Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Valli De Re, Stefano Realdon, Roberto Vettori, Alice Zaramella, Stefania Maiero, Ombretta Repetto, Vincenzo Canzonieri, Agostino Steffan, Renato Cannizzaro
Summary: In this study, the researchers assessed the accuracy of a novel noninvasive serum DSC test in predicting gastric cancer risk. Two groups of individuals from Italy were enrolled for the study, and the DSC test combined variables such as age, sex, pepsinogen levels, gastrin 17, and anti-Helicobacter pylori IgG concentrations to predict the risk. The test was found to be 74.657% accurate in predicting neoplastic gastric lesions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Shengxiong Zhang, Yang Shen, Hao Liu, Di Zhu, Jiansong Fang, Huafeng Pan, Wei Liu
Summary: This review provides an overview of the inflammatory microenvironment in gastric precancerous lesions (GPL) and its implications for disease progression. Helicobacter pylori is identified as a key mediator for the inflammatory microenvironment and a driver for the progression of GPL to gastric cancer. Immune cells and inflammatory molecules are found to play important regulatory roles in the progression of GPL. Traditional Chinese Medicine and natural antioxidants show potential in treating GPL.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Soon-Kyeong Kwon, Jun Chul Park, Kwang H. Kim, Jaekyung Yoon, Yejin Cho, Buhyun Lee, Jin-Jae Lee, Haengdueng Jeong, Yeseul Oh, Sung-Hee Kim, So Dam Lee, Bo Ram Hwang, Yusook Chung, Jihyun F. Kim, Ki Taek Nam, Yong Chan Lee
Summary: Microbiota from patients with intestinal metaplasia or GC can selectively colonise in the stomach of GF mice, inducing premalignant changes such as loss of parietal cells, increased inflammation, and elevated expression of tumor markers. GF mice are useful for investigating the causality of associations observed in human gastric microbiome studies.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jimmy Bok Yan So, Ritika Kapoor, Feng Zhu, Calvin Koh, Lihan Zhou, Ruiyang Zou, Yew Chung Tang, Patrick C. K. Goo, Sun Young Rha, Hyun Cheol Chung, Joanne Yoong, Celestial T. Yap, Jaideepraj Rao, Chung-King Chia, Stephen Tsao, Asim Shabbir, Jonathan Lee, Kong-Peng Lam, Mikael Hartman, Wei Peng Yong, Heng-Phon Too, Khay-Guan Yeoh
Summary: A serum 12-miRNA biomarker assay was developed and validated for gastric cancer detection, showing high sensitivity and specificity in clinical studies. The assay may be a cost-effective risk assessment tool for gastric cancer screening compared to current practices.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ganchimeg Dondov, Dashmaa Amarbayasgalan, Batbold Batsaikhan, Tegshjargal Badamjav, Batchimeg Batbaatar, Baljinnyam Tuvdenjamts, Nasanjargal Tumurbat, Bayar Davaa, Erkhembulgan Purevdorj, Bayarmaa Nyamaa, Tulgaa Lonjid
Summary: This study evaluated the levels of pepsinogens and gastrin-17 in Mongolian individuals and determined their diagnostic performance for gastric cancer and chronic atrophic gastritis. The study found that combinations of biomarkers with risk factors could improve diagnostic accuracy.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Reiko Yamada, Junya Tsuboi, Yumi Murashima, Takamitsu Tanaka, Kenji Nose, Hayato Nakagawa
Summary: Pancreatic cancer is often diagnosed at late stages, making treatment difficult. Early diagnosis is crucial, but it can be challenging due to nonspecific symptoms. Recent studies suggest that selective screening and biomarkers can improve early detection. This review discusses advancements in imaging, biomarkers, biopsies, surveillance, and machine learning for identifying high-risk individuals. These new methods and techniques have the potential to improve overall survival in pancreatic cancer patients.
Article
Oncology
Jianhua Gu, Shuanghua Xie, Shaoming Wang, Liyan Xue, Jiachen Zhou, Minjuan Li, Zhiyuan Fan, Ru Chen, Daniel R. S. Middleton, Changqing Hao, Jinwu Wang, Bianyun Li, Xinqing Li, Wenqiang Wei
Summary: The study found that the incidence and cancer risk of GCA varied among patients with different histological cardia lesions, increasing monotonically with each step in Correa's cascade. The results suggest a postponed starting age of 50 years for GCA screening, immediate treatment for patients with CHGD, a 3-year surveillance interval for patients with CLGD, and a lengthened surveillance interval of 5 years for patients with AC/CIM.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Matteo Giaccherini, Cosmeri Rizzato, Manuel Gentiluomo, Antonella Lupetti, Lourdes Flores-Luna, Jorge Vivas, Maria Mercedes Bravo, Elena Kasamatsu, Nubia Munoz, Federico Canzian, Ikuko Kato, Daniele Campa
Summary: The study indicates a modest contribution of genetic variability in the TAS2R38 gene to the etiology of gastric cancer, with individuals carrying certain variants having a lower risk while those carrying other variants may have an increased risk.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Xiangyi Zan, Zhaofeng Chen, Qinghong Guo, Yuping Wang, Zhiyi Zhang, Rui Ji, Ya Zheng, Jinhua Zhang, Zhengqi Wu, Min Li, Xiang Wang, Yuwei Ye, Xiaohua Li, Feng An, Chuanggui Xu, Linzhi Lu, Ping Fan, Jun Zhang, Quanlin Guan, Qiang Li, Min Liu, Qian Ren, Xiaobin Hu, Hong Lu, Yuling Wang, Hongling Zhang, Yue Zhao, Xi Gou, Xiaochuang Shu, Jun Wang, Zenan Hu, Rong Liu, Hao Yuan, Jiankang Liu, Liang Qiao, Yongning Zhou
Summary: Based on a study of the general population in China, it was found that TFFs were significantly associated with gastric cancer and premalignant lesions (PMLs). Serum TFFs can improve the screening of high-risk populations for gastric cancer.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Nadia Nocera Zachariah, Amrita Basu, Namrata Gautam, Ganesan Ramamoorthi, Krithika N. Kodumudi, Nagi B. Kumar, Loretta Loftus, Brian J. Czerniecki
Summary: Breast cancer prevention is crucial for reducing the global burden of invasive breast cancer, with surgery and chemoprevention as main risk-reducing modalities. Immune-based cancer prevention shows advantages over drug-based chemoprevention, highlighted by successful dendritic cell vaccines targeting HER2-expressing BC. Strong immune response is necessary for target lesion elimination to prevent immunoediting and potential interception of IBC development through interrupting premalignant lesions.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Georgios Zacharakis, Abdulaziz Almasoud, Omar Arahmane, Jamaan Alzahrani, Sameer Al-Ghamdi
Summary: This study assessed the epidemiology, clinicopathological profiles, and risk factors of gastric cancer (GC) in central Saudi Arabia, identified premalignant gastric lesions (PGL), and examined neoplastic progression. The incidence of GC was low, but screening for PGL and GC in patients with positive high-sensitivity guaiac fecal occult blood test (HSgFOBT+) and negative colonoscopy results could prevent or result in early treatment of GC.
Article
Microbiology
Michael Doulberis, Noah Thierry Pierre, Giulia Manzini, Apostolis Papaefthymiou, Jannis Kountouras, Jolanta Klukowska-Roetzler, Stergios A. Polyzos, Simone Srivastava, Aristomenis K. Exadaktylos, Jurg Knuchel, Thomas Kuntzen, David S. Srivastava
Summary: A study in Switzerland found that Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with premalignant gastric mucosa histologic lesions and components of metabolic syndrome in bariatric patients.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gianluca Businello, Valentina Angerilli, Paola Parente, Stefano Realdon, Edoardo Savarino, Fabio Farinati, Federica Grillo, Alessandro Vanoli, Francesca Galuppini, Silvia Paccagnella, Gianmaria Pennelli, Luca Mastracci, Luca Saragoni, Matteo Fassan
Summary: This review describes the landscape of molecular alterations in gastric pre-invasive lesions and discusses their potential use in diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making processes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Adam Jacoby, William Rifkin, Lee C. Zhao, Rachel Bluebond-Langner
Summary: Gender-affirming surgery is increasingly common, with procedures like mastectomies and vaginoplasties generating discarded tissue. A retrospective study of transgender patients who underwent these surgeries found that 6.4% had atypical lesions discovered incidentally. The authors recommend all specimens be sent for pathological evaluation.
PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wojciech Jelski, Barbara Mroczko
Summary: Gastric cancer is a highly malignant tumor with poor prognosis, and early diagnosis and effective monitoring are crucial for reducing disease burden and mortality. Blood-based biomarker assays have the potential for early-stage detection of gastric cancer. However, the currently used tumor marker assays have limitations in sensitivity and specificity. In recent years, multiple markers have been identified and tested for their clinical relevance in gastric cancer management. This review summarizes the available literature on various blood-based biomarkers and discusses their potential for early diagnosis and accurate prediction of therapeutic approaches.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)