Journal
DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES RESEARCH REVIEWS
Volume 17, Issue 2, Pages 71-84Publisher
WILEY-BLACKWELL
DOI: 10.1002/ddrr.1102
Keywords
neurobehavioral teratogens; infectious agents; antiepileptic drugs; substances of abuse; chemicals; ionizing radiation
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Neurobehavioral teratology refers to the study of the abnormal development of the structure and the behavioral functions of the central nervous system, which result from exposure to exogenous agents during prenatal development. The focus of this review is the effects of various prenatal exposures on human neurodevelopment. Studies that deal with the adverse effects of infectious agents (rubella, cytomegalovirus, and toxoplasma), teratogenic drugs (e.g., antiepileptic drugs such as phenytoin, valproate, and carbamazepine, coumarin derivatives, and retinoids), alcohol, and other substances of abuse will be reviewed. Additionally, prenatal exposure to industrial or environmental chemicals (e.g., lead, methylmercury, and polycarbonated biphenyls) as well as exposure of the embryo or fetus to high amounts of ionizing radiation will be addressed. Possible mechanisms of selected neurobehavioral teratogens will also be discussed. (C) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Disabil Res Rev 2011;17:71-84.
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