Review
Cell Biology
Mary L. Tapia, Gabriel Nascimento-dos-Santos, Kevin K. Park
Summary: This review discusses the heterogeneity of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their differential resilience to injury and regeneration. By identifying molecular features and studying different regeneration models, specific RGC types that exhibit preferential survival and regeneration have been discovered. Cellular characteristics and the selective expression of certain genes may contribute to their reparative capacity. These studies lay an important groundwork for identifying factors that promote neural regeneration and developing targeted therapy for RGC degeneration and neurodegenerative diseases in general.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fa Yuan, Mingwei Wang, Kangxin Jin, Mengqing Xiang
Summary: The text discusses the pathogenesis of glaucoma and the characteristics of RGCs, highlighting the differences in regenerative abilities post-injury and the latest research findings. It proposes potential directions for future therapeutics in treating neurodegenerative diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
James Vinton, Adaeze Aninweze, Eric Birgbauer
Summary: While ibuprofen does not directly inhibit RhoA, it can impact neuronal growth cone collapse induced by LPA through other mechanisms.
EXPERIMENTAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Zi-Yuan Zhang, Zhao-Yang Zuo, Yang Liang, Si-Ming Zhang, Chun-Xia Zhang, Jing Chi, Bin Fan, Guang-Yu Li
Summary: This study identifies CXCL2, an inflammatory factor, as a key regulator in the axon regeneration and neuroprotection of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). The researchers performed transcriptome RNA sequencing to analyze the differentially expressed genes in STS-induced axon regeneration and found that CXCL2 was significantly upregulated. Further experiments in animal models confirmed that intravitreal injection of rCXCL2 promoted axon regeneration and improved RGC survival.
INFLAMMATION AND REGENERATION
(2023)
Article
Developmental Biology
Bruce A. Rheaume, Jian Xing, Agnieszka Lukomska, William C. Theune, Ashiti Damania, Greg Sjogren, Ephraim F. Trakhtenberg
Summary: Central nervous system projection neurons cannot spontaneously regenerate injured axons. Targeting developmentally regulated genes or pro-growth tumor suppressor genes such as Pten can promote long-distance axon regeneration in a small subset of injured retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). A recent study identified rare RGC types that can regenerate long-distance axons, and revealed their cellular features, as well as novel therapeutic targets for axon regeneration.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ana C. Ayupe, Felipe Beckedorff, Konstantin Levay, Benito Yon, Yadira Salgueiro, Ramin Shiekhattar, Kevin K. Park
Summary: This study identifies specific lncRNAs expressed in different types of RGCs, some of which are altered in response to injury. The results suggest potential roles for lncRNAs in regulating neuronal survival and may provide insights into RGC type specification.
Article
Ophthalmology
Luciano Fiore, Cindy Lorena Olmos-Carreno, Mara Medori, Gonzalo Spelzini, Viviana Sanchez, Gabriel Scicolone
Summary: The study found that neural progenitor cells (NPCs) in the neurogenic niche CM of the chicken eye have positional values along the radial and tangential axes, and have the potential to differentiate into retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). These RGCs also retain positional values along the tangential axis and respond to the Eph/ephrin axon guidance system. These findings contribute to the understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in CNS development and regeneration.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Sogand Sajedi, Andreas Fellner, Paul Werginz, Frank Rattay
Summary: Electric micro-stimulation of the nervous system is a method used for restoring various body functions, but overstimulation can hinder optimal neuro-rehabilitation. The impact of upper threshold (UT) in micro-stimulation has been studied, showing differences in action potential initiation among different cell types such as retinal ganglion cells and layer 5 pyramidal cells. Understanding the stimulation window that can reliably activate target neurons is crucial for the future development of neuroprostheses.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Qi Zhang, Yiqing Li, Yehong Zhuo
Summary: Axon regeneration in RGCs after optic nerve injury is hindered by weak intrinsic potential and strong extrinsic inhibitors. Previous research focused on glial and inflammatory cells, neglecting the important role of interneurons in the retinal circuitry. This study highlights the impact of synaptic and non-synaptic interactions on RGCs, emphasizing the significance of pre-synaptic interneurons in optic nerve regeneration and visual function recovery.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chenchen Zhu, Shuimiao Wang, Doudou Wang, Mengxia Hua, Sen Lin, Baoshan Huang, Shengjin Xiang, Kaihui Nan
Summary: A novel hydrogel with gradient CNTF distribution was developed to induce directional axonal outgrowth of retinal ganglion cells. The results showed that the gradient hydrogel significantly increased the number and area of axons compared to the hydrogel without gradient distribution. This study provides a new method for CNTF distribution and has potential applications in optic nerve injury repair.
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Wen-Long Qiao, Qing Li, Jia-Wei Hao, Shuang Wei, Xue-Mei Li, Ting-Ting Liu, Chun-Yu Qiu, Wang-Ping Hu
Summary: This study found a functional interaction between LPA and P2X3 receptors in rat sensory neurons. LPA enhanced the activity of P2X3 receptors through activation of the LPA(1) receptor and PKC pathway, exacerbating nociceptive behaviors.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Valerie Wattelet-Boyer, Marina Le Guedard, Franziska Dittrich-Domergue, Lilly Maneta-Peyret, Verena Kriechbaumer, Yohann Boutte, Jean-Jacques Bessoule, Patrick Moreau
Summary: Phosphatidic acid and lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferases play a critical role in the efficiency of intracellular protein trafficking in Arabidopsis thaliana root cells.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Andrew M. Boal, Nolan R. McGrady, Xitiz Chamling, Bhanu S. Kagitapalli, Donald J. Zack, David J. Calkins, Michael L. Risner
Summary: In this study, retinal ganglion cells (hRGCs) derived from human embryonic stem cells were used to investigate how axonal stress affects the morphology of the axon initial segment (AIS). Microfluidic platforms were found to promote the formation of distinct somatic-dendritic and axonal compartments in hRGCs, compared to traditional coverslip cultures. Colchicine-induced axon injury in hRGCs resulted in reduced axon transport, increased varicosity density, and altered AIS morphology, suggesting impaired excitability maintenance.
TRANSLATIONAL VISION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Sujia Ma, Ke Zhang, Yu Zhu, Xuexia Cao, Lili Wang
Summary: The study demonstrates that papaverine significantly promotes axon outgrowth in primary retinal ganglion cells and restores their growth on chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans. This may have implications for the treatment of optic nerve injuries caused by glaucoma and other diseases.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
John L. Hunyara, Sierra Foshe, Supraja G. Varadarajan, Katherine D. Gribble, Andrew D. Huberman, Alex L. Kolodkin
Summary: Visual impairment caused by retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axon damage or degeneration affects millions of individuals worldwide. This study investigates the survival and regenerative potential of two RGC subtypes, On direction-selective RGCs (oDSGCs) and M1 intrinsically photosensitive RGCs (ipRGCs), following optic nerve crush (ONC) injury. The results suggest that both subtypes are resilient to injury but do not display long-distance axon regrowth.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Eric Birgbauer
NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH
(2015)
Article
Neurosciences
James Vinton, Adaeze Aninweze, Eric Birgbauer
Summary: While ibuprofen does not directly inhibit RhoA, it can impact neuronal growth cone collapse induced by LPA through other mechanisms.
EXPERIMENTAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Eric Birgbauer
Summary: Lysophospholipids, particularly lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), play a crucial role in nerve system signaling by activating G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) to induce various physiological responses. Aberrant LPA receptor signaling may contribute to neuropathological conditions, with significant clinical implications.
NEUROMOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
E. Birgbauer, J. Chun
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2006)
Article
Neurosciences
E Birgbauer, TS Rao, M Webb
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
(2004)
Review
Cell Biology
SF Oster, A Deiner, E Birgbauer, DW Sretavan
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2004)
Article
Developmental Biology
E Birgbauer, SF Oster, CG Severin, DW Sretavan
Article
Developmental Biology
E Birgbauer, CA Cowan, DW Sretavan, M Henkemeyer
Article
Ophthalmology
Eric Birgbauer, Jerold Chun