CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Victoria Pasa, Elena Popa, Mihaela Poroch, Adriana Cosmescu, Agnes Iacinta Bacusca, Ana Maria Slanina, Alexandr Ceasovschih, Alexandra Stoica, Antoneta Petroaie, Monica Ungureanu, Andrei Emilian Popa, Raluca Ioana Avram, Cristina Bologa, Vladimir Poroch, Elena Adorata Coman
Summary: This is a complex clinical case of a patient with late diagnosis of polyarteritis nodosa and multiorgan involvement. The patient presented in the emergency room and required surgical decompression. Significant inflammatory syndrome, anemia, nitrogen retention syndrome, and immunological disturbances were observed. Skin biopsy correlated with clinical data supports the diagnosis of PAN.
MEDICINA-LITHUANIA
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kerilyn Godbe, Ashlie Elver, Peter Chow, Chris Williams, Garth Fraga, Penelope Harris, Mohammed Taha, Dhaval Bhavsar, Richard Korentager
Summary: This report describes a case of lower extremity ulcers in a female patient following COVID vaccination. Despite various treatments, the ulcers continued to progress. Rare vascular and subcutaneous calcifications may be related to calciphylaxis. This case highlights the challenges of managing rare diseases and the importance of multidisciplinary cooperation.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
David Saadoun, Mathieu Vautier, Patrice Cacoub
Summary: Systemic vasculitides are a type of multisystem blood vessel disorders classified by vessel size. Prompt identification is crucial due to the potentially serious outcomes associated with these conditions. Ethnic and regional differences in incidence and clinical characteristics should be taken into account.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Chrong-Reen Wang, Hung-Wen Tsai
Summary: Human hepatitis viruses can cause liver inflammation and progress to chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer, as well as complications in other organs. Vascular involvement, such as cutaneous and systemic vasculitis, is a common extrahepatic manifestation, which may be treated with antiviral therapy and corticosteroids. Therapeutic guidelines for HHV-associated vasculitis are still under development, with considerations for plasma exchange and immunosuppressive therapy in severe cases.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Julien Rohmer, Yann Nguyen, Ludovic Trefond, Christian Agard, Jean Sebastien Allain, Alice Berezne, Pierre Charles, Pascal Cohen, Guillaume Gondran, Matthieu Groh, Tessa Huscenot, Carole Lacout, Estibaliz Lazaro, Jonathan London, Francois Maurier, Arsene Mekinian, Rafik Mesbah, Isabelle Nubourgh, Laurent Perard, Xavier Puechal, Gregory Pugnet, Mathieu Puyade, Viviane Queyrel, Arthur Rouxw, Diane Rouzaud, Cecile-Audrey Durel, Loic Guillevin, Benjamin Terrier
Summary: The landscape of PAN has changed in the last decades, with the disappearance of HBV-related PAN and the emergence of secondary PAN. The relapse rate remains high, especially in older patients with gastrointestinal and skin necrosis. The 1-, 5-, and 10-year overall survival rates were 93%, 87%, and 81%, respectively.
JOURNAL OF AUTOIMMUNITY
(2023)
Article
Rheumatology
Alexandre Fagart, Thomas Machet, Guillaume Collet, Thomas Quemeneur, Rim Ben Ticha, Marion Verstraete, Noemie Le Gouellec, Franck Demailly, Clementine Rousselin
Summary: This study aimed to describe the findings of FDG-PET/CT in patients with newly diagnosed PAN. The results showed that FDG-PET/CT seems to be a useful non-invasive imaging technique for diagnosing PAN, particularly in patients with non-specific systemic features. Increased tracer uptake in muscular connective tissue appears to be a common and potentially pathognomonic feature in patients with PAN.
Article
Rheumatology
Jerome Hadjadj, Alice Canzian, Omer Karadag, Anne Contis, Francois Maurier, Sebastien Sanges, Silvia Sartorelli, Laure Denis, Claire de Moreuil, Cecile-Audrey Durel, Stephane Durupt, Marie Jachiet, Diane Rouzaud, Carlo Salvarani, Roberto Padoan, Lorenzo Dagna, Fabrice Bonnet, Christian Agard, Thomas Moulinet, Marion Hermet, Raluca Sterpu, Alexandre Thibault Jacques Maria, Jeremy Keraen, Loic Guillevin, David Jayne, Benjamin Terrier
Summary: This study investigates the effectiveness and safety of biologics, particularly TCZ, in treating relapsing and/or refractory polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) patients. The results suggest that TCZ may be effective in managing PAN, but further research is needed to confirm these findings.
Review
Rheumatology
Shun Nomura, Yasuhiro Shimojima, Yasufumi Kondo, Dai Kishida, Yoshiki Sekijima
Summary: HP is a rare neurological disorder characterized by thickening of the dura mater, commonly leading to symptoms such as headache and cranial neuropathies. This case study presented a patient with HP following a diagnosis of PAN, who showed improvement with corticosteroid and cyclophosphamide treatment. Subsequent maintenance therapy with methotrexate helped maintain remission and reduce prednisolone dosage. Only two cases of HP in PAN patients have been reported in English literature, indicating its rarity as a complication of PAN.
CLINICAL RHEUMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
In Jun Han, Chang Hyeon Jeong, Hyoseon Choi
Summary: This case report presents a patient initially presenting with peripheral neuropathy and myositis without typical organ involvement, but was ultimately diagnosed with polyarteritis nodosa (PAN). The case reminds us to consider the potential for PAN in patients presenting with radicular and focal muscle pain.
Article
Oncology
Philippe Merle, Masatoshi Kudo, Stanimira Krotneva, Kirhan Ozgurdal, Yun Su, Irina Proskorovsky
Summary: This study compared the efficacy and safety of regorafenib and cabozantinib in the second-line treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. The results showed that regorafenib had a favorable overall survival, lower rates of dose reduction and treatment discontinuation due to adverse events, and lower rates of severe diarrhea and fatigue compared to cabozantinib.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Naoshi Nishida, Masatoshi Kudo
Summary: With the development of advanced methods for diagnosis and treatment, the complexity of medical data has increased, leading to the potential for misinterpretation and serious consequences. Artificial intelligence (AI) can help avoid human errors and has shown promising results in diagnosing and managing liver diseases. This paper summarizes recent advances in AI for liver disease and introduces the use of AI in diagnosing liver tumors using B-mode ultrasonography.
Article
Oncology
Andrea Casadei-Gardini, Margherita Rimini, Toshifumi Tada, Goki Suda, Shigeo Shimose, Masatoshi Kudo, Jaekyung Cheon, Fabian Finkelmeier, Ho Yeong Lim, Lorenza Rimassa, Jose Presa, Gianluca Masi, Changhoon Yoo, Sara Lonardi, Francesco Tovoli, Takashi Kumada, Naoya Sakamoto, Hideki Iwamoto, Tomoko Aoki, Hong Jae Chon, Vera Himmelsbach, Tiziana Pressiani, Margarida Montes, Caterina Vivaldi, Caterina Solda, Fabio Piscaglia, Atsushi Hiraoka, Takuya Sho, Takashi Niizeki, Naoshi Nishida, Christoph Steup, Massimo Iavarone, Giovanni Di Costanzo, Fabio Marra, Mario Scartozzi, Emiliano Tamburini, Giuseppe Cabibbo, Francesco Giuseppe Foschi, Marianna Silletta, Masashi Hirooka, Kazuya Kariyama, Joji Tani, Masanori Atsukawa, Koichi Takaguchi, Ei Itobayashi, Shinya Fukunishi, Kunihiko Tsuji, Toru Ishikawa, Kazuto Tajiri, Hironori Ochi, Satoshi Yasuda, Hidenori Toyoda, Chikara Ogawa, Takashi Nishimura, Takeshi Hatanaka, Satoru Kakizaki, Noritomo Shimada, Kazuhito Kawata, Fujimasa Tada, Hideko Ohama, Kazuhiro Nouso, Asahiro Morishita, Akemi Tsutsui, Takuya Nagano, Norio Itokawa, Tomomi Okubo, Taeang Arai, Michitaka Imai, Hisashi Kosaka, Atsushi Naganuma, Yohei Koizumi, Shinichiro Nakamura, Masaki Kaibori, Hiroko Iijima, Yoichi Hiasa, Valentina Burgio, Mara Persano, Angelo Della Corte, Francesca Ratti, Francesco De Cobelli, Luca Aldrighetti, Stefano Cascinu, Alessandro Cucchetti
Summary: This retrospective multi-center study compared the clinical efficacy and safety of lenvatinib and atezolizumab plus bevacizumab as a first-line treatment for unresectable HCC. The results showed that atezolizumab plus bevacizumab did not have a significant survival advantage over lenvatinib overall. However, lenvatinib had a higher overall survival rate in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis/non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, while atezolizumab plus bevacizumab had a higher overall survival rate in patients with viral hepatitis. After adjusting for population, atezolizumab plus bevacizumab provided better safety profile for most adverse events.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Naoya Kato, Masatoshi Kudo, Kaoru Tsuchiya, Atsushi Hagihara, Kazushi Numata, Hiroshi Aikata, Yoshitaka Inaba, Shunsuke Kondo, Kenta Motomura, Naohiro Okano, Masafumi Ikeda, Manabu Morimoto, Shingo Kuroda, Akiko Kimura
Summary: Cabozantinib demonstrated efficacy and manageable safety profile in Japanese patients with advanced HCC. The median PFS was 7.4 months in the prior-sorafenib cohort and 3.6 months in the sorafenib-naive cohort. Disease control rate was 85.0% and 64.3% in the prior-sorafenib and sorafenib-naive cohorts, respectively. The most common adverse events were palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome, diarrhea, hypertension, and decreased appetite. No new safety concerns were identified.
HEPATOLOGY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Dominique Thabut, Masatoshi Kudo
Summary: Portal hypertension and hepatocellular carcinoma commonly coexist and their association affects the prognosis of cirrhosis patients. The interplay between these conditions has therapeutic significance in terms of treating HCC and managing PHT complications. The management recommendations for PHT have been revised, with new screening and prophylaxis indications. PHT may limit locoregional therapies and TIPS placement can be considered for HCC patients. New systemic HCC therapies can impact PHT levels and increase the risk of bleeding. Prevention and adequate treatment of PHT complications are important, particularly in advanced HCC cases. This expert opinion discusses specific aspects of managing both conditions, incorporating recent data in the HCC field.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Mara Persano, Margherita Rimini, Toshifumi Tada, Goki Suda, Shigeo Shimose, Masatoshi Kudo, Jaekyung Cheon, Fabian Finkelmeier, Ho Yeong Lim, Jose Presa Ramos, Gianluca Masi, Changhoon Yoo, Sara Lonardi, Bernardo Stefanini, Takashi Kumada, Naoya Sakamoto, Hideki Iwamoto, Tomoko Aoki, Hong Jae Chon, Vera Himmelsbach, Margarida Montes, Caterina Vivaldi, Caterina Solda, Atsushi Hiraoka, Takuya Sho, Takashi Niizeki, Naoshi Nishida, Christoph Steup, Masashi Hirooka, Kazuya Kariyama, Joji Tani, Masanori Atsukawa, Koichi Takaguchi, Ei Itobayashi, Shinya Fukunishi, Kunihiko Tsuji, Toru Ishikawa, Kazuto Tajiri, Hironori Ochi, Satoshi Yasuda, Hidenori Toyoda, Chikara Ogawa, Takashi Nishimura, Takeshi Hatanaka, Satoru Kakizaki, Noritomo Shimada, Kazuhito Kawata, Fujimasa Tada, Hideko Ohama, Kazuhiro Nouso, Asahiro Morishita, Akemi Tsutsui, Takuya Nagano, Norio Itokawa, Tomomi Okubo, Taeang Arai, Michitaka Imai, Hisashi Kosaka, Atsushi Naganuma, Yohei Koizumi, Shinichiro Nakamura, Masaki Kaibori, Hiroko Iijima, Yoichi Hiasa, Valentina Burgio, Angelo Della Corte, Francesca Ratti, Francesco De Cobelli, Luca Aldrighetti, Mario Scartozzi, Stefano Cascinu, Andrea Casadei-Gardini
Summary: This real-world study investigates the association between the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and clinical outcomes in HCC patients treated with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab. The study shows that high PNI is associated with longer overall survival and progression-free survival.
Review
Oncology
Yasunori Minami, Naoshi Nishida, Masatoshi Kudo
Summary: This article discusses the imaging characteristics and differential diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and other hypervascular liver lesions. Artificial intelligence in medical imaging analysis shows promise as a decision support tool, but further validation is needed.
Review
Oncology
Arndt Vogel, Robin Katie Kelley, Philip Johnson, Philippe Merle, Thomas Yau, Masatoshi Kudo, Tim Meyer, Lorenza Rimassa
Summary: A systematic literature review reveals the importance of liver function assessments in predicting disease prognosis and response to systemic anticancer therapy in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. The study supports liver function as a prognostic marker and highlights the value of stratifying patients based on baseline liver function in clinical trials for aHCC.
Article
Oncology
Masatoshi Kudo, Richard S. S. Finn, Peter R. R. Galle, Andrew X. X. Zhu, Michel Ducreux, Ann-Lii Cheng, Masafumi Ikeda, Kaoru Tsuchiya, Ken-ichi Aoki, Jing Jia, Riccardo Lencioni
Summary: The study demonstrates the efficacy and safety of atezolizumab + bevacizumab treatment in patients with baseline BCLC Stage B hepatocellular carcinoma, consistent with the overall study population.
Article
Oncology
Masatoshi Kudo, Richard S. Finn, Ann-Lii Cheng, Andrew X. Zhu, Michel Ducreux, Peter R. Galle, Naoya Sakamoto, Naoya Kato, Michitaka Nakano, Jing Jia, Arndt Vogel
Summary: This exploratory analysis examined the prognostic impact of baseline albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with atezolizumab + bevacizumab or sorafenib. The study found that atezolizumab + bevacizumab improved overall survival and progression-free survival compared to sorafenib in patients with ALBI score of 1, but not in patients with ALBI score of 2. ALBI grade appeared to be prognostic for outcomes in both treatment groups.
Review
Oncology
Satoru Hagiwara, Naoshi Nishida, Masatoshi Kudo
Summary: Immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is rapidly advancing, with a focus on analyzing the tumor immune environment and developing custom-made treatments. Understanding the immune environment of HCC is vital for selecting appropriate immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and managing their side effects. This summary aims to review the progress of immunotherapy in HCC and its implications for future treatment.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yasuo Otsuka, Yoriaki Komeda, Masayuki Takeda, Takayuki Takahama, Masashi Kono, Mamoru Takenaka, Satoru Hagiwara, Naoshi Nishida, Hiroshi Kashida, Masatoshi Kudo
Summary: A 76-year-old woman presented with lower abdominal pain and nausea. Imaging showed a soft tissue mass extending to the liver surface, diagnosed as epithelioid mesothelioma. After chemotherapy, the patient achieved long-term survival of more than 5 years.
CASE REPORTS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Hiroko Iijima, Masatoshi Kudo, Shoji Kubo, Masayuki Kurosaki, Michiie Sakamoto, Shuichiro Shiina, Ryosuke Tateishi, Nakashima Osamu, Takumi Fukumoto, Yutaka Matsuyama, Takamichi Murakami, Arata Takahashi, Hiroaki Miyata, Norihiro Kokudo
Summary: Data from a nationwide follow-up survey of primary liver cancer in Japan, which compiled information from 20,889 newly registered patients and 42,274 previously registered follow-up patients, showed that patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the 23rd survey were older at the time of clinical diagnosis, had more female patients, had more non-B non-C HCC patients, had smaller tumor diameter, and were more frequently treated with hepatectomy compared to the previous survey. The data obtained from this survey are expected to contribute to advancing clinical research and treatment of primary liver cancer worldwide.
HEPATOLOGY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Ken Kamata, Mamoru Takenaka, Naoshi Nishida, Akane Hara, Yasuo Otsuka, Hidekazu Tanaka, Shunsuke Omoto, Kosuke Minaga, Kentaro Yamao, Yasutaka Chiba, Kazuko Sakai, Kazuto Nishio, Tomohiro Watanabe, Masatoshi Kudo
Summary: This prospective cohort study evaluated the feasibility of using EUS-FNB samples for comprehensive mutational analysis and found a collection rate of 93.6%. Mutations in p53 and Smad4 were found to be associated with disease control in pancreatic cancer patients undergoing initial chemotherapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
