Article
Immunology
Qiongyun Chen, Yanyun Fan, Bangzhou Zhang, Changsheng Yan, Zhangran Chen, Lin Wang, Yiqun Hu, Qingwen Huang, Jingling Su, Jianlin Ren, Hongzhi Xu
Summary: This study examined the association between gut fungal community and capsulized FMT outcomes in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. The results showed that capsulized FMT improved fungal diversity and induced remission in UC patients. Specific fungal species were identified to be associated with the induction of remission. This study provides important insights into the mechanism of FMT treatment for UC.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Craig Haifer, Sudarshan Paramsothy, Thomas J. Borody, Annabel Clancy, Rupert W. Leong, Nadeem O. Kaakoush
Summary: Oral lyophilized fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is effective in treating Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), improving microbial diversity and resulting in durable engraftment up to 6 months post-treatment, with better efficacy observed in primary CDI compared to recurrent cases. Changes in bacterial and fungal communities are associated with therapy outcomes.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Munevver Demir, Sonja Lang, Phillipp Hartmann, Yi Duan, Anna Martin, Yukiko Miyamoto, Marina Bondareva, Xinlian Zhang, Yanhan Wang, Philipp Kasper, Corinna Bang, Christoph Roderburg, Frank Tacke, Hans-Michael Steffen, Tobias Goeser, Andrey Kruglov, Lars Eckmann, Peter Starkel, Derrick E. Fouts, Bernd Schnabl
Summary: The study found that the fecal fungal composition of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with disease severity. Non-obese NAFLD patients have a distinct fungal ratio in their feces compared to other types of patients. Antifungal treatment in a mouse model can reduce liver damage from steatohepatitis.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Qiongyun Chen, Yanyun Fan, Bangzhou Zhang, Changsheng Yan, Qiang Zhang, Yuhao Ke, Zhangran Chen, Lin Wang, Huaxiu Shi, Yiqun Hu, Qingwen Huang, Jingling Su, Chenxi Xie, Xu Zhang, Lixiang Zhou, Jianlin Ren, Hongzhi Xu
Summary: Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) can induce clinical remission in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. In this study, capsulized FMT was successfully administered to UC patients, resulting in clinical remission in 57.1% of patients and clinical response in 76.2%.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Lucas F. Soveral, Gabriela G. Korczaguin, Pedro S. Schmidt, Isabel S. Nunes, Camilo Fernandes, Carlos R. Zarate-Blades
Summary: Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a successful method for treating recurrent Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) infection. It works through direct mechanisms against C. difficile and indirect mechanisms involving the production of secondary bile acids and short chain fatty acids. Furthermore, FMT can modulate the inflammatory response triggered by C. difficile by regulating regulatory T cells, resulting in the normalization of the intestinal mucosal immune system.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrea Piccioni, Federico Rosa, Federica Manca, Giulia Pignataro, Christian Zanza, Gabriele Savioli, Marcello Covino, Veronica Ojetti, Antonio Gasbarrini, Francesco Franceschi, Marcello Candelli
Summary: The composition of the human microbiome plays a crucial role in health, and alterations in the microbiota can lead to Clostridium difficile infection.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Hongliang Tian, Jiaqu Cui, Chen Ye, Jiangman Zhao, Bo Yang, Yue Xu, Shushen Ji, Le Wang, Xiaoqiong Lv, Chunlian Ma, Shailan Zhou, Ning Li, Xinjun Wang, Huanlong Qin, Qiyi Chen
Summary: Approximately 10% of CDI patients exhibit resistance to FMT and the mechanisms behind this are still unknown. This study focused on investigating the microbiome profile in FMT-refractory patients with rCDI. Through rigorous screening and analysis, the study found that non-remission patients had significantly reduced α-diversity indexes and depleted abundance of key butyrate-producing Firmicutes bacteria. On the other hand, patients with a favorable FMT response had a higher abundance of Veillonella prior to treatment.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Pei-Chang Lee, Tien-En Chang, Yen-Po Wang, Kuei-Chuan Lee, Yi-Tsung Lin, Jen-Jie Chiou, Chi-Wei Huang, Ueng-Cheng Yang, Fen-Yau Li, Hui-Chun Huang, Chun-Ying Wu, Yi-Hsiang Huang, Ming-Chih Hou
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of FMT for treating rCDI and its association with microbial changes. The research found that successful FMT was related to treatment outcomes and led to dynamic changes in fecal microbial composition.
JOURNAL OF THE FORMOSAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Ylaine Gerardin, Sonia Timberlake, Jessica R. Allegretti, Mark B. Smith, Zain Kassam
Summary: The transfer of live gut microbes may revolutionize the treatment of various diseases, with fecal microbiota transplantation showing early success in certain infections. The development of microbiome drugs is now being driven by these clinical advances, although challenges remain in terms of safety, consistency, and delivery.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Amy Langdon, Drew J. Schwartz, Christopher Bulow, Xiaoqing Sun, Tiffany Hink, Kimberly A. Reske, Courtney Jones, Carey-Ann D. Burnham, Erik R. Dubberke, Gautam Dantas
Summary: RBX2660 has shown success in preventing recurrent CDI by promoting taxonomic convergence of patient microbiota to donor microbiota, reducing abundance of antibiotic-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and decreasing fecal antibiotic resistance gene carriage. Microbiota-based therapeutics have the potential to reduce resistance gene abundance and resistant organisms in the recipient gut microbiome, ultimately decreasing the risk of infections and transfer of resistance genes or pathogens to others.
Article
Cell Biology
Soo-Hyun Park, Jung-Hwan Lee, Jun-Seob Kim, Tae Jung Kim, Jongbeom Shin, Jae Hyoung Im, Boram Cha, Suhjoon Lee, Kye Sook Kwon, Yong Woon Shin, Sang-Bae Ko, Seong Hye Choi
Summary: Studies have shown that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) can lead to cognitive improvement in patients with dementia and severe Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). FMT resulted in changes in the recipient's gut microbiota composition and the metabolism pathways associated with cognitive function.
Article
Cell Biology
Soo-Hyun Park, Jung-Hwan Lee, Jun-Seob Kim, Tae Jung Kim, Jongbeom Shin, Jae Hyoung Im, Boram Cha, Suhjoon Lee, Kye Sook Kwon, Yong Woon Shin, Sang-Bae Ko, Seong Hye Choi
Summary: This study demonstrates the significant improvement in cognitive function and clinical symptoms of patients with dementia and severe CDI who received fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). The FMT group showed better performance in cognitive function tests and exhibited changes in the composition of their gut microbiota.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Qiaomai Xu, Shumeng Zhang, Jiazheng Quan, Zhengjie Wu, Silan Gu, Yunbo Chen, Beiwen Zheng, Longxian Lv, Lanjuan Li
Summary: Vancomycin is the preferred treatment for CDI but has a high recurrence rate. FMT has emerged as a successful treatment for recurrent CDI. Our study suggests that FMT can better restore gut microbiota and metabolites, promoting the recovery of colonization resistance in mice compared to vancomycin.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Etienne Nzabarushimana, Haixu Tang
Summary: CDI is a GI infection that can be reversed through modulation of the gut microbiota. This study evaluated the diagnostic capabilities of the fecal microbiome on CDI, showing that the species/function composition of the gut microbiome has a robust diagnostic prediction of the disease. The impact of antibiotic therapy on CDI prediction was also assessed, with positive outcomes observed following successful FMT.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Gianluca Ianiro, Stefano Bibbo, Serena Porcari, Carlo Romano Settanni, Federica Giambo, Andreea Roxana Curta, Gianluca Quaranta, Franco Scaldaferri, Luca Masucci, Maurizio Sanguinetti, Antonio Gasbarrini, Giovanni Cammarota
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a risk factor for C. difficile infection (CDI), and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) appears to be highly effective and safe in treating both CDI and improving disease activity of IBD.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Angela-Maria Merli, Sophie Vieujean, Charlotte Massot, Noella Bletard, Florence Quesada Calvo, Dominique Baiwir, Gabriel Mazzucchelli, Laurence Servais, Odile Wera, Cecile Oury, Laurence de Leval, Christine Sempoux, Roberto Manzini, Sena Bluemel, Michael Scharl, Gerhard Rogler, Edwin De Pauw, C. Coimbra Marques, Arnaud Colard, Anne Vijverman, Philippe Delvenne, Edouard Louis, Marie-Alice Meuwis
Summary: The study identified a specific SLC12A2 immunohistochemical staining pattern in precancerous and cancerous colonic UC lesions, which could aid in diagnosing dysplasia and cancer in both UC and non-UC patients.
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cheryl de Valliere, Jesus Cosin-Roger, Katharina Baebler, Anja Schoepflin, Celine Mamie, Michelle Mollet, Cordelia Schuler, Susan Bengs, Silvia Lang, Michael Scharl, Klaus Seuwen, Pedro A. Ruiz, Martin Hausmann, Gerhard Rogler
Summary: This study investigated the expression and signaling of OGR1 in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and found its association with the pathogenesis of IBD. The results showed increased OGR1 expression in IBD patients compared to non-IBD patients, and increased OGR1-dependent signaling in IBD patients. This suggests an active role of OGR1 in IBD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
S. F. Schoch, J. L. Castro-Mejia, L. Krych, B. Leng, W. Kot, M. Kohler, R. Huber, G. Rogler, L. Biedermann, J. C. Walser, D. S. Nielsen, S. Kurth
Summary: This study reveals the interrelationship between sleep habits, gut microbiota, and the maturation of brain and behavior during infancy. The findings suggest that adequate sleep and age-appropriate gut microbiota in infancy may promote health across the lifespan.
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michele Sorgenfrei, Lea M. Hurlimann, Melissa M. Remy, Peter M. Keller, Markus A. Seeger
Summary: This article summarizes various biomolecules used for capturing live bacteria, including immune proteins, antibodies, aptamers, phage proteins, and antimicrobial peptides. The article also discusses the potential use of nanobodies targeting conserved surface-accessible proteins as promising biomolecules for pathogen capture.
TRENDS IN BIOCHEMICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marlene Schwarzfischer, Gerhard Rogler
Summary: Nano- and microparticles are present in human diet, but their impact on human health is not fully understood. This review focuses on the effects of titanium dioxide (TiO2) and plastic particles ingested through food on epithelial integrity, gut homeostasis, and intestinal inflammation, which are currently hot topics of research attracting public attention.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Martin Mueller, Nadine Saegesser, Peter M. Keller, Spyridon Arampatzis, Benedict Steffens, Simone Ehrhard, Alexander B. Leichtle
Summary: UFC parameters can safely rule out significant bacterial growth, but cannot adequately predict positive urine culture growth or mixed culture growth.
Article
Cell Biology
Emilie Gueguen, Yasser Morsy, Michael Scharl, Stefanie D. Kraemer, Michael Zaugg, Martin Hersberger, Gerhard Rogler, Marcin Wawrzyniak
Summary: Lipid emulsions are crucial for total parenteral nutrition. However, high concentrations of certain lipid emulsions can impair the barrier function of endothelial cells, leading to side effects.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Silvio Danese, Marc Ferrante, Brian G. Feagan, Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet, Toshifumi Hibi, William J. Sandborn, Stefan Schreiber, Timothy Ritter, Edward V. Loftus, Gerhard Rogler, Alessandra Oortwijn, Chohee Yun, Franck-Olivier Le Brun, Jason Dinoso, Jeremy Hsieh, Severine Vermeire
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and sustainability of filgotinib in treating moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis (UC) patients using the Mayo Clinic Score (pMCS) and patient-reported subscores. The results showed that treatment with filgotinib improved UC symptoms within 7 days and a higher proportion of patients achieved clinical remission at weeks 10 and 58.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Jochen Klumpp, Matthew Dunne, Martin J. Loessner
Summary: Bacteriophages and their encoded RBPs have great potential as precision antimicrobials for treating bacterial infections and controlling bacterial contaminations. Their distinctive features and binding specificity make them attractive candidates for therapeutics and diagnostics. The future use of synthetic technology and artificial intelligence-driven approaches will revolutionize the application of these tools.
CURRENT OPINION IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael P. Bronnimann, Lea Hirzberger, Peter M. Keller, Monika Gsell-Albert
Summary: This study examined the antibacterial effect and mechanism of action of iodinated X-ray contrast agents and complexed lanthanide MRI contrast solutions on six different microorganisms. Bacteria were exposed to media containing contrasting agents at different concentrations and pH levels for varying durations. The antibacterial effect was further tested using agar disk diffusion analysis and the microdilution inhibition method. Bactericidal effects were observed at low concentrations and low pH, specifically for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Leonie Perren, Moana Busch, Cordelia Schuler, Pedro A. Ruiz, Federica Foti, Nathalie Weibel, Cheryl de Valliere, Yasser Morsy, Klaus Seuwen, Martin Hausmann, Gerhard Rogler
Summary: G-protein-coupled receptors OGR1 and TDAG8 play opposite roles in inflammatory bowel disease, with OGR1 deficiency reducing inflammation severity and TDAG8 deficiency increasing inflammation. These findings suggest the potential importance of OGR1 and TDAG8 as therapeutic targets.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
S. Kurth, S. Schoch, J. Castro-Mejia, L. Krych, B. Leng, W. Kot, M. Kohler, R. Huber, G. Rogler, L. Biedermann, J-C Walser, D. Nielsen
JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
S. Schoch, J. L. Castro-Meija, L. Krych, W. Kot, B. Leng, M. Kohler, R. Huber, G. Rogler, L. Biedermann, J. -C. Walser, D. Nielsen, S. Kurth
Meeting Abstract
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
M. Martinho-Grueber, I. Kapoglou, F. Bravo, R. Sarraj, E. Benz, S. Restellini, L. Biedermann, G. Rogler, S. R. Vavricka, A. Schoepfer, M. Maillard, P. Michetti, F. Brunner, C. Clair, M. P. Barry, R. Von Kaenel, P. Juillerat
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
S. Vavricka, J. Zeitz, M. Madanchi, L. Biedermann, Y. Morsy, M. Scharl, M. Gassmann, T. Lutz, A. Kunz, D. Bron, G. Rogler, T. Greuter
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2022)