Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sharma Arvind Virendra, Ankur Kumar, Pooja A. Chawla, Narsimha Mamidi
Summary: The family of nuclear peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR alpha, PPAR beta/delta, and PPAR gamma) regulate various functions in the body and have been investigated for therapeutic potential in different diseases. Medicinal chemists are working on finding novel compounds that may act as PPAR agonists for drug development. Studies on structure-activity relationship and docking are being conducted to better understand the mechanisms behind potential PPAR ligands.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Min Yee Ng, Taichen Lin, Shih-Chi Chao, Pei-Ming Chu, Cheng-Chia Yu
Summary: Diabetes is a major health burden globally, impacting periodontitis. Traditional periodontal treatments focus on reducing bacterial load, but may not fully resolve the issue. Natural compounds with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diabetic properties could be a new approach for treating diabetes-associated periodontitis.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Syed Afroz Ali, Gurpreet Singh, Ashok Kumar Datusalia
Summary: Natural products have been studied for their multi-targeted activities and immunomodulatory properties, showing anti-inflammatory, phagocytosis induction, and immune cell stimulation activities to reduce inflammation, prevent disease progression, and enhance treatment efficacy. However, the exact mechanisms of immunomodulation require further investigation.
PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Kiran Thakur, Heena Khan, Amarjot Kaur Grewal, Thakur Gurjeet Singh
Summary: Orphan receptors, a subsection of nuclear receptors, have been linked to neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases. PPAR gamma, NR4As, and orphan GPCRs hold high potential as therapeutic targets for preventing these disorders.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhengyan Zhang, Di Yang, Junwei Xiang, Jingwen Zhou, Hua Cao, Qishi Che, Yan Bai, Jiao Guo, Zhengquan Su
Summary: Thermogenic organs in mammals play a crucial role in increasing heat production and energy regulation. Targeting specific signalling pathways to enhance energy expenditure via brown adipose tissue may be a potential strategy for treating obesity and related diseases. Studies have shown that various natural products can promote thermogenesis through different signalling pathways, offering potential for future research on weight-loss nutraceuticals or drugs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Falguni Pattnaik, Sonil Nanda, Shobhangam Mohanty, Ajay K. Dalai, Vivek Kumar, Senthil Kumar Ponnusamy, Satyanarayan Naik
Summary: This article reviews the bioactive constituents of Cannabis, interactions with different receptors, and the significance of these interactions in treating various diseases. It also discusses the extraction techniques, medicinal properties, recreational usage, and legalization of Cannabis-derived products.
Review
Immunology
Maria Karvouni, Marcos Vidal-Manrique, Andreas Lundqvist, Evren Alici
Summary: Cell therapy is an innovative approach that involves implanting, infusing, or grafting viable cells into a patient's body to treat damaged or malignant tissues. CAR-T cell therapy, which involves genetically modifying patient T cells to target tumor-specific antigens, has shown high objective response rates in clinical trials. However, T cell toxicity and the challenges of personalized therapy manufacturing limit their widespread use. Recent research suggests that NK cells offer a potentially safer and off-the-shelf treatment alternative.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mi Eun Kim, Dae Hyun Kim, Jun Sik Lee
Summary: Inflammation exacerbates systemic pathophysiological conditions and chronic inflammation is a sustained and systemic phenomenon that aggravates aging that can lead to chronic age-related diseases. The accumulation and mechanisms of SIRT1, NF-kappa B, and FoxO-mediated inflammatory processes and cellular proinflammatory signaling pathways are described. The proinflammatory mechanisms underlying metabolic molecular pathways in various diseases such as liver cancer and diabetes are also discussed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ashok Kumar, Vihang A. Narkar
Summary: This review proposes nuclear receptors as potential candidates for ischemic muscle repair in peripheral arterial disease (PAD), focusing on their roles in muscle angiogenesis, oxidative metabolism, mitochondrial biogenesis, and muscle regeneration. The article also identifies gaps in our understanding of nuclear receptor signaling in skeletal muscle and suggests future research directions.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ziad Sartawi, Caroline Blackshields, Waleed Faisal
Summary: This review discusses the recent developments and trends of dissolving microneedles as a drug delivery system, highlighting their advantages over coated and hollow microneedles. It emphasizes the potential applications of dissolving microneedles in various therapeutic areas and addresses current trends in the microneedle landscape, including clinical trials and commercial successes.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Mirco Plante
Summary: Synthetic biology is an emerging research field that aims to understand, modify, and create new biological entities by adopting a modular and systemic approach. This discipline has generated diverse approaches, bringing together practices and conceptualizations from various disciplines, which can lead to confusion within the field. This manuscript provides an epistemological analysis of synthetic biology to better define its objects of study and specific objectives.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Mukha, Eric Kalkhoven, Saskia W. C. van Mil
Summary: This review discusses the splice variants of metabolic nuclear receptors and their regulation of different metabolic pathways by nutritional signals. These NR splice variants add an intriguing new layer of complexity to metabolic signaling.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE
(2021)
Review
Ophthalmology
Mayur Choudhary, Goldis Malek
Summary: The largest family of transcription factors in the human genome, nuclear receptors, have traditionally been known for their role in steroid and hormone sensing in endocrine organs. However, recent studies have discovered high expression levels of nuclear receptors in cells throughout the eye, suggesting their involvement in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and other ocular diseases. This review explores the significance of these receptors in the context of AMD and discusses their potential as therapeutic targets for this prevalent vision impairment disease.
PROGRESS IN RETINAL AND EYE RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hu Liu, Lee J. Johnston, Fenglai Wang, Xi Ma
Summary: The Nrf2/ARE pathway plays a critical role in protecting against cellular stress and inflammation in diseases like ulcerative colitis. Both Keap1-dependent and Keap1-independent cascades have been proposed to positively affect the activation of this pathway. Nutritional compounds have the potential to modulate the activation of Nrf2/ARE pathway and may be used for therapeutic applications in UC.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jaclyn N. Highland, Panos Zanos, Lace M. Riggs, Polymnia Georgiou, Sarah M. Clark, Patrick J. Morris, Ruin Moaddel, Craig J. Thomas, Carlos A. Zarate, Edna F. R. Pereira, Todd D. Gould
Summary: HNKs are metabolites of ketamine that have potential antidepressant and other physiological effects, with a focus on the antidepressant actions and mechanisms of (2R,6R)-HNK.
PHARMACOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2021)
