Article
Oncology
Zhe Xu, Junyu He, Peng Han, Peiji Dai, Wei Lv, Nian Liu, Liyi Liu, Liehua Liu, Xiaoguang Pan, Xi Xiang, Hanbo Li, Fangfang Ge, Shan Gao, Zhihong Liao, Yonglun Luo, Yanbing Li
Summary: This study presented the first plasma extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) landscape of type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with short-term intensive insulin therapy. Metabolism-related genes are unevenly distributed in eccDNAs from low and high glycemia patients. The cell-free eccDNA is significantly correlated with changes in glycemia and long-term glycemic control.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Zhe Xu, Junyu He, Peng Han, Peiji Dai, Wei Lv, Nian Liu, Liyi Liu, Liehua Liu, Xiaoguang Pan, Xi Xiang, Hanbo Li, Fangfang Ge, Shan Gao, Zhihong Liao, Yonglun Luo, Yanbing Li
Summary: This study investigates the characteristics and dynamics of circulating eccDNAs in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients undergoing short-term intensive insulin therapy (SIIT). The study finds an increase in plasma eccDNA load after SIIT, suggesting metabolic alterations during therapy. The study also reveals the presence of metabolism-related genes within T2DM plasma eccDNAs.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yijun Li, Dongni Yu, Lixin Guo, Yiming Mu, Hailong Wan, Junfen Wang, Binhua Xu, Guoping Wang, Chengxia Jiang, Li Liang, Jiewen Zhang, Jingcheng Liu, Minlu Zhang, Nan Cui
Summary: The aim of this study was to explore the results of short-term intensive insulin therapy (SIIT) using a basal-first insulin titration method in Chinese individuals with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes (T2D). The study found that titrating basal insulin first is an effective and safe method of SIIT, achieving target glucose levels rapidly with a relatively low rate of hypoglycemia.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ravi Retnakaran, Alexandra Emery, Chang Ye, Stewart B. Harris, Sonja M. Reichert, Natalia McInnes, Hertzel C. Gerstein, Kevin E. Thorpe, Caroline K. Kramer, Bernard Zinman
Summary: The study aimed to test the hypothesis that periodic short-term intensive insulin therapy could enhance the effect of metformin maintenance therapy on preservation of beta-cell function. The results showed that while initial induction IIT improved metabolic parameters, subsequent repeat courses every 3 months did not further enhance the effect of MET maintenance therapy on beta-cell function.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Matthew C. Riddle, William T. Cefalu, Philip H. Evans, Hertzel C. Gerstein, Michael A. Nauck, William K. Oh, Amy E. Rothberg, Carel W. le Roux, Francesco Rubino, Philip Schauer, Roy Taylor, Douglas Twenefour
Summary: Improvement of glucose levels in people with diabetes can occur spontaneously or after medical interventions. Newer forms of treatment may lead to more sustained improvement. However, the terminology and objective measures for defining this process are not established, and the long-term risks and benefits are not well understood. An international expert group proposed the term "remission" and HbA1c < 6.5% as the usual diagnostic criterion. They also suggested active observation and further research on predictors and outcomes of remission.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Matthew C. Riddle, William T. Cefalu, Philip H. Evans, Hertzel C. Gerstein, Michael A. Nauck, William K. Oh, Amy E. Rothberg, Carel W. le Roux, Francesco Rubino, Philip Schauer, Roy Taylor, Douglas Twenefour
Summary: Remission of diabetes refers to the improvement of glucose levels into the normal range in some patients, either spontaneously or through medical interventions, which can persist after withdrawal of glucose-lowering pharmacotherapy. Current terminology and objective measures for this process are not well established, and the long-term risks versus benefits are not fully understood.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Junyu He, Peiji Dai, Liyi Liu, Yanqing Yang, Xibo Liu, Yanbing Li, Zhihong Liao
Summary: After short-term intensive insulin therapy using continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion, newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients showed decreased levels of inflammatory cytokines, especially in those with higher baseline glycated hemoglobin levels.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Matthew C. Riddle, William T. Cefalu, Philip H. Evans, Hertzel C. Gerstein, Michael A. Nauck, William K. Oh, Amy E. Rothberg, Carel W. le Roux, Francesco Rubino, Philip Schauer, Roy Taylor, Douglas Twenefour
Summary: Continuous improvement in blood sugar levels for diabetes patients may be more common now due to newer forms of treatment. An international expert group convened by the American Diabetes Association proposed standardized terminology and diagnostic criteria to address this issue.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Motonori Sato, Yoshifumi Tamura, Hideyoshi Kaga, Nozomu Yamasaki, Mai Kiya, Satoshi Kadowaki, Daisuke Sugimoto, Takashi Funayama, Yuki Someya, Saori Kakehi, Shuko Nojiri, Hiroaki Satoh, Ryuzo Kawamori, Hirotaka Watada
Summary: The study showed that SGLT2i tofogliflozin did not affect the metabolic clearance rate of insulin, but could improve glycated hemoglobin levels and reduce body weight.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Qi Pan, Yijun Li, Hailong Wan, Junfen Wang, Binhua Xu, Guoping Wang, Chengxia Jiang, Li Liang, Wei Feng, Jingcheng Liu, Ting Wang, Xia Zhang, Nan Cui, Yiming Mu, Lixin Guo
Summary: This study compared the efficacy and safety of basal insulin glargine plus oral antihyperglycemic drugs with premixed insulin aspart plus metformin in Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes after short-term intensive insulin therapy. The results showed that both treatment groups had similar reduction in HbA1c levels, but the group receiving basal insulin glargine had a lower risk of hypoglycemia.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Ehtasham Ahmad, Soo Lim, Roberta Lamptey, David R. Webb, Melanie J. Davies
Summary: Type 2 diabetes accounts for nearly 90% of global diabetes cases, with an increasing number of affected individuals, particularly among young people. Early detection and proactive management are crucial for preventing complications and reducing mortality. Technology and precision medicine offer potential improvements to treatment outcomes but face significant barriers.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Liehua Liu, Weijian Ke, Lijuan Xu, Hai Li, Juan Liu, Xuesi Wan, Jianbin Liu, Wanping Deng, Xiaopei Cao, Haipeng Xiao, Yanbing Li
Summary: This study investigated the role of time in range (TIR) during short-term intensive insulin therapy (SIIT) in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients by predicting clinical outcomes. The results showed that a TIRPIR >= 65% during SIIT was strongly associated with diabetes remission and had a high predictive value, which is important for clinical decision-making.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Han-Chow E. Koh, Chao Cao, Bettina Mittendorfer
Summary: Plasma insulin clearance plays an important role in determining plasma insulin concentration and is closely related to excess adiposity, insulin sensitivity, and type 2 diabetes. The lower insulin clearance rate observed in people with obesity is not a compensatory response to insulin resistance, but directly linked to insulin sensitivity. Additionally, postprandial insulin clearance decreases due to increased delivery of insulin to tissues that clear insulin.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ravi Retnakaran, Jiajie Pu, Alexandra Emery, Caroline K. Kramer, Bernard Zinman
Summary: The aim of this study was to identify baseline determinants of diabetes remission in response to short-term insulin-based therapy. The study found that beta-cell function plays a dominant role in achieving remission of diabetes.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Matthew C. Riddle, William T. Cefalu, Philip H. Evans, Hertzel C. Gerstein, Michael A. Nauck, William K. Oh, Amy E. Rothberg, Carel W. Roux, Francesco Rubino, Philip Schauer, Roy Taylor, Douglas Twenefour
Summary: Improvement of glucose levels can persist even after withdrawal of pharmacotherapy in some diabetic patients, with remission suggested as the most appropriate descriptive term and HbA1c <6.5% proposed as the usual diagnostic criterion.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ravi Retnakaran, Chang Ye, Anthony J. Hanley, Philip W. Connelly, Mathew Sermer, Bernard Zinman, Jill K. Hamilton
Summary: Despite reducing birth weight and macrosomia, the treatment of GDM does not have analogous effects on infant adiposity across the 1st year of life.
Article
Psychiatry
Ying Zhao, Qiongge Guan, Jingyi Shi, Jiewei Sun, Qi Wang, Jianzhou Yang, Ravi Retnakaran, Jinhong Han, Xiangyang Zhang, Wei Hao, Xin Huang, Ruiling Zhang, Desheng Zhai, Shi Wu Wen
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of quetiapine treatment on the central set point of thyroid homeostasis in patients with acute phase schizophrenia. The results showed that quetiapine exposure was associated with a significant decline in thyroid indices and there was a dose-response relationship.
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Liran Hiersch, Baiju R. Shah, Howard Berger, Michael Geary, Sarah D. McDonald, Beth Murray-Davis, Jun Guan, Ilana Halperin, Ravi Retnakaran, Jon Barrett, Nir Melamed
Summary: This study compared the screening accuracy, risk of GDM, and risk of LGA between twin and singleton pregnancies using various 50 g-GCT cutoffs. The results showed that for any given 50 g-GCT result, the probability of GDM was higher in the twin group, while the probability of LGA was lower.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xiumei Wu, Suowen Xu, Jianping Weng
Summary: In a recent article published in Nature, Chen et al. reported that pregestational hyperglycemia resulted in offspring's vulnerability to glucose intolerance due to insufficient TET3-mediated 5-methylcytosine oxidation and DNA demethylation, leading to hypermethylation and reduction of insulin-secreting genes.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ziyu Liu, Chaofan Wang, Daizhi Yang, Sihui Luo, Yu Ding, Wen Xu, Xueying Zheng, Jianping Weng, Jinhua Yan
Summary: This study found that engagement in peer support through a mobile community was associated with better glycemic control in adults with type 1 diabetes. Higher engagement was related to a greater reduction in HbA(1c) and mean FBG levels. Furthermore, engagement was also correlated with educational level, household income, and the use of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Suo-wen Xu, Iqra Ilyas, Jian-ping Weng
Summary: This review examines the impact of COVID-19 on endothelial cell function and provides a comprehensive summary of biomarkers associated with endothelial cell activation in COVID-19. COVID-19 is considered a vascular and endothelial disease, and several drugs have shown potential in improving clinical manifestations of patients. Further research using cellular and animal models can accelerate the discovery of new drugs targeting endothelial dysfunction in COVID-19 patients.
ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mengyun Xu, Xiumei Wu, Zhenghong Liu, Yu Ding, Weian Kong, Peter J. Little, Suowen Xu, Jianping Weng
Summary: This study successfully established a novel mouse model of diabetes, atherosclerosis, and fatty liver disease by injecting AAV8-PCSK9 vectors in db/db mice. The model exhibits characteristics of hyperlipidemia, aneurysm, and atherosclerotic plaque, making it suitable for studying the pathological mechanisms of cardiometabolic disease and its complications.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Meijie Chen, Jianbo Xiao, Hesham R. El-Seedi, Krystyna Skalicka Wozniak, Maria Daglia, Peter J. Little, Jianping Weng, Suowen Xu
Summary: Natural product kaempferol possesses pleiotropic cardiovascular protective effects due to its anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, and anti-thrombotic properties. This review highlights the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cardio-protective activities of kaempferol, focusing on its potential as a drug candidate for preventing and treating atherosclerosis, the underlying pathology of most cardiovascular diseases.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ravi Retnakaran, Chang Ye, Alexandra Emery, Caroline K. Kramer, Bernard Zinman
Summary: In early type 2 diabetes, adding exenatide to basal insulin does not enhance beta-cell function or achieve diabetes remission, but may provide glycemic benefits during treatment.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ravi Retnakaran, Chang Ye, Shi Wu Wen, Hongzhuan Tan
Summary: In this prospective study, the relationship between pre-gravid weight and first trimester weight was evaluated. The results showed a good concordance and correlation between the two, supporting the use of first trimester weight measurement as a surrogate for pre-pregnancy weight in clinical research.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ravi Retnakaran, Jiajie Pu, Chang Ye, Alexandra Emery, Caroline K. Kramer, Bernard Zinman
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of adding GLP1-RA exenatide or meal insulin lispro to basal glargine therapy on vascular function in early type 2 diabetes. The findings suggest that adding exenatide or lispro does not affect fasting endothelial function in patients with early type 2 diabetes.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yongwen Zhou, Mao Zheng, Hongrong Deng, Xueying Zheng, Sihui Luo, Daizhi Yang, Xiaodong Mai, Wen Xu, Jinhua Yan, Jianping Weng
Summary: This study aimed to capture glycemic fluctuation patterns and quantify contributions of basal and postprandial glucose increment to HbA1c levels among adults with type 1 diabetes. The results showed that basal hyperglycemia better predicts overall glycemic control than postprandial hyperglycemia. The relative contribution of basal hyperglycemia increased gradually with HbA1c increasing, and the strategy for insulin titration among type 1 diabetes patients varies with different levels of glycemic control.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ping Ling, Daizhi Yang, Chaofan Wang, Xueying Zheng, Sihui Luo, Xubin Yang, Hongrong Deng, Wen Xu, Jinhua Yan, Jianping Weng
Summary: This study aimed to derive a best-fitting model to calculate glucose management indicator (GMI) from mean blood glucose (MBG) obtained from continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) among pregnant women with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). After analyzing the CGM data and HbA1c levels of 98 pregnant women with T1DM, a pregnancy-specific GMI-MBG equation was developed. This equation should be recommended for antenatal clinical care.
DIABETES-METABOLISM RESEARCH AND REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xuhong Hou, Limin Wang, Dalong Zhu, Lixin Guo, Jianping Weng, Mei Zhang, Zhiguang Zhou, Dajin Zou, Qiuhe Ji, Xiaohui Guo, Qiang Wu, Siyu Chen, Rong Yu, Hongli Chen, Zhengjing Huang, Xiao Zhang, Jiarui Wu, Jing Wu, Weiping Jia
Summary: The current epidemic status of diabetic retinopathy in China is unclear. A national survey was conducted to determine the prevalence and associated factors of diabetic retinopathy. The results showed a prevalence rate of 16.3% for diabetic retinopathy and 3.2% for vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy, with significant regional differences.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiumei Wu, Mengyun Xu, Mengya Geng, Shuo Chen, Peter J. Little, Suowen Xu, Jianping Weng
Summary: The increasing prevalence of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) has become a significant global public health burden. Metabolic diseases, the most common form of NCDs, have life-threatening cardiovascular complications and affect people of all ages. Protein posttranslational modification (PTM) greatly enhances the functional diversity of proteins and plays a crucial role in common metabolic diseases such as diabetes, obesity, and fatty liver diseases. Understanding the mechanisms of PTMs in metabolic diseases will provide new insights for therapeutic intervention and improvement of therapies.
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY
(2023)