Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Kui Xu, Yan-rong Zhou, Hai-tao Shang, Chang-jiang Xu, Ran Tao, Wan-jun Hao, Sha-sha Liu, Yu-lian Mu, Shao-bo Xiao, Kui Li
Summary: In this study, essential residues involved in PRRSV infection were identified, with CD163 523-562 shown to be necessary for mediating PRRSV infection, and CD163 R561 contributing significantly to infection but not being essential. These findings contribute to the understanding of PRRSV infection mechanisms, and CD163-R561A pigs can serve as an important model for improving pig germplasm with resistance against PRRSV.
JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AGRICULTURE
(2023)
Article
Virology
Jiazeng Chen, Lingxue Yu, Yanjun Zhou, Shen Yang, Yun Bai, Qian Wang, Jinmei Peng, Tongqing An, Fei Gao, Liwei Li, Chao Ye, Changlong Liu, Guangzhi Tong, Xuehui Cai, Zhijun Tian, Yifeng Jiang
Summary: This study investigates the mechanisms of attenuation of highly pathogenic PRRSV and identifies the key gene and amino acids that regulate the virus's infection efficiency. The findings suggest that these factors not only affect the virus's ability to infect cells in vitro, but also impact its virulence.
Article
Virology
Min Zhu, Xiaoyang Li, Ruiqi Sun, Peidian Shi, Aiping Cao, Lilin Zhang, Yanyu Guo, Jinhai Huang
Summary: This study found that PRRSV infection significantly upregulates TFDP2, which in turn promotes virus proliferation by positively regulating cyclin A expression. This novel mechanism contributes to a better understanding of PRRSV pathogenesis.
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Yangli Pei, Chenghong Lin, Hua Li, Zheng Feng
Summary: This article provides an overview of the basic infection process, symptoms, immune mechanisms, noncoding RNA, and alternative splicing in PRRSV infection. It emphasizes the significant role of genetic background in susceptibility and resistance to PRRSV and its implications for individual treatment options.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Lu Zhang, Lizhen Wang, Shuaishuai Cao, Huanhuan Lv, Jingjing Huang, Guixi Zhang, Kaissar Tabynov, Qin Zhao, En-Min Zhou
Summary: PRRSV is a highly contagious virus causing enormous economic loss globally. Nanobodies, with their small size and high specificity, have been studied as diagnostic tools and treatments for many diseases. A nanobody containing porcine IgG Fc was designed to inhibit PRRSV replication in susceptible cells, showing potential for controlling and preventing susceptible pathogeneses.
VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Peter Oba, Michel M. Dione, Joseph Erume, Barbara Wieland, Christine Mutisya, Linnet Ochieng, Elizabeth A. J. Cook, Frank N. Mwiine
Summary: This study identified the co-circulation of two species of PRRSv in northern Uganda. PRRSv showed an association with lung pathology, suggesting it may be a significant cause of lung disease in pigs in Uganda, leading to production losses. Further investigations are needed to assess the potential economic impacts of PRRSv on pig productivity, and discussions about surveillance and vaccination strategies in Uganda.
BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Xin-xin Chen, Songlin Qiao, Rui Li, Jing Wang, Xuewu Li, Gaiping Zhang
Summary: By studying how PRRSV evades host immune responses, we can understand that the virus establishes long-term infection through various complex mechanisms, which is a major obstacle in controlling PRRS disease. Understanding the exact mechanisms of PRRSV immune evasion will contribute to the development of novel antiviral strategies.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Giulia D'Annunzio, Fabio Ostanello, Luisa Vera Muscatello, Massimo Orioles, Niccolo Jacumin, Nicola Tommasini, Giorgio Leotti, Andrea Luppi, Luciana Mandrioli, Giuseppe Sarli
Summary: This study examines the impact of Porcine Circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) on Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex (PRDC). The results show that PCV2 and PRRSV are the primary infections associated with PRDC in Italy, and co-infections can worsen the pathology. Therefore, selecting appropriate preventive measures is crucial.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Virology
Shengnan Ruan, Wenhui Ren, Bin Yu, Xuexiang Yu, Hao Wu, Wentao Li, Yunbo Jiang, Qigai He
Summary: In this study, a new TaqMan-based RT-qPCR assay was developed to detect and type the circulating PRRSV strains in Chinese swine populations. The assay showed high specificity, sensitivity, and concordance with reference assays, and could assist in monitoring PRRSV prevalence and implementing prevention and control strategies effectively.
Article
Immunology
Loic Vivien Bocard, Andrew Robert Kick, Corinne Hug, Heidi Erika Lisa Lischer, Tobias Kaser, Artur Summerfield
Summary: This study aimed to understand the nature of innate and adaptive immune responses to PRRSV, revealing differences in regulation by PRRSV-2 strains and MLV. Different PRRSV strains induced varied immune responses, impacting platelet activation, dendritic cell activity, interferon type I, and plasma cell responses. Correlations of BTMs with T-cell responses showed both positive and negative associations post-infection, indicating complexities in immune regulation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Rong Wang, Yueqiang Xiao, Qian Zhang, Liang Bai, Weirong Wang, Sihai Zhao, Enqi Liu
Summary: This study demonstrated that highly pathogenic PRRSV strain HuN4 induced significant secretion of HMGB1 and inflammatory cytokines in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), resulting in severe interstitial pneumonia in pigs. In contrast, infection with an avirulent PRRSV vaccine strain CH1R led to mild lung inflammation with minimal HMGB1 secretion.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Feng Long, Yating Chen, Kaichuang Shi, Yanwen Yin, Shuping Feng, Hongbin Si
Summary: PRRSV type 1 (European genotype) and PRRSV type 2 (North American genotype) are prevalent in China, and classical PRRSV (C-PRRSV), highly pathogenic PRRSV (HP-PRRSV), and NADC30-like PRRSV (NL-PRRSV) are the most common circulating strains. Multiplex real-time quantitative RT-PCR and multiplex Crystal digital RT-PCR were developed for the differential detection of these strains and showed high sensitivity, strong specificity, and excellent repeatability.
Article
Virology
Qiyun Ke, Kaiqi Duan, Yan Cheng, Si Xu, Shaobo Xiao, Liurong Fang
Summary: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a worldwide prevalent virus that causes significant economic losses to the swine industry. Current vaccines fail to effectively control PRRSV, therefore the development of safe and effective antiviral drugs is urgently needed. Sanguinarine, a natural alkaloid found in many plants including Macleaya cordata, has been demonstrated as a potent antagonist against PRRSV. It targets multiple stages of the viral life cycle and shows promising potential as a novel candidate for anti-PRRSV agents.
Article
Microbiology
Dike Jiang, Teng Tu, You Zhou, Yanwei Li, Yan Luo, Xueping Yao, Zexiao Yang, Meishen Ren, Yin Wang
Summary: This study investigated the PRRSV epidemic situation in Sichuan province, China, and identified HP-PRRSV as the predominant strain. A new PRRSV strain named SCSN2020 was isolated and characterized, showing high genomic similarity to the JXA1 strain. The study also demonstrated the pathogenicity of the SCSN2020 strain in piglets.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Yao Yao, Sihan Li, Yingqi Zhu, Yangyang Xu, Siyuan Hao, Shuyuan Guo, Wen-Hai Feng
Summary: miR-204 suppresses PRRSV replication by inhibiting LC3B-mediated autophagy, providing a potential approach for developing antiviral therapies and controlling PRRSV outbreaks.
Article
Virology
Jia Li, Dang Wang, Puxian Fang, Yu Pang, Yanrong Zhou, Liurong Fang, Shaobo Xiao
Summary: DDX21 plays an important role in regulating PRRSV proliferation through multiple mechanisms, promoting virus replication and stabilizing the expression of interferon antagonists. Additionally, PRRSV infection enhances DDX21 expression and its nucleus-to-cytoplasm translocation.
Article
Virology
Zhuang Li, Puxian Fang, Panpan Duan, Jiyao Chen, Liurong Fang, Shaobo Xiao
Summary: In this study, it was found that infection by porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) leads to a decrease in cellular histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity. The viral nonstructural protein 5 (nsp5), a 3C-like protease, cleaved HDAC2 during PDCoV infection. HDAC2 plays a role in inhibiting PDCoV replication. These findings suggest that cleaving HDAC2 may be a common strategy used by different mammalian coronaviruses, including the emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), to counteract the antiviral effects of HDAC2.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Xunlei Wang, Qin Jin, Wenwen Xiao, Puxian Fang, Liangxue Lai, Shaobo Xiao, Kepin Wang, Liurong Fang
Summary: This study identified the solute carrier family 35 member A1 (SLC35A1) as a host factor required for porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) infection by regulating cell surface sialic acid (SA). The study also discovered a potential SA-binding site in the N-terminal domain of PDCoV S1 subunit. Furthermore, different swine enteric coronaviruses showed differential dependence on SLC35A1 for infection. This study provides insights for developing antiviral drugs against PDCoV and deepens the understanding of the relationship between PDCoV and SA.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Jia Li, Yanrong Zhou, Wenkai Zhao, Jiao Liu, Rizwan Ullah, Puxian Fang, Liurong Fang, Shaobo Xiao
Summary: This study reveals that DDX10 expression has a significant effect against PRRSV, while its reduction promotes PRRSV proliferation. DDX10 exerts its antiviral effect by regulating type I interferon production. PRRSV infection induces the translocation of DDX10 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and blocks its antiviral effect through selective autophagy.
Article
Virology
Zhuang Li, Panpan Duan, Runhui Qiu, Liurong Fang, Puxian Fang, Shaobo Xiao
Summary: In this study, it was found that HDAC6 inhibits PDCoV replication by deacetylating and degrading viral nonstructural protein 8 (nsp8). Specific amino acid residues on nsp8 were identified as key sites for HDAC6-mediated degradation. These findings provide insights into the role of HDAC6 in regulating PDCoV infection and offer new strategies for anti-PDCoV drug development.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Yu Pang, Chenyu Li, Jiao Liu, Guanning Su, Chenrui Duan, Liurong Fang, Yanrong Zhou, Shaobo Xiao
Summary: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) promotes the uptake of glucose and glutamine for optimal replication, and it relies on glycolysis and the TCA cycle for energy production. Restricting the entry of glucose and glutamine, or inhibiting glycolysis and the TCA cycle, can reduce PRRSV proliferation.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Qiyun Ke, Kaiqi Duan, Yan Cheng, Si Xu, Shaobo Xiao, Liurong Fang
Summary: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a worldwide prevalent virus that causes significant economic losses to the swine industry. Current vaccines fail to effectively control PRRSV, therefore the development of safe and effective antiviral drugs is urgently needed. Sanguinarine, a natural alkaloid found in many plants including Macleaya cordata, has been demonstrated as a potent antagonist against PRRSV. It targets multiple stages of the viral life cycle and shows promising potential as a novel candidate for anti-PRRSV agents.
Article
Microbiology
Jiansong Zhang, Puxian Fang, Jie Ren, Sijin Xia, Huichang Zhang, Xuerui Zhu, Tong Ding, Shaobo Xiao, Liurong Fang
Summary: Since late 2010, a highly pathogenic variant of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) has caused significant economic losses in pig farms worldwide. The nonstructural protein 7 (nsp7) plays a crucial role in viral replication and transcription complex formation, but its function in coronavirus infection and pathogenesis is still unclear. This study reveals that PEDV nsp7 inhibits interferon beta (IFN-beta) production by competing with protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) for binding melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5), preventing MDA5 dephosphorylation and activation. Furthermore, the researchers found similar abilities in nsp7 orthologs of other coronaviruses, suggesting a common strategy used by these viruses to evade the host immune response.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Yanrong Zhou, Yang Li, Ran Tao, Jia Li, Liurong Fang, Shaobo Xiao
Summary: PRRSV infection and nsp5 overexpression activate incomplete autophagy by inhibiting the fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes. This is achieved by blocking the interaction of STX17 with SNAP29, leading to the impairment of autophagic flux.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Virology
Puxian Fang, Huichang Zhang, Ting Cheng, Tong Ding, Sijin Xia, Wenwen Xiao, Zhuang Li, Shaobo Xiao, Liurong Fang
Summary: This study reveals the interaction between accessory protein NS6 of Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) and VPS35, a subunit of the retromer complex, which is critical for PDCoV infection and replication. Knockdown of VPS35 inhibits wild-type PDCoV infection, demonstrating the proviral function of VPS35. Depletion of VPS35 prevents retrograde transport of PDCoV NS6, leading to lysosomal degradation and inhibition of viral production.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Tong Ding, Ting Cheng, Xuerui Zhu, Wenwen Xiao, Sijin Xia, Liurong Fang, Puxian Fang, Shaobo Xiao
Summary: Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a highly pathogenic enteric coronavirus that causes severe enteritis and lethal watery diarrhea in suckling piglets. In this study, it was found that exosomes from PEDV-infected cells contain viral genomic RNA and viral nucleocapsid protein, and these exosomes can transmit the virus to both susceptible and non-susceptible cells. This study reveals a potential immune evasion mechanism utilized by PEDV and provides new insight into the transmission and infection of this important pathogen.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Hejin Zhang, Kaiqi Duan, Yingbin Du, Shaobo Xiao, Liurong Fang, Yanrong Zhou
Summary: In this study, a recombinant PRRS virus (rPRRSV) was successfully generated using reverse genetics systems, and a restrictive endonucleases-free method based on CRISPR/Cas9 was developed to edit the PRRSV genome. The study provides a rapid and convenient approach for the development of genetically engineered vaccines against PRRSV and the exploration of PRRSV gene functions.
Article
Immunology
Wei Liu, Peizhao Jiang, Tao Song, Keli Yang, Fangyan Yuan, Ting Gao, Zewen Liu, Chang Li, Rui Guo, Shaobo Xiao, Yongxiang Tian, Danna Zhou
Summary: In this study, a multi-antigen chimera (L9m6) was constructed and its immunogenic and antigenic properties were assessed in a murine model. The chimeric vaccine induced significant cellular immune responses and high production of antibodies against Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, suggesting its potential for the prevention and control of porcine enzootic pneumonia.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Xiaoxia Fan, Caifeng Ren, Keke Ning, Mohamed. A. Shoala, Qiyun Ke, Yanrong Zhou, Yuan Wu, Runhui Qiu, Jiangong Liang, Shaobo Xiao
Summary: Chiral ZnO nanoparticles show outstanding antiviral properties, with their mechanism of action mainly related to cell adhesion and uptake.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Yunfei Xie, Chener Chen, Ding Zhang, Zhe Jiao, Yixi Chen, Gang Wang, Yubei Tan, Wanpo Zhang, Shaobo Xiao, Guiqing Peng, Yuejun Shi
Summary: This study verifies the importance of the active sites of EndoU in coronaviruses and finds that nsp15 antagonizes interferon response through its EndoU activity. However, compared to wild-type viruses, the propagation and pathogenicity of the EndoU-deficient viruses in immunocompetent cells remain unchanged.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Ratiporn Thongsoi, Siriluk Maskaew, Panumas Puechpon, Benjaporn Noppradit, Napassawan Inaek, Prapaporn Utarabhand, Phanthipha Runsaeng
Summary: In this study, a PPAE gene called FmPPAE1 was cloned and analyzed in banana shrimp. FmPPAE1 plays a vital role in regulating the proPO system, exhibits antibacterial properties, and contributes to the suppression of bacterial proliferation.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Fisheries
Jishuang Tan, Paizelaiti Sahaer, Huan Li, Wei Han, Hongyan Sun
Summary: Circular RNAs (circRNA) are involved in gene expression and affect cellular processes such as transcription, splicing, and translation by interacting with microRNA and RNA binding proteins. A study identified circDNAJB6 as a circular RNA abundant in chicken macrophages after bacterial infection, and found that circDNAJB6 exacerbates cellular injury and interacts with multiple miRNAs and target genes, potentially impacting autophagy and MAPK signaling pathways.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Fisheries
Rodrigo Guabiraba, Damaris Ribeiro Rodrigues, Paul T. Manna, Melanie Chollot, Vincent Saint-Martin, Sascha Trapp, Marisa Oliveira, Clare E. Bryant, Brian J. Ferguson
Summary: The innate immune response relies on the ability of host cells to detect and respond to microbial nucleic acids. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a crucial role in this process by distinguishing self from non-self. This study focused on TLR21, an avian TLR that recognizes bacterial DNA motifs. The findings suggest that avian TLR21 shares similar activation mechanisms to mammalian TLR9, highlighting the conservation of nucleic acid sensing mechanisms across species.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Fisheries
Safieh Zeinali, Kate Sutton, Lonneke Vervelde
Summary: Chickens have a unique immune structure characterized by the absence of draining lymph nodes and the presence of well-developed mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. The structure and development of chicken lymphoid tissues in the intestine, particularly Peyer's patches, have been poorly studied. However, the use of CSF1R-eGFP reporter transgenic chickens has allowed for the visualization and investigation of the development and distribution of these tissues. This research provides insights that could benefit mucosal vaccination strategies and the development of targeted vaccine delivery systems.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2024)
Retraction
Fisheries
G. -g. Li, Z. -z. Guo, X. -f. Ma, N. Cao, S. -n. Geng, Y. -q. Zheng, M. -j. Meng, H. -h. Lin, G. Han, G. -j. Du
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Fisheries
Jinyue Yang, Peng Zhou, Wanrong Wu, Qingxiang Zhang, Dong Chen, Rui Luo
Summary: This study cloned and characterized the full-length sequence of duck MRE11 (duMRE11) for the first time, and found that this protein plays an important role in the innate immune response of ducks.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Fisheries
Mengjiao Guo, Jiaqi Zhang, Mingtao Li, Xiaorong Zhang, Yantao Wu
Summary: rNLRC3 negatively regulates the NF -KB signaling pathway induced by P. multocida in rabbits by inhibiting the activation of NF -KB, reducing the expression of inflammatory cytokines, and interacting with rTRAF4 and rTRAF6. The NACHT-LRR domain is the functional domain of rNLRC3. These findings provide insights into the important role of rNLRC3 in combating P. multocida infection.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Fisheries
Yinan Li, Xingye Lian, Wenwen Yang, Jinyuan Leng, Jiejie Sun, Yu Liu, Siqi Fan, Lingling Wang, Linsheng Song
Summary: The DM9-containing protein CgDM9CP-7 plays an important role in the innate immune response of molluscs. It is constitutively expressed in various tissues and is up-regulated in haemocytes after stimulation by Vibrio splendidus and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). CgDM9CP-7 binds to various pathogens and exhibits antimicrobial activity, while also regulating the expression of CgMyD88 and CgIL-17.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Fisheries
Xiuwen Bao, Haoran Song, Liying He, Yong Li, Shuqi Niu, Jinlin Guo
Summary: This study focuses on the interaction between Hepialus xiaojinensis larvae and Ophiocordyceps sinensis during the infection process. The results show that the infected third instar larvae enhance antioxidant defense ability, while the infected fourth instar larvae reduce this ability and allocate more energy to growth and development.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2024)