Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Laurent Puy, Adrian R. R. Parry-Jones, Else Charlotte Sandset, Dar Dowlatshahi, Wendy Ziai, Charlotte Cordonnier
Summary: Intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) is a serious condition caused by the rupture of a cerebral vessel and the entry of blood into the brain parenchyma. It is a major cause of stroke-related mortality and dependency, with limited treatment options available. This Primer provides a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of ICH, highlighting the importance of prevention and management of haematoma expansion and long-term vascular risk.
NATURE REVIEWS DISEASE PRIMERS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Shahrzad S. Deliran, Matthijs C. Brouwer, Diederik van de Beek
Summary: This study investigated the incidence, clinical course, radiological patterns, and clinical outcome of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) complicating bacterial meningitis. The results showed that ICH is a rare but severe complication in patients with bacterial meningitis, occurring in those with endocarditis, cerebral infarction, and anticoagulant use. ICH complicating bacterial meningitis is associated with high rates of death and morbidity.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Maddalena Toffali, Federico Carbone, Enrico Fainardi, Andrea Morotti, Fabrizio Montecucco, Luca Liberale, Alessandro Padovani
Summary: Intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) has high mortality and poor functional outcome. Recurrence of ICH is a major concern, and ICH patients are at high risk of future ischaemic vascular events. This narrative review provides an overview of diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies for secondary prevention in ICH survivors.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
A. Cochrane, C. Chen, J. Stephen, O. M. Ronning, C. S. Anderson, G. J. Hankey, Al-Shahi R. Salman
Summary: This study aimed to determine the overall effectiveness and safety of antithrombotic drugs in reducing major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) for stroke survivors with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The results showed that long-term therapeutic dose oral anticoagulation may reduce MACE and major occlusive vascular events, while short-term prophylactic dose anticoagulation and long-term antiplatelet therapy did not show significant effects. However, the certainty of the evidence was moderate, and further large-scale randomized controlled trials are needed to address the ongoing dilemmas of antithrombotic treatment after ICH.
COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Andrea Morotti, Gregoire Boulouis, Dar Dowlatshahi, Qi Li, Michel Shamy, Rustam Al-Shahi Salman, Jonathan Rosand, Charlotte Cordonnier, Joshua N. Goldstein, Andreas Charidimou
Summary: Haematoma expansion occurs in a significant portion of patients with acute intracerebral haemorrhage within 24 hours of onset and is associated with negative outcomes. Factors such as baseline haemorrhage volume, antithrombotic treatment, and CT angiography spot signs increase the risk of haematoma expansion. Non-contrast CT features show promise as predictors, but their contribution to current models is still being investigated. Blood pressure lowering and haemostatic treatment can reduce haematoma expansion, but their impact on functional outcomes is inconclusive based on clinical trials. Future trials should focus on early enrolment and selecting participants based on non-contrast CT imaging markers to demonstrate clinical benefits in high-risk individuals or investigate treatment effects in a more diverse population.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ping Lu, Lingyun Cui, Yu Wang, Kaijiang Kang, Hongqiu Gu, Zixiao Li, Liping Liu, Yilong Wang, Xingquan Zhao
Summary: This large-scale cross-sectional study found that short-term mortality was higher in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH) when HbA1c levels were at or below 5.10%, regardless of the presence of diabetes mellitus (DM).
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Leonardo Lorente, Maria M. Martin, Antonia Perez-Cejas, Agustin F. Gonzalez-Rivero, Rafael Sabatel, Luis Ramos-Gomez, Monica Argueso, Jordi Sole-Violan, Juan J. Caceres, Alejandro Jimenez, Victor Garcia-Marin
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum TAC levels and mortality in patients with SIH. The findings showed that non-surviving patients had higher serum TAC levels than surviving patients, and that these levels were associated with mortality.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Marietta Zille, Tracy D. Farr, Richard F. Keep, Christine Roemer, Guohua Xi, Johannes Boltze
Summary: Intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) is a common type of stroke that contributes to mortality and disability globally. Despite progress in surgical interventions and acute ICH management, there is a lack of effective therapies to improve patient outcomes. Recent research has uncovered new pathophysiological mechanisms underlying ICH, but gaps in animal models hinder their application. This review emphasizes the importance of understanding ICH etiology, the role of the haematoma, inflammation, and post-ICH pathology, as well as the involvement of other cell types and organs in successful interventions.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Taoyang Yuan, Tianyou Wang, Jianhua Zhang, Shun Shi, Zhipeng Gu, Yiwen Li, Jianguo Xu
Summary: The study explores a new strategy using natural polyphenols to enhance the neuroprotective effect of minocycline in intracerebral haemorrhage treatment. The results show that the polyphenol-enhanced treatment has a positive therapeutic effect, leading to neurobehavioral recovery.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Guangshuo Li, Shang Wang, Yunyun Xiong, Hongqiu Gu, Yingyu Jiang, Xin Yang, Chunjuan Wang, Chuanying Wang, Zixiao Li, Xingquan Zhao
Summary: This study found that higher levels of blood glucose were associated with higher mortality and proportion of evacuation of intracranial hematoma in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Anesthesiology
Leonardo Lorente, Maria M. Martin, Agustin F. Gonzalez-Rivero, Luis Ramos-Gomez, Jordi Sole-Violan, Juan J. Caceres, Jacobo J. Villacampa-Jimenez, Alejandro Jimenez, Antonia Perez-Cejas
Summary: This study aimed to explore the association between circulating caspase-8 concentrations and mortality in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (SIH). The results indicated that surviving SIH patients had lower serum caspase-8 levels compared to non-survivors, with higher serum caspase-8 levels associated with increased risk of death. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association of serum caspase-8 concentrations with mortality at 30 days. The findings suggest that serum caspase-8 concentrations may be a novel predictor of mortality in SIH patients.
ANAESTHESIA CRITICAL CARE & PAIN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Linxin Li, Michael T. C. Poon, Neshika E. Samarasekera, Luke A. Perry, Tom J. Moullaali, Mark A. Rodrigues, James J. M. Loan, Jacqueline Stephen, Christine Lerpiniere, Maria A. Tuna, Sergei A. Gutnikov, Wilhelm Kuker, Louise E. Silver, Rustam Al-Shahi Salman, Peter M. Rothwell
Summary: This study analyzed the risks of recurrent ICH, ischaemic stroke, and other serious vascular events in patients with spontaneous ICH, showing differences in risks based on ICH location and comorbid atrial fibrillation. These data enable risk stratification of patients in clinical practice and ongoing randomized trials.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
James J. M. Loan, Rustam Al-Shahi Salman, Barry W. McColl, Giles E. Hardingham
Summary: Haemorrhage into the brain parenchyma can result in devastating consequences, such as spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) after head trauma and in the context of vascular dementia. However, randomised controlled trials have not consistently demonstrated the efficacy of haemostatic treatments and surgical approaches in limiting ICH expansion. Therefore, there is a need for treatments that can modulate the pathophysiological responses to ICH and improve patient outcomes.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tiberiu A. Pana, Terence J. Quinn, Jesus A. Perdomo-Lampignano, Weronika A. Szlachetka, Charles Knoery, Mamas A. Mamas, Phyo K. Myint
Summary: The study found that in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage, shock index (SI) exceeding 0.7 at 24, 48, and 72 hours after admission was associated with higher mortality and higher 90-day modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores. Conversely, an SI below 0.5 was associated with a lower risk of pneumonia.
CLINICAL NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSURGERY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Giuseppe Scopelliti, Barbara Casolla, Gregoire Boulouis, Gregory Kuchcinski, Solene Moulin, Didier Leys, Hilde Henon, Charlotte Cordonnier, Marco Pasi
Summary: Neuropsychiatric symptoms were present in more than half of 6-month ICH survivors, with higher prevalence and severity in patients with post-ICH dementia. Apathy and hyperactivity symptoms may be associated with cognitive status and can inform on long-term dementia risk.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Do Yeon Kim, Seok-Gil Han, Han-Gil Jeong, Keon-Joo Lee, Beom Joon Kim, Moon-Ku Han, Kang-Ho Choi, Joon-Tae Kim, Dong-Ick Shin, Jae-Kwan Cha, Dae-Hyun Kim, Dong-Eog Kim, Wi-Sun Ryu, Jong-Moo Park, Kyusik Kang, Jae Guk Kim, Soo Joo Lee, Mi-Sun Oh, Kyung-Ho Yu, Byung-Chul Lee, Hong-Kyun Park, Keun-Sik Hong, Yong-Jin Cho, Jay Chol Choi, Sung Il Sohn, Jeong-Ho Hong, Tai Hwan Park, Kyung Bok Lee, Jee-Hyun Kwon, Wook-Joo Kim, Jun Lee, Ji Sung Lee, Juneyoung Lee, Philip B. Gorelick, Hee-Joon Bae
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of covert brain infarction (CBI) on the risk of stroke recurrence in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). A prospective cohort study was conducted on patients with acute ischemic stroke, and AF patients without a history of stroke or transient ischemic attack were enrolled. The results showed that CBI may increase the risk of stroke recurrence in patients with AF.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hong-Kyun Park, Keon-Joo Lee, Jong-Moo Park, Kyusik Kang, Soo Joo Lee, Jae Guk Kim, Jae-Kwan Cha, Dae-Hyun Kim, Moon-Ku Han, Jihoon Kang, Beom Joon Kim, Tai Hwan Park, Moo-Seok Park, Kyung Bok Lee, Jun Lee, Keun-Sik Hong, Yong-Jin Cho, Byung-Chul Lee, Kyung-Ho Yu, Mi Sun Oh, Joon-Tae Kim, Kang-Ho Choi, Dong-Eog Kim, Wi-Sun Ryu, Jay Chol Choi, Jee-Hyun Kwon, Wook-Joo Kim, Dong-Ick Shin, Sung Il Sohn, Jeong-Ho Hong, Juneyoung Lee, Kyunghoon Lee, Junghan Song, Joon Seol Bae, Hyun Sub Cheong, Stephanie Debette, Hee-Joon Bae
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of 15 Mendelian stroke genes and their relationships with clinical and neuroimaging characteristics. Among 1,033 patients, 131 (12.7%) had clinically relevant genetic variants (CRGVs), most frequently in the RNF213 gene. The majority of patients with CRGVs did not exhibit typical features of the corresponding monogenic disorders.
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
Hyung Seok Guk, Do Yeon Kim, Keun-Sik Hong, Jun Yup Kim, Jihoon Kang, Beom J. Kim, Moon Ku Han, Kang-Ho Choi, Joon-Tae Kim, Man Seok Park, Kyu Sun Yum, Dong-Ick Shin, Dong-Seok Gwak, Dong-Eog Kim, Yong Soo Kim, Kyusik Kang, Jae G. Kim, Soo Joo Lee, Minwoo Lee, Mi-Sun Oh, Kyung-Ho Yu, Byung-Chul Lee, Hong-Kyun Park, Yong-Jin Cho, Chul-Hoo Kang
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
Jonguk Kim, Do Y. Kim, Hee-Joon Bae, Jun Y. Kim, Jihoon Kang, Moon-Ku Han, Cheolkyu Jung, Sung Hyun Baik, Leonard Sunwoo, Jae Hyoung Kim, Beom J. Kim
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
Yong Soo Kim, Beom J. Kim, Joonsang Yoo, Jung Hoon Han, Bum Joon Kim, Chi Kyung Kim, Jae Guk Kim, Joon-Tae Kim, Hyungjong Park, Sung Hyun Baik, Moon K. Han, Hee-Joon Bae
Article
Clinical Neurology
Fouzi Bala, Manon Kappelhof, Johanna M. Ospel, Petra Cimflova, Wu Qiu, Nishita Singh, Kairan Zhu, Beom Joon Kim, Ankur Wadhwa, Mohammed A. Almekhlafi, Bijoy K. Menon, Nerea Arrarte Terreros, Henk Marquering, Charles Majoie, Michael D. Hill, Mayank Goyal
Summary: This study investigated the association between radiological thrombus characteristics and treatment details with distal embolization (DE) in endovascular treatment (EVT). The factors associated with DE were thrombus length, balloon guide catheter use, and number of passes. Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) was found to reduce the risk of DE in patients with hyperdense artery sign.
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
Jonguk Kim, Jun Y. Kim, Jihoon Kang, Beom J. Kim, Moon-Ku Han, Tai H. Park, Ji Sung Lee, Keon-Joo Lee, Joon-Tae Kim, Kangho Choi, Dong-Eog E. Kim, Wi-Sun Ryu
Article
Clinical Neurology
F. Bala, B. J. Kim, M. Najm, J. Thornton, E. Fainardi, P. Michel, K. Alpay, D. Herlihy, M. Goyal, I. Casetta, S. Nannoni, P. Ylikotila, S. Power, V. Saia, A. Hegarty, G. Pracucci, R. Rautio, A. Ademola, A. Demchuk, S. Mangiafico, K. Boyle, M. D. Hill, D. Toni, S. Murphy, B. K. Menon, M. A. Almekhlafi
Summary: This study demonstrated that in the late time window, patients with M2 occlusions treated with endovascular thrombectomy achieved better clinical outcomes, similar reperfusion, and lower symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage rates compared with patients with M1 occlusion.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Joon-Tae Kim, Jihoon Kang, Beom Joon Kim, Jun Yup Kim, Moon-Ku Han, Ki-Hyun Cho, Man-Seok Park, Kang-Ho Choi, Jong-Moo Park, Kyusik Kang, Yong Soo Kim, Soo Joo Lee, Jae Guk Kim, Jae-Kwan Cha, Dae-Hyun Kim, Tai Hwan Park, Sang-Soon Park, Jin Kyo Choi, Kyungbok Lee, Kwang-Yeol Park, Hae-Bong Jeong, Jun Lee, Doo Hyuk Kwon, Yong-Jin Cho, Keun-Sik Hong, Hong-Kyun Park, Byung-Chul Lee, Kyung-Ho Yu, Mi Sun Oh, Minwoo Lee, Dong-Eog Kim, Dong-Seok Gwak, Jay Chol Choi, Joong-Goo Kim, Chul-Hoo Kang, Jee-Hyun Kwon, Wook-Joo Kim, Dong-Ick Shin, Kyu Sun Yum, Sung Il Sohn, Jeong-Ho Hong, Hyungjong Park, Chulho Kim, Sang-Hwa Lee, Juneyoung Lee, Philip B. Gorelick, Bo Norrving, Hee-Joon Bae
Summary: The goal of this study is to determine whether a longer duration of dual antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel-aspirin can reduce the risk of recurrent vascular events in patients with large artery atherosclerotic (LAA) stroke subtype. This is a multicenter, prospective, randomized study comparing the efficacy and safety of a 12-month duration of DAPT versus a 3-month duration of DAPT in LAA stroke subtype patients. The results of this study will help stroke physicians determine the appropriate duration of dual therapy for LAA stroke subtype patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STROKE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jun Young Park, Beom Joon Kim, Jung Gi Kim
Summary: In this study, the mechanical properties of a laser-powder bed fusion processed Fe-15Cr-6Ni-6Mn alloy were investigated. With optimized processing parameters, the alloy achieved comparable tensile strength and elongation to recent additively manufactured 3XX stainless steels. However, at cryogenic temperature, the reduced stacking fault energy in the alloy leads to accelerated martensitic transformation and ductility degradation.
METALS AND MATERIALS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Keun-Sik Hong, Oh Young Bang, Jong -Ho Park, Jin-Man Jung, Sang -Hun Lee, Tae-Jin Song, Hyo Suk Nam, Hee-Kwon Park, Keun-Hwa Jung, Sung Hyuk Heo, Jaseong Koo, Kyung-Ho Yu, Kwang-Yeol Park, Chi Kyung Kim, Hong-Kyun Park, Jiyoon Lee, Juneyoung Lee, Woo-Keun Seo
Summary: In patients with recent ischemic stroke, moderate-intensity rosuvastatin plus ezetimibe therapy was more effective than high-intensity rosuvastatin therapy alone in reducing LDL-C levels. With the combination therapy, more than 70% of patients achieved a reduction in LDL-C of 50% or more, and 80% of patients had an LDL-C level below 70 mg/dL at 90 days.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Na-Young Jeong, Hyesook Park, Sanghoon Oh, Seung Eun Jung, Dong-Hyun Kim, Hyoung-Shik Shin, Hee Chul Han, Jong-Koo Lee, Jun Hee Woo, Byung-Joo Park, Nam-Kyong Choi
Summary: To assess post-vaccination adverse events, the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency established the COVID-19 Vaccine Safety Research Committee, which completed research on 15 adverse events using pseudonymized data. The committee also launched the COVID-19 Vaccine Safety Research Center to continue providing scientific evidence and serve as a model for future epidemics.
OSONG PUBLIC HEALTH AND RESEARCH PERSPECTIVES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kyoung Jin Kim, Ji Eun Song, Ji Hyun Kim, Namki Hong, Sin Gon Kim, Juneyoung Lee, Yumie Rhee
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence and long-term health outcomes of chronic idiopathic hypophosphatemia (CIH) patients in South Korea. The results showed that CIH patients had a higher risk of various complications, including cardiovascular outcomes and chronic kidney disease. The study also found higher risks of mortality and hospitalization among CIH patients compared to the control group.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Correction
Clinical Neurology
Se Hee Kim, Han Som Choi, Chung Mo Koo, Bong -Rim Joo, Byung-Joo Park, Hae Kook Lee, Joon Soo Lee, Heung Dong Kim, Hoon-Chul Kang
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Kyoung-Eun Kwon, Bo Ram Yang, Mi-Sook Kim, Joongyub Lee, Sun-Young Jung
Summary: The effects of serotonin reuptake inhibition induced by antidepressants on ischemic stroke and its pathophysiology remain unclear. This study found that the use of strong and intermediate serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) in older adult patients is associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2023)