Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Hossein Kamalzadeh, Vishal Ahuja, Michael Hahsler, Michael E. Bowen
Summary: This study discusses the importance of screening for type 2 diabetes and proposes a new approach that uses clinical information from electronic health records to derive an optimal screening policy tailored to specific patient populations. By incorporating predictive modeling into a formal decision framework and using real clinical data, the proposed framework outperforms existing guidelines widely used in clinical practice and has the potential to be applied to other chronic diseases.
PRODUCTION AND OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mathis Grossmann, Channa N. Jayasena, Bradley D. Anawalt
Summary: Although testosterone replacement therapy is commonly used for men with classical hypogonadism, its role in age-related decline of testosterone remains unclear due to limited evidence from long-term clinical trials. However, men aged 50 years and above with comorbidities and higher body mass index often exhibit symptoms of androgen deficiency and low testosterone levels. Clinicians face a challenging dilemma in initiating testosterone therapy and must carefully assess the benefits and risks based on limited clinical trial data. In this article, a practical approach to the assessment and management of such men is presented using a case scenario.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Adrian Sandra Dobs, Kevin James Campbell
Summary: The incidence of testosterone deficiency and its therapeutic use has increased recently, and primary care physicians in the US and Canada are the main prescribers. There are various forms of testosterone therapy available, each with unique characteristics. Though clinical trials have shown overall efficacy and safety, concerns remain regarding the impact of testosterone therapy on sperm production, fertility, prostate cancer development, polycythemia, and cardiovascular events. Ongoing research is aimed at understanding the effects of testosterone therapy in specific populations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GENERAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Charalampos Milionis, Ioannis Ilias, Evangelia Venaki, Eftychia Koukkou
Summary: The transgender population includes individuals with gender identities more fittingly aligned with the opposite sex or an alternative. Hormonal treatment aims to suppress endogenous sex steroids and replace them with desired gender hormones. The effect of transgender treatment on glucose tolerance is unclear, with conflicting results on insulin sensitivity in trans men and evidence showing a worsening effect on insulin sensitivity in trans women. Further research is needed to investigate the relationships between body fat distributions, muscle mass, and glycemia/insulin resistance in transgender individuals under hormonal therapy.
Review
Oncology
Felix Krenzien, Nora Nevermann, Alina Krombholz, Christian Benzing, Philipp Haber, Uli Fehrenbach, Georg Lurje, Uwe Pelzer, Johann Pratschke, Moritz Schmelzle, Wenzel Schoening
Summary: This review discusses multimodality treatment strategies for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCC). Surgical resection remains the only potentially curative therapeutic option, and adjuvant systemic treatment is recommended. Targeted therapies and interventional treatments such as high-dose brachytherapy and transarterial chemoembolization are being evaluated for unresectable iCC. Any treatment strategy should be discussed in a multidisciplinary tumor board and guided by specialized treatment centers.
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Szymon Jonik, Michal Marchel, Zenon Huczek, Janusz Kochman, Radoslaw Wilimski, Mariusz Kusmierczyk, Marcin Grabowski, Grzegorz Opolski, Tomasz Mazurek
Summary: The multidisciplinary Heart Team is the standard of care for patients with coronary artery disease and valvular heart disease. It involves experienced specialists who consider various factors to provide optimal care and improve patient satisfaction. However, more research is needed to define and understand the functioning of the Heart Team.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nikolina Jukic Peladic, Paolo Orlandoni, Mirko Di Rosa, Giulia Giulioni, Laura Bartoloni, Claudia Venturini
Summary: This retrospective study reveals that the evidence on the efficacy of nutrition therapy for preventing complications of dysphagia is inconclusive due to the use of different assessment tools and scales in previous studies. The findings suggest that nutrition therapy is effective in improving nutritional status and reducing complications. However, standardized assessment tools and criteria should be used to enhance comparability between studies.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Yimeng Liu, Guy Amit, Xiaolei Zhao, Na Wu, Daqing Li, Amir Bashan
Summary: In this study, the role of the gut microbiome in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was investigated. The microbial communities in GDM patients were found to be significantly altered after diet intervention, indicating that the ecological balance of GDM patients was not improved. Additionally, large network deviations were associated with abnormal glucose regulation, suggesting the potential for individualized microbiome-based therapies in the future.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Rashida Haq, Amy Kong, Pauline Gulasingam
Summary: Integrating personalized treatment plans and care plans into the existing workflow for breast cancer patients has led to an increase in uptake, sustainability, and provider buy-in. However, finding care team members to complete the forms remains a challenge. A dedicated personnel or survivorship clinic is required for successful implementation.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Erkan Alpsoy, Pietro Leccese, Giacomo Emmi, Shigeaki Ohno
Summary: Behcet's disease is a chronic, inflammatory multisystem disease with a wide range of symptoms affecting various organs. Early diagnosis, personalized treatment, and multidisciplinary collaboration are crucial in reducing the incidence and mortality of the disease.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ran Li, Weiwei Xu, Ping Yang, Lian Tan, Zhiyu Ling, Xiuni Gan
Summary: The study focused on the clinical effects of individualized nursing and health education (INHE) on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension. The results showed that INHE significantly improved disease knowledge mastery, rehabilitation nursing effect, and reduced fasting plasma glucose, postprandial glucose, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, self-rating anxiety, and self-rating depression scores.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Giuseppe Defeudis, Ernesto Maddaloni, Giovanni Rossini, Alfonso Maria Di Tommaso, Rossella Mazzilli, Paolo Di Palma, Paolo Pozzilli, Nicola Napoli
Summary: This study is the first to evaluate the effects of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) on daily glucose excursions in subjects with type 2 diabetes and hypogonadism. Although no significant differences were found in key continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) metrics during the 12 weeks of TRT, this study confirms the glycometabolic safety of TRT even on the most novel standardized glycemic targets.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kristy P. Robledo, Ian C. Marschner, David J. Handelsman, Karen Bracken, Bronwyn G. A. Stuckey, Bu B. Yeap, Warrick Inder, Mathis Grossmann, David Jesudason, Carolyn A. Allan, Gary Wittert
Summary: This study investigates whether the effects of testosterone treatment on glycaemia can be mediated by changes in total fat mass, abdominal fat mass, skeletal muscle mass, grip strength, SHBG, and E2. The results suggest that testosterone treatment has a significant effect on the development of type 2 diabetes after 2 years, which is mediated, at least in part, by changes in fat mass.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
John B. Buse, Ingrid Holst, Filip K. Knop, Kajsa Kvist, Desiree Thielke, Richard Pratley
Summary: Data-driven tools are necessary for informing individualized treatment decisions for people with type 2 diabetes. An interactive outline tool has been developed to predict treatment outcomes, using data from randomized controlled trials of glucose-lowering drugs. Further development is needed to enhance the tool's predictive value, as well as increasing patient engagement and data-sharing for shared decision-making.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Sabine Karam, Mohammad Haidous, Iman Abou Dalle, Amelie Dendooven, Nour Moukalled, Amaryllis Van Craenenbroeck, Ali Bazarbachi, Ben Sprangers
Summary: Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance (MGRS) refers to a group of kidney disorders caused by a monoclonal immunoglobulin (MIg) that does not meet current hematologic criteria for therapy. MGRS-associated kidney diseases are diverse and can lead to end stage kidney disease (ESKD). Diagnosis is made through kidney biopsy and treatment should be coordinated between hematologists and nephrologists based on the type of MGRS, degree of kidney function impairment, and risk of progression to ESKD.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ONCOLOGY HEMATOLOGY
(2023)