Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Maria Dolores Gomez-Guijarro, Celia Alvarez-Bueno, Alicia Saz-Lara, Irene Sequi-Dominguez, Maribel Luceron-Lucas-Torres, Ivan Cavero-Redondo
Summary: The aim of this systematic review was to analyze the association between severe hypoglycemia and the incidence of dementia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Seven studies were included, and the pooled risk ratio (RR) showed a 54% higher risk of dementia among people who experienced a hypoglycemic event compared to non-hypoglycemia. Health education for both newly diagnosed and already diagnosed individuals could be beneficial in terms of glycemic control and preventing hypoglycemic events.
DIABETES-METABOLISM RESEARCH AND REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Lindsay White, Bailey Ingraham, Eric Larson, Paul Fishman, Sungchul Park, Norma B. Coe
Summary: Timely diagnosis of cognitive impairment is a key goal of the National Plan to Address Alzheimer's Disease, but studies on factors contributing to timely diagnosis are limited. This retrospective observational study found that only 26% of respondents with incident dementia and 11.4% with incident MCI received a timely diagnosis. Non-Hispanic Black and individuals with lower educational attainment were less likely to receive timely diagnosis of dementia or MCI compared to Non-Hispanic White respondents or those with a college degree.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hanan Ehtewish, Abdelilah Arredouani, Omar El-Agnaf
Summary: The underlying mechanisms linking type 2 diabetes to cognitive dysfunction are still unclear, but may include factors such as hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and neuroinflammation. Risk factors for dementia in diabetes patients include aging, poor glycemic control, hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic episodes, depression, and vascular complications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Yingying Zhu, Dong Pan, Lei He, Xiaoming Rong, Honghong Li, Yi Li, Yaxuan Pi, Yongteng Xu, Yamei Tang
Summary: The CHina registry study on cOgnitive imPairment in the Elderly (HOPE) study aims to explore longitudinal changes in cognitive decline participants and identify potential plasma and imaging biomarkers for early diagnosis, ultimately improving treatment and quality of life for cognitive impairment at an early stage.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Haiming Zhou, Yuanyuan Wu, Binhua Jiang, Bowen Li, Martin Li, He Tian, Guanghou Shui, Sin Man Lam, Timothy Kwok
Summary: Intervention studies on active B vitamin supplementation in cognitively impaired individuals have yielded varying results, and a negative interaction with aspirin usage has been observed. Metabolomics analysis revealed that active B vitamin supplementation enhances gluconeogenesis and Warburg effects, leading to cognitive improvement in non-aspirin users. Furthermore, the study found that aspirin usage may interact with B vitamin supplementation by altering gut microbial metabolism, especially in terms of propionate production. Additionally, varying capacities to assimilate B vitamins at baseline, possibly mediated by differences in gut microbial composition, may underlie inter-individual responses to active B vitamin supplementation.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jose A. Luchsinger, Naji Younes, Jennifer J. Manly, Joshua Barzilay, Willy Valencia, Mary E. Larkin, Corinna Falck-Ytter, Heidi Krause-Steinrauf, Rodica Pop-Busui, Hermes Florez, Elizabeth Seaquist
Summary: In individuals with type 2 diabetes and a mean duration of <5 years, lower LDL levels and statin use were associated with slightly better executive cognitive function. SBP levels between 120-139 mmHg and DBP levels between 80-89 mmHg were also related to slightly better executive function.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Anna McDonough, Joshi Dookhy, Cathy McHale, Jennifer Sharkey, Siobhan Fox, Sean P. Kennelly
Summary: The study found that a significant proportion of people with MCI showed evidence of hearing impairment upon assessment. Most patients felt that a hearing test was an important part of their memory assessment, although some did not recall having the purpose of the test explained to them clearly. Patients generally provided positive feedback on the service itself, but some felt they did not receive adequate information about the results.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Mohd Fairuz Ali, Nur Iman Suraiya Ja'afar, Thayaletchumy Gophala Krishnan, Mohamad Azizi Mohamad Zulkifle, Nur Khairunnisa Khaidzir, Teh Rohila Jamil, Zuraidah Che Man, Aznida Firzah Abdul Aziz
Summary: The number of people with dementia in Malaysia is expected to increase. The lack of public awareness and research hinders the provision of optimized healthcare services. This study aimed to assess the level of dementia awareness among elderly patients at risk of developing mild cognitive impairment and identify associated factors.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Feng Qin, Min Luo, Yang Xiong, Ni Zhang, Yanping Dai, Weihong Kuang, Xiaobo Cen
Summary: The study found a high prevalence of cognitive impairment in the Chinese elderly population, with modifiable risk factors including marital status, nap duration, sleep duration, depression, living area, and alcohol consumption frequency. Further assessment of these factors is needed for interventions targeting the elderly in China.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Catherine Nicastri, Jennifer Hensley, Susan Lane
Summary: Optimal care for forgetful patients in primary care involves a team approach to ensure safety and quality of life, with initial diagnosis including thorough history, medication review, physical examination, and appropriate testing. Treatment focuses on pharmacologic and nonpharmacological therapy, with monitoring to determine necessary resources as the disease progresses.
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
M. Rekatsina, A. Paladini, O. Viswanath, I Urits, D. Myrcik, J. Pergolizzi, F. Breve, G. Varrassi
Summary: Assessment and management of pain in elderly patients with cognitive impairment is challenging due to physiological changes, comorbidities, and changes in the nervous system impacting pain perception. Prescribing opioids in this population, including those with advanced dementia, can be complicated. Healthcare professionals should be aware of these challenges and ensure appropriate pain assessment guides analgesic use in older adults with cognitive impairment.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Brian Nguyen, William James Deardorff, Ying Shi, Bocheng Jing, Alexandra K. Lee, Sei J. Lee
Summary: NH residents receive frequent fingersticks regardless of level of cognitive impairment, suggesting that cognitive status is a minor consideration in monitoring decisions.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kiyoung Kwak, Emilija Kostic, Dongwook Kim
Summary: In elderly individuals, there is a strong correlation between gait and cognitive function, investigating this association may help detect high-risk individuals and potentially prevent dementia.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Ashley D. Innis, Magdalena Tolea, James E. Galvin
Summary: This study found that the level of mindfulness in dementia patients and caregivers is closely related to their quality of life and cognitive performance. Better outcomes were observed when both patients and caregivers had higher levels of mindfulness.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Marta Kloszewska, Blazej Lyszczarz, Kornelia Kedziora-Kornatowska
Summary: The study examined the relationship between sociodemographic and health-related factors with the severity of cognitive impairment in elderly patients. Findings showed that factors like education level, age, vascular brain injury, and walking ability were positively associated with cognitive impairment severity, while anxiety disorders, ischemic heart disease, and higher BMI were related to lower severity of cognitive impairment. Understanding these risk factors is crucial for early diagnosis of dementia and improving patient care.