Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
John Terborgh, Lisa Davenport
Summary: By studying the populations of different predators in floodplain lakes in Peru's Manu National Park, it was found that giant otters have a higher energy requirement and are the dominant piscivore in lakes with resident families. The roles of other groups like birds and caimans still require further investigation, and lakes occupied by otters may be more productive based on indirect evidence.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tamara Burgos, Javier Salesa, Jose Maria Fedriani, Gema Escribano-Avila, Jose Jimenez, Miha Krofel, Inmaculada Cancio, Javier Hernandez-Hernandez, Javier Rodriguez-Siles, Emilio Virgos
Summary: The presence or absence of the Iberian lynx has significant impacts on the abundance and spatial avoidance mechanisms of two sympatric mesocarnivores, the stone marten and the common genet. The lynx can reduce mesocarnivore abundance by up to 10 times, with the stone marten completely avoiding the apex predator while the genet persists at lower densities within lynx territories by utilizing its preferred prey.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Markus Ost, Aleksi Lehikoinen, Kim Jaatinen
Summary: The study demonstrates that population performance is influenced by both predator-prey relationships and climate change, with potential negative impacts on the population as predation increases and climate warming effects weaken. The interacting effects of climate and biotic interactions on population dynamics underline the complexity of ecological responses to environmental changes.
Review
Marine & Freshwater Biology
D. G. George
Summary: This review uses examples from long-term studies in the English Lakes to highlight the limitations of top-down control in planktonic systems, particularly at the base of the food chain where there are significant differences in potential growth rates between phytoplankton and zooplankton. The importance of time in trophic interactions and the disruption of established patterns by changes in mixing intensity are demonstrated through the examples provided.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yonatan Vanunu, Jared M. Hotaling, Mike E. Le Pelley, Ben R. Newell
Summary: The study shows that initial attention in risky choice is driven by perceptual properties of the stimulus, while subsequent choices are more influenced by goal-driven factors. Options with the highest values and largest font sizes have the greatest impact on choice, while distractors may attract attention but do not affect actual decision-making.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Juan Diaz-Colunga, Nanxi Lu, Alicia Sanchez-Gorostiaga, Chang-Yu Chang, Helen S. Cai, Joshua E. Goldford, Mikhail Tikhonov, Alvaro Sanchez
Summary: Microbial communities frequently invade one another as a whole, a phenomenon known as community coalescence. This study provides direct evidence that collective invasions can lead to ecological coselection in microbial communities due to cross-feeding interactions at the community level.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
T. Burr, S. Croft, A. Favalli, T. Krieger, B. Weaver
Summary: This paper reviews progress and presents new results for uncertainty quantification in nuclear safeguards, focusing on data-driven choices in SD estimation, the use of approximate Bayesian computation, computational calibration, revisions to the GUM, and critique of a Unified Theory of Measurement Errors and Uncertainties.
CHEMOMETRICS AND INTELLIGENT LABORATORY SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
David J. Degnan, Lisa M. Bramer, Amanda M. White, Mowei Zhou, Aivett Bilbao, Lee Ann McCue
Summary: Visual examination of mass spectrometry data is crucial for evaluating data quality and aiding data exploration. However, the limitations of proteomics visualization software make visual inspection of LC-MS data challenging. PSpecteR, an open-source and interactive R Shiny web application, supports various proteomics data processing steps and overcomes these limitations.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biology
Hajo Eicken, Finn Danielsen, Josephine-Mary Sam, Maryann Fidel, Noor Johnson, Michael K. Poulsen, Olivia A. Lee, Katie Spellman, Lisbeth Iversen, Peter Pulsifer, Martin Enghoff
Summary: Effective responses to rapid environmental change rely on observations to inform planning and decision-making. Comparing top-down, large-scale program driven approaches with bottom-up approaches initiated and steered at the community level can yield benefits, especially when connecting to Indigenous and local knowledge.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Gyurim Park, Dong Yeon Jeong, Seung Yeon Yu, Jong Jin Park, Jong H. Kim, Hoichang Yang, Youngmin You
Summary: This research demonstrates an advancement in the engineering of emitters with circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) properties. By utilizing a combined top-down and bottom-up strategy, the photoluminescence quantum yield and the luminescence dissymmetry factor were simultaneously amplified. The integration of chiral anions and the formation of helical assemblies of square-planar Pt(II) complexes played crucial roles in activating the CPL-active metal-metal-to-ligand charge transfer transition.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Andreas Froemelt, Arne Geschke, Thomas Wiedmann
Summary: This article discusses a highly detailed, spatially-resolved modelling framework that quantifies local activities and analyzes system-wide environmental and economic effects of planned interventions. Two case studies were conducted to examine production-based greenhouse gas emissions, consumption-based carbon footprints, and regional differences in Switzerland. The importance of providing regionalized information along economic value chains and the potential benefits and drawbacks of detailed scenarios were highlighted.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Margarita Brandt, Isabel Silva-Romero, David Fernandez-Garnica, Esteban Agudo-Adriani, Colleen B. Bove, John F. Bruno
Summary: This study found that nutrient availability, temperature, and herbivory all have impacts on macroalgal biomass. Excluding herbivores significantly increased macroalgal biomass, regardless of season or nutrient availability. However, the interactive effects of nutrients and herbivores differed between the cool and warm seasons. The results suggest that nutrient availability, rather than temperature, modulates the effects of herbivory.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Konrad Winkels, Tomas Koudelka, Philipp T. Kaulich, Matthias Leippe, Andreas Tholey
Summary: Top-down proteomics (TDP) can provide additional information about post-translational modifications and C-termini. In this study, TDP workflows were used to analyze the proteome of Caenorhabditis elegans, and the identified proteoforms were validated using a bottom-up proteomics (BUP) approach. The results showed low overlap between the two methods, with caveats in both workflows contributing to this. The study also demonstrated the applicability of reductive dimethylation in TDP to confirm biological N-termini.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Aldo Renato Couto, Felipe Rebello Lourenco
Summary: This paper aims to estimate the measurement uncertainty of the quantification of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and salicylic acid (SA) in ASA samples using a stability-indicating multivariate spectrophotometric procedure. The measurement uncertainties were estimated using both top-down and bottom-up approaches, considering various sources of uncertainty. The developed methodology allows for the estimation of measurement uncertainty in multivariate spectrophotometric analysis.
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Yingwei Pan, Yehao Li, Ting Yao, Tao Mei
Summary: This article discusses a technique for image captioning that utilizes a bottom-up and top-down attention mechanism to select and describe salient objects based on human subjective experience. The proposed approach uses the object sequence of interest as top-down signals to guide caption generation and incorporates an attention mechanism to integrate bottom-up and top-down signals. It also introduces a contrastive learning-based objective to ensure reliable and explainable cross-modal reasoning.
ACM TRANSACTIONS ON MULTIMEDIA COMPUTING COMMUNICATIONS AND APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Oceanography
Jason A. Law, Robert H. Weisberg, Yonggang Liu, Dennis A. Mayer, Jeffrey C. Donovan
Summary: Time series data from a moored array of sensors are used to describe the long-term mean circulation and seasonal variations on the West Florida Continental Shelf. The observations reveal a coherent shelf-wide circulation pattern with alongshore and down-coast flow, and a coastal jet separating an upwelling region from a downwelling region influenced by the deeper ocean.
DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
(2024)