Journal
CYTOKINE
Volume 59, Issue 2, Pages 237-244Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2012.04.021
Keywords
Clonorchis sinensis; Extracellular signal-regulated kinase; Interleukin-10; c-Jun N-terminal kinase; Tumor growth factor-beta
Funding
- Seoul National University Hospital Research Fund [04-2009-011-9]
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Parasitic helminths are well-known to have the ability to modulate host immune responses. In this study, we investigated the fundamental immunoregulatory mechanism of the liver fluke Clonorchis sinensis (C sinensis) using a murine macrophage RAW 264.7 (RAW) cell line and mouse bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDMs). We found that C sinensis crude antigen (CA) is able to differentiate macrophage RAW cells into dendritic-like cells that can be detected by morphological observations. In addition, CA induces prominent secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10 and TGF-beta; however, we did not observe changes in cell surface markers that are involved in antigen recognition, antigen presentation, and T cell activation. Additionally, CA treatment induced ERK and JNK phosphorylation, and unexpectedly, elevated levels of IL-10 and TGF-beta were inhibited by the addition of an ERK-specific inhibitor. Taken together, these data demonstrate that CA from C. sinensis may modulate host immune responses by upregulating anti-inflammatory cytokines via the regulation of ERK. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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