Article
Psychiatry
Raphael Hirtz, Lars Libuda, Anke Hinney, Manuel Foecker, Judith Buehlmeier, Paul-Martin Holterhus, Alexandra Kulle, Cordula Kiewert, Johannes Hebebrand, Corinna Grasemann
Summary: The relationship between testosterone levels in adolescent boys during puberty and depression is complex and may be influenced by genetic factors and depression status.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Janani S. Sankar, Elizabeth Hampson
Summary: The study found that AR CAG repeat length was a significant predictor of spatial visualization test scores, but did not affect mental rotation test scores; a shorter AR was associated with lower visualization scores, while T itself predicted scores on mental rotation tests.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Alexandra F. Putka, Hayley S. McLoughlin
Summary: In this issue, two studies provide new insights into the pathogenesis of spino-cerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) by genetically assessing the mechanistic drivers of regional vulnerability and their relationships with SCA1 phenotypes.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jordan L. Schultz, Carsten Saft, Peggy C. Nopoulos
Summary: The study found that an increasing number of CAG repeats in the huntingtin gene below the disease threshold and in low pathologic ranges were associated with some improvements in cognitive performance.
Article
Biology
Jung Hwa Seo, Jeong Hong Shin, Junwon Lee, Daesik Kim, Hye-Yeon Hwang, Bae-Geun Nam, Jinu Lee, Hyongbum Henry Kim, Sung-Rae Cho
Summary: The use of CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) can repress the expression of mutant huntingtin while preserving wild-type huntingtin, potentially delaying disease progression in Huntington's disease, which is caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the huntingtin gene.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Vanessa B. Leotti, Jeroen J. de Vries, Camila M. Oliveira, Eduardo P. de Mattos, Gerard J. Te Meerman, Ewout R. Brunt, Harm H. Kampinga, Laura B. Jardim, Dineke S. Verbeek
Summary: The length of the expanded CAG repeat in ATXN3 is a major determinant of clinical decline in SCA3/MJD, and combining this with residual age at onset as co-modifiers explains up to 47% of the interpatient variation in ICARS progression.
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Ramita Dewan, Ruth Chia, Jinhui Ding, Richard A. Hickman, Thor D. Stein, Yevgeniya Abramzon, Sarah Ahmed, Marya S. Sabir, Makayla K. Portley, Arianna Tucci, Kristina Ibanez, F. N. U. Shankaracharya, Pamela Keagle, Giacomina Rossi, Paola Caroppo, Fabrizio Tagliavini, Maria L. Waldo, Per M. Johansson, Christer F. Nilsson, James B. Rowe, Luisa Benussi, Giuliano Binetti, Roberta Ghidoni, Edwin Jabbari, Coralie Viollet, Jonathan D. Glass, Andrew B. Singleton, Vincenzo Silani, Owen A. Ross, Mina Ryten, Ali Torkamani, Toshiko Tanaka, Luigi Ferrucci, Susan M. Resnick, Stuart Pickering-Brown, Christopher B. Brady, Neil Kowal, John A. Hardy, Vivianna Van Deerlin, Jean Paul Vonsattel, Matthew B. Harms, Huw R. Morris, Raffaele Ferrari, John E. Landers, Adriano Chio, J. Raphael Gibbs, Clifton L. Dalgard, Sonja W. Scholz, Bryan J. Traynor
Summary: Researchers analyzed whole-genome sequence data from 2,442 FTD/ALS patients, 2,599 LBD patients, and 3,158 neurologically healthy subjects, identifying pathogenic HTT gene expansions in a small percentage of FTD/ALS patients but not in the LBD or healthy groups. Postmortem evaluations supported an etiological relationship between HTT repeat expansions and FTD/ALS syndromes, suggesting the importance of genetic screening for HTT repeat expansions in FTD/ALS patients.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Jozef Sitarcik, Tomas Vinar, Brona Brejova, Werner Krampl, Jaroslav Budis, Jan Radvanszky, Maria Lucka
Summary: WarpSTR is a new method that characterizes both simple and complex tandem repeats directly from raw nanopore signals using a finite-state automaton and a search algorithm analogous to dynamic time warping.
Article
Medicine, Legal
Xiaoyuan Zhen, Wenfeng Zhao, Jiawen Wang, Lijuan Li, Yan He, Jianhua Zhang, Chengtao Li, Suhua Zhang, Bin Luo, Jiang Huang, Yuzhen Gao
Summary: Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a significant public health problem and has a higher incidence in males compared to females. This study analyzed the (CAG)(n) repeat polymorphism within the Androgen Receptor (AR) gene and found that it is associated with SCD-CAD risk in Chinese populations, with different effects in males and females.
FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Linliu Peng, Zhao Chen, Zhe Long, Mingjie Liu, Lijing Lei, Chunrong Wang, Huirong Peng, Yuting Shi, Yun Peng, Qi Deng, Shang Wang, Guangdong Zou, Linlin Wan, Hongyu Yuan, Lang He, Yue Xie, Zhichao Tang, Na Wan, Yiqing Gong, Xuan Hou, Lu Shen, Kun Xia, Jinchen Li, Chao Chen, Rong Qiu, Thomas Klockgether, Beisha Tang, Hong Jiang
Summary: This study aimed to develop a parametric survival model to predict age at onset for SCA3/MJD patients in mainland China. Among the 6 parametric models compared, the logistic model was found to be the best fit for predicting AAO in this patient population.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Maria Santa Rocca, Giovanni Minervini, Cinzia Vinanzi, Alberto Bottacin, Federica Lia, Carlo Foresta, Maria Pennuto, Alberto Ferlin
Summary: This study evaluated the frequency and type of androgen receptor (AR) gene variants in a large cohort of infertile males. The study found that patients with AR gene variants had lower sperm count, higher testosterone concentration, and higher androgen sensitivity index compared to patients without variants. Two novel potentially pathogenic AR variants were identified. Based on these findings, AR sequencing is suggested as a routine genetic test in cases of idiopathic oligozoospermia with high testosterone levels.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Satoko Miyatake, Eriko Koshimizu, Atsushi Fujita, Hiroshi Doi, Masaki Okubo, Taishi Wada, Kohei Hamanaka, Naohisa Ueda, Hitaru Kishida, Gaku Minase, Atsuhiro Matsuno, Minori Kodaira, Katsuhisa Ogata, Rumiko Kato, Atsuhiko Sugiyama, Ayako Sasaki, Takabumi Miyama, Mai Satoh, Yuri Uchiyama, Naomi Tsuchida, Haruka Hamanoue, Kazuharu Misawa, Kiyoshi Hayasaka, Yoshiki Sekijima, Hiroaki Adachi, Kunihiro Yoshida, Fumiaki Tanaka, Takeshi Mizuguchi, Naomichi Matsumoto
Summary: We developed a diagnostic method for repeat expansion diseases that is faster, more accurate, and more comprehensive compared to conventional methods.
NPJ GENOMIC MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ludmila Osadchuk, Gennady Vasiliev, Maxim Kleshchev, Alexander Osadchuk
Summary: Male infertility is a complex disorder influenced by multiple factors and genetic variations. This study investigated the association between the length of CAG repeats in the androgen receptor (AR) gene and semen quality and reproductive hormone levels in a population-based cohort of young men. The findings revealed that longer CAG repeats were associated with impaired semen quality, with variations observed among different ethnic subgroups. These results highlight the importance of genetic factors in male fertility and provide insights for potential risk assessment and treatment strategies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Matthias Vockel, Antoni Riera-Escamilla, Frank Tuettelmann, Csilla Krausz
Summary: The X chromosome plays a crucial role in male infertility, as dosage is closely associated with spermatogenic defects. Loss-of-function mutations in single-copy X-chromosomal genes can lead to male infertility, but only a few genetic causes have been definitively identified to date.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yi Zhao, Xue-Nan Li, Hao Zhang, Jia-Gen Cui, Jia-Xin Wang, Ming-Shan Chen, Jin-Long Li
Summary: Male infertility is a significant concern due to the decline in sperm quality worldwide. Phthalates, particularly DEHP or its metabolite MEHP, have negative effects on male reproductive development and function, leading to reduced fertility. Lycopene, a natural antioxidant, has the potential to be used as a therapeutic option for male infertility. This research demonstrates that DEHP reduces testosterone production in Leydig cells and impairs secretory function in Sertoli cells, resulting in impaired spermatogenesis. Additionally, MEHP causes mitochondrial and oxidative damage, posing a serious threat to spermatogenesis. However, LYC supplementation reverses these changes. Mechanistically, DEHP disrupts the T/AR signaling pathway, contributing to male infertility. Overall, this study highlights the critical role of the T/AR signal transduction in male fertility and provides promising insights into the protective role of LYC in phthalate-induced male reproductive disorders.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Johnny T. K. Cheung, Aimin Yang, Hongjiang Wu, Eric S. H. Lau, Mai Shi, Alice P. S. Kong, Ronald C. W. Ma, Andrea O. Y. Luk, Juliana C. N. Chan, Elaine Chow
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between initiation of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) at lower glycemic thresholds and decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The results showed that initiation of SGLT2i at a lower HbA1c threshold was associated with a slower decline in eGFR, especially in high-risk patients, indicating the potential renal benefits of initiating SGLT2i at lower glycemic thresholds.
DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Sumaiya Adam, Harold David McIntyre, Kit Ying Tsoi, Anil Kapur, Ronald C. Ma, Stephanie Dias, Pius Okong, Moshe Hod, Liona C. Poon, Graeme N. Smith, Lina Bergman, Esraa Algurjia, Patrick O'Brien, Virna P. Medina, Cynthia Maxwell, Lesley Regan, Mary L. Rosser, Bo Jacobsson, Mark A. Hanson, Sharleen L. O'Reilly, Fionnuala M. McAuliffe
Summary: Gestational diabetes (GDM) affects approximately 17 million pregnancies worldwide. Women with a history of GDM are at a significantly higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease compared to those without prior GDM. Although prevention and delayed progression of GDM to type 2 diabetes is possible, it is not widely practiced. Considering the increasing rates of type 2 diabetes and CVD in women globally, it is crucial to utilize pregnancy as an opportunity for early identification and preventive intervention.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGY & OBSTETRICS
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Cynthia Maxwell, Rachelle Shirley, Amy C. O'Higgins, Mary L. Rosser, Patrick O'Brien, Moshe Hod, Sharleen L. O'Reilly, Virna P. Medina, Graeme N. Smith, Mark A. Hanson, Sumaiya Adam, Ronald C. Ma, Anil Kapur, Harold David McIntyre, Bo Jacobsson, Liona C. Poon, Lina Bergman, Lesley Regan, Esraa Algurjia, Fionnuala M. McAuliffe
Summary: Obesity is a chronic, progressive, relapsing, and treatable neurobehavioral disease that affects women's health and requires a focus on optimizing health outcomes rather than weight loss. Appropriate and sensitive language, as well as trauma-informed care, is necessary when discussing obesity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGY & OBSTETRICS
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Liona C. Poon, Long Nguyen-Hoang, Graeme N. Smith, Lina Bergman, Patrick O'Brien, Moshe Hod, Pius Okong, Anil Kapur, Cynthia Maxwell, Harold David McIntyre, Bo Jacobsson, Esraa Algurjia, Mark A. Hanson, Mary L. Rosser, Ronald C. Ma, Sharleen L. O'Reilly, Lesley Regan, Sumaiya Adam, Virna P. Medina, Fionnuala M. McAuliffe
Summary: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are the leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, accounting for 16% of maternal deaths in high-income countries and approximately 25% in low- and middle-income countries. HDP increases the risk of future cardiovascular disease. Failure to achieve normal cardiovascular adaptation during pregnancy is associated with the development of HDP. Women with a history of HDP may experience long-term hemodynamic alterations, predisposing them to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Therefore, it is crucial to identify underlying cardiovascular risk factors during pregnancy and the postpartum period and develop strategies for lifestyle and therapeutic interventions to reduce the risk of future cardiovascular disease in women with a history of HDP.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGY & OBSTETRICS
(2023)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Sarah Louise Killeen, Niamh Donnellan, Sharleen L. O'Reilly, Mark A. Hanson, Mary L. Rosser, Virna P. Medina, Chandni Maria Jacob, Hema Divakar, Moshe Hod, Liona C. Poon, Lina Bergman, Patrick O'Brien, Anil Kapur, Bo Jacobsson, Cynthia Maxwell, Harold David McIntyre, Lesley Regan, Esraa Algurjia, Ronald C. Ma, Sumaiya Adam, Fionnuala M. McAuliffe
Summary: The period before and during pregnancy is crucial for addressing malnutrition and reducing noncommunicable disease risks. The FIGO Nutrition Checklist is a tool designed to address these issues by assessing dietary requirements, body mass index, diet quality, and micronutrients. It generates awareness, identifies risks, and collects information for health-promoting conversations between women and healthcare professionals.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGY & OBSTETRICS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Maria C. Costanzo, Marcin von Grotthuss, Jeffrey Massung, Dongkeun Jang, Lizz Caulkins, Ryan Koesterer, Clint Gilbert, Ryan P. Welch, Parul Kudtarkar, Quy Hoang, Andrew P. Boughton, Preeti Singh, Ying Sun, Marc Duby, Annie Moriondo, Trang Nguyen, Patrick Smadbeck, Benjamin R. Alexander, MacKenzie Brandes, Mary Carmichael, Peter Dornbos, Todd Green, Kenneth C. Huellas-Bruskiewicz, Yue Ji, Alexandria Kluge, Aoife C. McMahon, Josep M. Mercader, Oliver Ruebenacker, Sebanti Sengupta, Dylan Spalding, Daniel Taliun, Philip Smith, Melissa K. Thomas, Beena Akolkar, M. Julia Brosnan, Andriy Cherkas, Audrey Y. Chu, Eric B. Fauman, Caroline S. Fox, Tania Nayak Kamphaus, Melissa R. Miller, Lynette Nguyen, Afshin Parsa, Dermot F. Reilly, Hartmut Ruetten, David Wholley, Norann A. Zaghloul, Goncalo R. Abecasis, David Altshuler, Thomas M. Keane, Mark I. McCarthy, Kyle J. Gaulton, Jose C. Florez, Michael Boehnke, Noel P. Burtt, Jason Flannick
Summary: This study aims to make the Type 2 Diabetes Knowledge Portal (T2DKP) more accessible and useful to both new and existing users. It evaluates the comprehensiveness of T2DKP by comparing its datasets with other repositories, guides researchers unfamiliar with human genetic data on how to interpret and use the data through T2DKP, and discusses the importance of democratizing access to complex disease genetic results.
Article
Cell Biology
Nicholas W. S. Chew, Cheng Han Ng, Darren Jun Hao Tan, Gwyneth Kong, Chaoxing Lin, Yip Han Chin, Wen Hui Lim, Daniel Q. Huang, Jingxuan Quek, Clarissa Elysia Fu, Jieling Xiao, Nicholas Syn, Roger Foo, Chin Meng Khoo, Jiong-Wei Wang, Georgios K. Dimitriadis, Dan Yock Young, Mohammad Shadab Siddiqui, Carolyn S. P. Lam, Yibin Wang, Gemma A. Figtree, Mark Y. Chan, David E. Cummings, Mazen Noureddin, Vincent Wai-Sun Wong, Ronald Ching Wan Ma, Christos S. Mantzoros, Arun Sanyal, Mark Dhinesh Muthiah
Summary: Global estimates from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 reveal increasing prevalence rates for metabolic diseases, particularly in high socio-demographic index countries. While mortality rates have decreased for some metabolic diseases, such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, rates remain unchanged for type 2 diabetes mel-litus and obesity. The highest mortality rates are observed in the World Health Organization Eastern Mediterranean region and low to low-middle socio-demographic index countries.
Meeting Abstract
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Anna Birukov, Ruijin Lu, Guoqi Yu, Yan Qiao, Mohammad Rahman, Qi Sun, Ronald C. Ma, Zhen Chen, Frank B. Hu, Cuilin Zhang
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jack K. C. Ng, James Ling, Andrea O. Y. Luk, Eric S. H. Lau, Ronald C. W. Ma, Philip K. T. Li, Cheuk Chun Szeto, Juliana C. N. Chan, Elaine Chow
Summary: This study evaluated the performance of a real-time continuous glucose monitor (CGM) in diabetes patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD). The results showed that 81.3% of CGM readings were within ±15% of Yellow Springs Instrument (YSI) venous glucose values in the full glycemic range. This study demonstrated satisfactory performance of a real-time CGM sensor, supporting its future use in treatment decisions.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Noel Y. H. Ng, Hongjiang Wu, Eric S. H. Lau, Xinge Zhang, Aimin Yang, Atta Y. T. Tsang, Tiffany T. L. Yau, Alice P. S. Kong, Karen Ng, Jacqueline P. W. Chung, Elaine Y. K. Chow, Juliana C. N. Chan, Lai Ping Cheung, Andrea O. Y. Luk, Ronald C. W. Ma
Summary: This study aimed to determine the risk of progression to diabetes among Chinese women with PCOS. The findings showed that women with PCOS have a higher risk of developing diabetes, especially at a younger age. It is recommended to conduct frequent glycemic status screening and early diagnosis for young women with PCOS.
DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Johnny T. K. Cheung, Aimin Yang, Hongjiang Wu, Eric S. H. Lau, Alice P. S. Kong, Ronald C. W. Ma, Andrea O. Y. Luk, Juliana C. N. Chan, Elaine Chow
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether early treatment intensification using dipeptidylpeptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP4i) delays insulin initiation in Chinese patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes for less than 5 years. The results showed that early DPP4i intensification and low glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) variability score (HVS) were associated with delayed insulin initiation.
DIABETES-METABOLISM RESEARCH AND REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tiffany T. L. Yau, Alicia J. Jenkins, Ronald C. W. Ma
HONG KONG MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ishant Khurana, Harikrishnan Kaipananickal, Scott Maxwell, Sorine Birkelund, Anna Syreeni, Carol Forsblom, Jun Okabe, Mark Ziemann, Antony Kaspi, Haloom Rafehi, Anne Jorgensen, Keith Al-Hasani, Merlin C. Thomas, Guozhi Jiang, Andrea O. Y. Luk, Heung Man Lee, Yu Huang, Yotsapon Thewjitcharoen, Soontaree Nakasatien, Thep Himathongkam, Christopher Fogarty, Rachel Njeim, Assaad Eid, Tine Willum Hansen, Nete Tofte, Evy C. Ottesen, Ronald C. W. Ma, Juliana C. N. Chan, Mark E. Cooper, Peter Rossing, Per-Henrik Groop, Assam El-Osta
Summary: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a polygenic disorder with poorly defined genome-wide methylation patterns. Methylation sequencing using leukocytes from a Finnish diabetes study identified differentially methylated genes associated with DN, which were further validated in independent T1D registries from Denmark, Hong Kong, and Thailand. Reduced DNA methylation at certain sites was connected with DN pathways related to insulin signaling, lipid metabolism, and fibrosis. Experimental observations in human renal cells, macrophages, and vascular endothelial cells supported the findings.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Letter
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Liying Liang, Wenbiao Wang, Junzhe Chen, Wenjing Wu, Xiao-Ru Huang, Biao Wei, Yu Zhong, Ronald C. W. Ma, Xueqing Yu, Hui-Yao Lan
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Xinge Zhang, Hongjiang Wu, Baoqi Fan, Mai Shi, Eric S. H. Lau, Aimin Yang, Elaine Chow, Alice P. S. Kong, Juliana C. N. Chan, Ronald C. W. Ma, Andrea O. Y. Luk
Summary: This study found that prediabetes is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality, with a stronger relationship observed in younger individuals. The risk attenuates with increasing age.
LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-WESTERN PACIFIC
(2023)