Article
Neurosciences
Bokyung Song, Chong-Hyun Kim
Summary: The PLC81 null mouse model shows enhanced neurogenesis in the DG of the hippocampus, along with increased moving activity and seizures. The results suggest that PLC81 plays a cell-autonomous inhibitory role in the proliferation of adult neural stem/progenitor cells in vivo and the excitability of DG granule cells.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Tamas Papp, Zsuzsanna Ferenczi, Bernadette Szilagyi, Matyas Petro, Angelika Varga, Eva Kokai, Ervin Berenyi, Gabor Olah, Gabor Halmos, Peter Szucs, Zoltan Meszar
Summary: The regulation of neuronal differentiation and synaptogenesis requires precise coordination of intrinsic and extrinsic factors. While ultrasound is known to acutely alter neuronal migration and activity, its chronic effect on neuronal behavior or morphology is not well understood. This study investigated the neurobiological effects of high-frequency ultrasound on cortical pyramidal cell morphology in a transgenic mouse model, finding that low-intensity ultrasound stimulation led to increased dendritic branching and activation of certain signaling pathways.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hiroyuki Yajima, Izuki Amano, Sumiyasu Ishii, Tetsushi Sadakata, Wataru Miyazaki, Yusuke Takatsuru, Noriyuki Koibuchi
Summary: TH deficiency results in developmental delay in primary hippocampal neurons, likely caused by decreased Bdnf expression.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Ari Ogaki, Yuji Ikegaya, Ryuta Koyama
Summary: Researchers have developed a method to efficiently transplant human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived microglia (hiPSC-MG) into mouse hippocampal slice cultures, achieving a high replacement rate. The transplanted microglia changed their morphology and phagocytosed cell debris when neuronal death was induced. This method provides a useful ex vivo tool for evaluating the properties of hiPSC-MG.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Youtong Huang, Greg Lemke
Summary: Recurrent seizures, which may contribute to the pathogenesis and cognitive decline of Alzheimer's disease, are common in early-stage AD and mouse models that overproduce amyloid beta. In a study of the APP/PS1 mouse model, it was found that the mutation of TAM receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) Mer or its ligand Gas6 significantly increased the risk of early death, which was tied to violent seizures originating in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. TAM-deficient mice showed increased newborn DG neurons and excitatory synapses, coinciding with premature death and adult neurogenesis. In contrast, the incidence of lethal seizures was strongly anticorrelated with the deposition of dense-core amyloid plaques. These findings suggest that TAM-mediated phagocytosis influences synaptic connectivity in the hippocampus and that seizure-inducing amyloid beta polymers are present before the formation of dense-core plaques.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Leticia Rodrigues, Krista Mineia Wartchow, Michael Buchfelder, Diogo Onofre Souza, Carlos-Alberto Goncalves, Andrea Kleindienst
Summary: In this study, the researchers investigated the role of S100B, a neurotrophic protein, in brain injury and neuroregeneration. Using S100Btg mice with increased expression of the S100B gene, they found enhanced proliferation and migration of progenitor cells, as well as reduced levels of GFAP, ApoE, and BDNF in certain brain regions. The study highlights the importance of the S100Btg model in evaluating the role of S100B in neuroregenerative medicine.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Marina Rierola, Nataliya I. Trushina, Michael Holtmannspoetter, Rainer Kurre, Lidia Bakota
Summary: The morphology of neurons, including long axons and highly variable dendritic processes, plays a crucial role in neuronal function. Dendrites mediate synaptic input and require the bi-directional transport of molecules and organelles for their maintenance and plasticity. However, the analysis of dendritic transport lags behind axonal transport research and is challenging in tissue environments. In this study, the authors utilized advanced microscopy techniques to analyze the movement of truncated KIF1A motor proteins in dendritic processes and found detailed information about their speed, directionality, and interactions with dendritic spines.
BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Muhammad N. Arshad, Alejandro Pinto, Henriette van Praag, Janice R. Naegele
Summary: Adult neurogenesis in the rodent hippocampus is affected by seizures and can lead to hyperexcitable circuits. Transplantation of GABAergic interneurons from the medial ganglionic eminence (MGE) into the dentate gyrus (DG) of mice with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) can reduce seizures and form inhibitory connections with adult-born granule cells (GCs). This study found that TLE increased excitatory inputs onto adult-born GCs, but mice with MGE grafts showed reduced excitatory inputs and increased GABAergic interneuron innervation of GCs, suggesting that MGE grafts can prevent epilepsy-associated changes in adult-born GC connectivity.
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
M. Madrigal, P. Martin, F. Lamus, J. M. Fernandez, A. Gato, MI. Alonso
Summary: The adult mouse hippocampal neurogenic niche is a complex structure that is not fully understood. Neural precursors have been found in various areas of the adult mouse hippocampus, including the Subependymal Zone, Dentate Migratory Stream, and hilus, and they display dynamic behavior compatible with neurogenesis. This suggests that the adult hippocampal niche is not restricted to the dentate gyrus subgranular layer.
Article
Neurosciences
Catarina Orcinha, Antje Kilias, Enya Paschen, Marie Follo, Carola A. Haas
Summary: The loss of Reelin protein is associated with granule cell dispersion in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. By using organotypic hippocampal slice cultures from transgenic mice, it was shown that Reelin prevents the migration of granule cells towards the hilar region following treatment with kainate. Additionally, the signaling pathway of Reelin was found to be affected by kainate treatment, suggesting a key role of Reelin in maintaining granule cell lamination in the dentate gyrus.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Ping Qian, Feifei Ma, Wanyu Zhang, Dingding Cao, Luya Li, Zhuo Liu, Pei Pei, Ting Zhang, Shan Wang, Jianxin Wu
Summary: By studying a mouse exercise model, we found that exercise can alter the global status of lysine acetylation in the hippocampus and affect acetylated proteins associated with carbon metabolism, Hippo signaling pathway, ribosomes, and protein processing. Additionally, exercise also influences proteins in the complement and coagulation cascades pathway. These findings contribute to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the benefits of exercise for hippocampal function and can contribute to promoting public health.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hanqing Liu, Jingtian Zhou, Wei Tian, Chongyuan Luo, Anna Bartlett, Andrew Aldridge, Jacinta Lucero, Julia K. Osteen, Joseph R. Nery, Huaming Chen, Angeline Rivkin, Rosa G. Castanon, Ben Clock, Yang Eric Li, Xiaomeng Hou, Olivier B. Poirion, Sebastian Preissl, Antonio Pinto-Duarte, Carolyn O'Connor, Lara Boggeman, Conor Fitzpatrick, Michael Nunn, Eran A. Mukamel, Zhuzhu Zhang, Edward M. Callaway, Bing Ren, Jesse R. Dixon, M. Margarita Behrens, Joseph R. Ecker
Summary: The study comprehensively assessed the epigenomes of different cell types in the mouse brain, revealing the diversity and spatial organization of cell types, as well as the repetitive usage of regulators for distinguishing cell subtypes. By constructing an artificial neural network model, it is possible to accurately predict the cell type and spatial location of individual neurons in the brain.
Article
Cell Biology
Jasmin Weninger, Maurice Meseke, Shaleen Rana, Eckart Forster
Summary: Granule cell dispersion (GCD) may not always be disease-related and could reflect normal morphological variation. Pathological GCD may be caused by genetic mutations, while heat-shock can induce GCD and partial granule cell degeneration.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ingrid Zahn, Fabian Garreis, Martin Schicht, Vera Roetzer, Jens Waschke, Yuqiuhe Liu, Valerian L. Altersberger, Friedrich Paulsen, Jana Dietrich
Summary: A new 3D organotypic slice culture model of mouse meibomian glands (MGs) was established, which allows for the study of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) and dry eye disease (DED). The effects of melanocortins on exocrine secretion were investigated, potentially leading to new insights in the development of treatments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ji Yeon Hong, Jae-Jun Ban, Qing-Ling Quan, Ji-Eun Eom, Hee Soon Shin, Jin Ho Chung
Summary: Tomato and lemon extracts can reduce cellular oxidative stress and increase neurogenesis, while the mixture of the two shows synergistic effects in anti-oxidation and hippocampal neurogenesis.
Article
Neurosciences
Sara Bottes, Baptiste N. Jaeger, Gregor-Alexander Pilz, David J. Jorg, John Darby Cole, Merit Kruse, Lachlan Harris, Vladislav Korobeynyk, Izaskun Mallona, Fritjof Helmchen, Francois Guillemot, Benjamin D. Simons, Sebastian Jessberger
Summary: Researchers identified long-term self-renewing neural stem cells (NSCs) in the adult mouse hippocampus using intravital imaging and single-cell RNA sequencing. They found that Gli1-targeted NSCs exhibit long-term self-renewal, while Ascl1-targeted NSCs have limited proliferative activity before exhaustion. The study revealed the existence of heterogeneous NSC populations with diverse behavioral properties in contributing to neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Muhammad Khadeesh bin Imtiaz, Baptiste N. Jaeger, Sara Bottes, Raquel A. C. Machado, Mojca Vidmar, Darcie L. Moore, Sebastian Jessberger
Summary: Aging-related decline in neurogenesis in the mammalian hippocampus can be mediated by balancing the levels of nuclear lamina protein lamin B1 (LB1) and SUN-domain containing protein 1 (SUN1) in aged neural stem cells (NSCs). This balance restores the endoplasmic reticulum diffusion barrier strength associated with segregation of aging factors, leading to enhanced stem cell activity and neurogenesis. Virus-based restoration of LB1 expression in aged NSCs shows promising results in vitro and in vivo, highlighting a potential mechanism for combating age-related decline in hippocampal memory function.
Review
Neurosciences
Annina Denoth-Lippuner, Sebastian Jessberger
Summary: In this Review, recent advances in adult hippocampal neurogenesis in rodents are presented, focusing on the distinct developmental steps and regulatory mechanisms, as well as the impact of newborn neurons on brain function.
NATURE REVIEWS NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Lars N. Royal, Sebastian Jessberger
Summary: Somatic stem cells play vital roles in tissue development, homeostasis, and repair. Recent research indicates that the previous biographical experiences of individual stem cells can influence their behavior and responses to external stimuli. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying how past experiences guide future cellular behavior is a key direction for future research.
CURRENT OPINION IN CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Annina Denoth-Lippuner, Baptiste N. Jaeger, Tong Liang, Lars N. Royall, Stefanie E. Chie, Kilian Buthey, Diana Machado, Vladislav Korobeynyk, Merit Kruse, Clara M. Munz, Alexander Gerbaulet, Benjamin D. Simons, Sebastian Jessberger
Summary: By developing the iCOUNT tool, researchers have provided new insights into stem cell behavior and identified common molecular pathways in mouse and human cells through the analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing data.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Muhammad Ali, Kaja Falkenhain, Brendah N. Njiru, Muhammad Murtaza-Ali, Nancy E. Ruiz-Uribe, Mohammad Haft-Javaherian, Stall Catchers, Nozomi Nishimura, Chris B. Schaffer, Oliver Bracko
Summary: VEGF-A signalling contributes to blood-brain barrier permeability and capillary stalls in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Inhibiting VEGF-A signalling can reduce capillary stalls and increase cerebral blood flow.
Article
Neurosciences
Pierre Garcia, Wiebke Jurgens-Wemheuer, Oihane Uriarte Huarte, Alessandro Michelucci, Annette Masuch, Simone Brioschi, Andreas Weihofen, Eric Koncina, Djalil Coowar, Tony Heurtaux, Enrico Glaab, Rudi Balling, Carole Sousa, Tony Kaoma, Nathalie Nicot, Tatjana Pfander, Walter Schulz-Schaeffer, Ahmad Allouche, Nicolas Fischer, Knut Biber, Felix Kleine-Borgmann, Michel Mittelbronn, Marek Ostaszewski, Kristopher J. Schmit, Manuel Buttini
Summary: A key pathological process in Parkinson's disease is the transneuronal spreading of alpha-synuclein, but our study suggests that inclusion formation is not the major driver of neurodegeneration in the early stages. Instead, activated microglia, possibly through oligomeric alpha-syn, may play a key role in this process.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel Gonzalez-Bohorquez, Isabel M. Gallego Lopez, Baptiste N. Jaeger, Sibylle Pfammatter, Megan Bowers, Clay F. Semenkovich, Sebastian Jessberger
Summary: The fate and behavior of neural progenitor cells play crucial roles in mammalian brain development. This study reveals the importance of de novo lipogenesis, mediated by fatty acid synthase (FASN), in regulating progenitor cell polarity and proliferation during mouse and human brain development.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Finn Jelke, Giulia Mirizzi, Felix Kleine Borgmann, Andreas Husch, Redouane Slimani, Gilbert Georg Klamminger, Karoline Klein, Laurent Mombaerts, Jean-Jacques Gerardy, Michel Mittelbronn, Frank Hertel
Summary: Raman spectroscopy (RS) is an effective method for discriminating meningioma from healthy dura mater in fresh tissue samples, providing a quick and reliable diagnostic tool with potential for guided surgery.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Davide G. Franchina, Henry Kurniawan, Melanie Grusdat, Carole Binsfeld, Luana Guerra, Lynn Bonetti, Leticia Soriano-Baguet, Anouk Ewen, Takumi Kobayashi, Sophie Farinelle, Anna Rita Minafra, Niels Vandamme, Anais Carpentier, Felix K. Borgmann, Christian Jager, Ying Chen, Markus Kleinewietfeld, Vasilis Vasiliou, Michel Mittelbronn, Karsten Hiller, Philipp A. Lang, Dirk Brenner
Summary: This study reveals that deficiency of glutamate cysteine ligase (Gclc), the enzyme for glutathione synthesis, has differential impacts on the homeostasis of follicular and marginal zone B cells (FoB and MZB), specifically impairing FoB activation and downstream antiviral immunity.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bob Biewer, Felix Kleine-Borgmann, Gael P. Hammer, Eric H. Rompen, Michel Mittelbronn, Pascale Quatresooz
Summary: This study evaluated the influence of Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound (LIPUS) on bone regeneration in irradiated and non-irradiated rabbit tibias with non-critical-size defects. The results showed that LIPUS treatment significantly improved bone formation in non-irradiated bones, while its effects on irradiated bones were less clear. Further studies are needed to refine the understanding of these results.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Leonie Schumacher, Redouane Slimani, Laimdota Zizmare, Jakob Ehlers, Felix Kleine Borgmann, Julia C. Fitzgerald, Petra Fallier-Becker, Anja Beckmann, Alexander Grissmer, Carola Meier, Ali El-Ayoubi, Kavi Devraj, Michel Mittelbronn, Christoph Trautwein, Ulrike Naumann
Summary: The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a vital component for maintaining brain homeostasis by separating the circulating blood from the brain extracellular fluid. In glioblastoma (GBM), the BBB around the tumor is often disrupted due to the influence of GBM cells on pericytes, which play a crucial role in BBB integrity. TGF-beta, secreted by GBM cells, alters the function and metabolism of pericytes, leading to the disruption of the BBB.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Supriya Chakraborty, Zeynab Tabrizi, Nairuti Nikhil Bhatt, Sofia Andrea Franciosa, Oliver Bracko
Summary: Neutrophils, the most prevalent leukocytes in the bloodstream, play a crucial role in the initial defense against infections or injuries. They perform various functions, such as engulfing microorganisms, releasing inflammatory molecules, generating oxidative burst, and forming neutrophil extracellular traps. Recent studies have challenged the traditional view of neutrophils as static responders with a short lifespan, revealing their heterogeneity and dynamic response. This article focuses on discussing their involvement in aging and neurological disorders, particularly emphasizing their impact on chronic inflammation and contribution to neurological diseases. It concludes that reactive neutrophils directly contribute to increased vascular inflammation and age-related diseases.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Bob Biewer, Eric Rompen, Michel Mittelbronn, Gael P. Hammer, Pascale Quatresooz, Felix Kleine Borgmann
Summary: This in vivo study examined the effect of minocycline-HCl administration and calvaria perforation on extra-skeletal bone generation. The results showed a continuous increase in tissue fill over time in all groups. The combination of minocycline-HCl administration and calvaria perforation resulted in the strongest tissue augmentation and the most mineralized tissue, indicating an enhancing effect on vertical bone augmentation.
Article
Oncology
Ernesto Gargiulo, Elodie Viry, Pablo Elias Morande, Anne Largeot, Susanne Gonder, Feng Xian, Nikolaos Ioannou, Mohaned Benzarti, Felix Bruno Kleine Borgmann, Michel Mittelbronn, Gunnar Dittmar, Petr Nazarov, Johannes Meiser, Basile Stamatopoulos, Alan G. Ramsay, Etienne Moussay, Jerome Paggetti
Summary: This study investigated the interactions between cancer cells and the microenvironment using mouse models of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). It found that small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) derived from CLL tissue contain specific miRNA and immune-checkpoint ligands, which alter the function and exhaustion of CD8+ T cells. Blocking sEV biogenesis delayed CLL pathogenesis and high expression of sEV-related genes correlated with poor outcomes in CLL patients.
BLOOD CANCER DISCOVERY
(2023)