Review
Neurosciences
Giulia Costa, Krystyna Golembiowska
Summary: Studies suggest that MDMA, commonly known as 'ecstasy', not only has abuse potential, but may also cause acute and persistent central level abnormalities with demonstrated neurotoxic effects in experimental animals. This could pose serious health risks since MDMA is frequently used recreationally by young and adult individuals.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
D. J. Heal, J. Gosden, S. L. Smith, C. K. Atterwill
Summary: Research on classical psychedelics and entactogen has led to a revival in the search for more effective drugs to treat psychiatric, neurological, and peripheral disorders. These drugs interact with serotonergic receptors and may have safety and toxicity risks that need to be addressed through non-clinical testing. The goal is to develop safer and more effective psychedelics for clinical use.
Article
Immunology
Seyyed Majid Eslami, Laleh Khorshidi, Maryam Ghasemi, Amir Rashidian, Mahdi Mirghazanfari, Akram Nezhadi, Mohsen Chamanara, Ruhollah Mirjani
Summary: The study demonstrated that MDMA impairs spatial memory and increases oxidative stress and apoptotic activities in the hippocampus of rats. However, atorvastatin and rosuvastatin were found to improve memory performance and inhibit the harmful effects induced by MDMA. This suggests that these statins have protective effects against MDMA-induced cognitive impairment and neurotoxicity.
INFLAMMOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Kai Wang, Lei Qiu, Junjia Zhu, Qi Sun, Wei Qu, Yifeng Yu, Zhenguo Zhao, Yifeng Yu, Guoyi Shao
Summary: BPA treatment results in increased intestinal permeability, activation of oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis, ultimately disrupting intestinal barrier function.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Amritha A. Candadai, Fang Liu, Arti Verma, Mir S. Adil, Moaddey Alfarhan, Susan C. Fagan, Payaningal R. Somanath, S. Priya Narayanan
Summary: The study indicates the neuroprotective effects of FTY in an in vitro model of optic neuritis, showing reduced neuronal death, attenuated changes in cell survival and stress signaling molecules, and protection against neurodegenerative changes induced by TNF alpha.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nieves Peltzer
Summary: This study found that M1-ubiquitination plays a protective role in cellular stress and can activate the NF-kappa B transcription factor. These findings may have important implications for the use of HOIP inhibitors in cancer treatment.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rebeca Alvarino, Eva Alonso, Jioji N. Tabudravu, Nadia Perez-Fuentes, Amparo Alfonso, Luis M. Botana
Summary: The oceans contain a large reservoir of molecules with unknown bioactivities that may be useful for treating incurable diseases. Fijian compounds show neuroprotective potential against neurodegenerative diseases by modulating key mechanisms in cells.
ACS CHEMICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrea Sanchez-Navarro, Adrian Rafael Murillo-de-Ozores, Rosalba Perez-Villalva, Nadyeli Linares, Hector Carbajal-Contreras, Maria Elena Flores, Gerardo Gamba, Maria Castaneda-Bueno, Norma A. Bobadilla
Summary: This study demonstrates the relocation of serpinA3c/k to the apical tubular membrane in chronic kidney disease and its increased secretion during cellular stress. Atypical urinary excretion of serpinA3c/k was also observed in acute kidney injury, suggesting its potential as a biomarker for AKI.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Wanyang Li, Wei Chen
Summary: Due to the obesity epidemic, more people are concerned about weight loss; however, weight regain is common and has severe metabolic consequences. Weight cycling alters body composition, leading to fat accumulation, muscle loss, and increased permeability of the small intestine. This causes inflammation, oxidative stress, and immune cell infiltration, triggering metabolic complications. Inhibiting metabolic inflammation and enhancing the immune microenvironment of adipose and muscle tissues may be key in addressing weight cycling.
NUTRITION & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kenneth R. Olson, Paul J. Derry, Thomas A. Kent, Karl D. Straub
Summary: Nutraceuticals are popular dietary supplements that are ingested for their health benefits, in addition to their nutritional value. Recent studies suggest that they can have positive effects on various organ systems and pathophysiological conditions. The activation of the Keap1/Nrf2 axis by nutraceuticals, through increasing reactive sulfur species, offers a potential avenue for developing more effective antioxidant therapeutic strategies.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hui Li, Wen Wen, Jia Luo
Summary: This article summarizes the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in alcoholic pancreatitis and discusses potential therapeutic strategies targeting this stress response.
Article
Toxicology
Liliana Capinha, Paul Jennings, Jan N. M. Commandeur
Summary: Bioactivation of trichloroethylene (TCE) through glutathione conjugation can cause adverse effects in the kidney and other extrahepatic tissues. Among the three regioisomeric conjugates formed, only 1,2-trans-DCVG and its corresponding cysteine-conjugate have been extensively studied. This study investigates the metabolism and cellular effects of 1,2-cis-DCVG and 1,2-cis-DCVC for the first time, revealing lower toxicity and slower formation rate for 1,2-cis-DCVC compared to 1,2-trans-DCVC.
TOXICOLOGY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Tonje Sonstevold, Nikolai Engedal, Maria Lyngaas Torgersen
Summary: The nanoparticle drug delivery vehicle poly(butyl cyanoacrylate) (PBCA) perturbs redox homeostasis in human epithelial cells, leading to divergent effects on autophagy depending on the concentration used. Specifically, low concentrations of PBCA promoted functional autophagy, while high concentrations inhibited autophagy. The autophagy-modifying effect of PBCA depended on the severity of redox perturbation and involved activation of MAP kinase signaling cascades.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ahmed Mohamed Nabil Helaly, Doaa Shame El Din Ghorab
Summary: Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disease that features accelerated ageing. Metabolic disease criteria align closely with those of schizophrenia, with disturbances in energy and mitochondria being at the core of its complex pathology. Genetic and environmental factors interact, leading to changes in redox, inflammation, and apoptosis. Breaking this cycle requires advancements in technology and multi-disciplinary fields.
METABOLIC BRAIN DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Carola Murano, Anna Palumbo, Serena Leone
Summary: Over the past decade, the biological impact of microplastics in marine environments has become a global concern. Many lethal and sublethal effects related to microplastic toxicity are believed to be triggered by oxidative stress and activated pathways. However, our knowledge of the physiological effects of microplastics and the response of the antioxidant system in benthic species is limited. Our study investigates the effects of short-term exposure on the levels of two fundamental nonprotein antioxidants, glutathione (GSH) and ovothiol (OSH), in different tissues of Mytilus galloprovincialis.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
(2023)
