Article
Ophthalmology
Fabian A. Braeu, Thanadet Chuangsuwanich, Tin A. Tun, Shamira Perera, Rahat Husain, Alexandre H. Thiery, Tin Aung, George Barbastathis, Michael J. A. Girard
Summary: Using artificial intelligence techniques, the study aims to assess the robustness of the optic nerve head (ONH) by analyzing biomechanical knowledge through optical coherence tomography (OCT). Three AI algorithms were compared to predict ONH robustness and the DGCNN algorithm outperformed the others. The study suggests that ONH robustness can be assessed from a single OCT scan, providing potential insights into identifying fast visual field loss progressors.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lei Guo, Jun Tao, Yang Tong, Shichao Chen, Xin Zhao, Rui Hua
Summary: This study investigated the morphological and vascular characteristics of the optic nerve head (ONH) in normal guinea pigs using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). The results showed significant differences in refractive error, intraocular pressure (IOP), and circumpapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (cpRNFL) thickness between the 3-week and 4-week groups. There were no significant differences in vascular characteristics between the two groups, but a positive correlation was found between total vessel length and cpRNFL thickness, and a negative correlation was found between total vessel length and IOP.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Golnoush Mahmoudinezhad, Mark Lin, Alessandro Rabiolo, Esteban Morales, Pradtana Hirunpatravong, Farideh Sharifipour, Joseph Caprioli
Summary: The presence of an acquired pit of the optic nerve in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma is associated with fast rates of visual field decay. Identifying patients with this condition may indicate a need for aggressive treatment to slow down the progression of their glaucoma.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Diana C. Lozano, Hari Jayaram, William O. Cepurna, Shandiz Tehrani, Lina Gao, Suzanne S. Fei, Dongseok Choi, Elaine C. Johnson, John C. Morrison
Summary: The purpose of this study was to clarify the gene expression responses in the optic nerve head (ONH) associated with single exposure to elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) in relation to chronic models of elevated IOP. The findings showed that the gene expression changed over time in the PT-CEI model, including upregulation of defense response, cell cycle, and immune response-related genes. These results contribute to a better understanding of optic nerve damage.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Ziyi Zhu, Susannah Waxman, Bo Wang, Jacob Wallace, Samantha E. Schmitt, Elizabeth Tyler-Kabara, Hiroshi Ishikawa, Joel S. Schuman, Matthew A. Smith, Gadi Wollstein, Ian A. Sigal
Summary: The study found that changes in IOP and ICP significantly deformed the scleral canal and lamina of the monkey ONH. There were individualized responses to pressure manipulation between eyes, and significant interactions between the effects of IOP and ICP on LC depth, BMO area, aspect ratio and planarity. Overall, elevating both pressures did not cancel out the effects in most eyes.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Mona Safizadeh, Amirreza Shaabani, Alireza Kamalipour, Masoud Aghsaei Fard, Kaileen Yeh, Mehdi Yaseri, Nikoo Hamzeh, Nassim Khatibi, Harsha Laxmana Rao, Robert Weinreb, Sasan Moghimi
Summary: OCTA can be used to detect reduced capillary density in fellow eyes of PXG patients, enabling earlier detection of glaucomatous loss in pseudoexfoliation disease and enhancing disease management.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Casey J. Keuthan, Julie A. Schaub, Meihan Wei, Weixiang Fang, Sarah Quillen, Elizabeth Kimball, Thomas V. Johnson, Hongkai Ji, Donald J. Zack, Harry A. Quigley
Summary: The level of intraocular pressure (IOP) is a major risk factor for glaucomatous optic neuropathy. This study found that the unmyelinated optic nerve region is differentially susceptible to IOP-induced damage compared to the myelinated region. Gene expression patterns in the unmyelinated optic nerve showed significant differences compared to the myelinated optic nerve and retina. Changes in gene expression induced by optic nerve injury were more extensive in the myelinated region than the unmyelinated region.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Thanadet Chuangsuwanich, Tin A. Tun, Fabian A. Braeu, Xiaofei Wang, Zhi Yun Chin, Satish K. Panda, Martin Buist, Dan Milea, Nicholas Strouthidis, Shamira Perera, Monisha Esther Nongpiur, Tin Aung, Michael J. A. Girard
Summary: This study aimed to assess the strains in optic nerve head (ONH) induced by intraocular pressure (IOP) and gaze in subjects with high-tension glaucoma (HTG) and normal-tension glaucoma (NTG). The results showed that NTG subjects experienced higher strains due to gaze, while HTG subjects experienced higher strain due to IOP elevation, and these differences were most pronounced in the lamina cribrosa (LC) tissue.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Ji-Ah Kim, Eun Ji Lee, Tae-Woo Kim, Hee Kyung Yang, Jeong-Min Hwang
Summary: The microvasculature of the optic nerve head and peripapillary tissues in eyes with normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) and nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) was compared using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Despite similar levels of retinal nerve fiber layer loss and vessel density decreases in the peripapillary retina, there were differences in vessel densities in the optic nerve head between NTG and NAION eyes, suggesting distinct mechanisms of vascular impairment and optic nerve head damage in each condition.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Eugene A. Lowry, Steven L. Mansberger, Stuart K. Gardiner, Hongli Yang, Facundo Sanchez, Juan Reynaud, Shaban Demirel, Claude F. Burgoyne, Brad Fortune
Summary: The frequency and severity of optic nerve head prelaminar schisis were found to be greater in glaucoma and glaucoma suspect eyes compared to healthy control eyes, and were associated with markers of glaucoma severity.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Youichi Shinozaki, Alex Leung, Kazuhiko Namekata, Sei Saitoh, Huy Bang Nguyen, Akiko Takeda, Yosuke Danjo, Yosuke M. Morizawa, Eiji Shigetomi, Fumikazu Sano, Nozomu Yoshioka, Hirohide Takebayashi, Nobuhiko Ohno, Takahiro Segawa, Kunio Miyake, Kenji Kashiwagi, Takayuki Harada, Shin-ichi Ohnuma, Schuichi Koizumi
Summary: Loss of ABCA1 in retinal astrocytes causes glaucoma-like optic neuropathy in aged mice, leading to retinal ganglion cell degeneration and ocular dysfunction.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Diana Marcela Munoz Sarmiento, Oscar Libardo Rodriguez Montano, Juan David Alarcon Castiblanco, Carlos Julio Cortes Rodriguez
Summary: This study compared the effects of intraocular pressure (IOP) and horizontal eye movements on optic nerve head (ONH) strains by using a tridimensional finite element model. The results showed no significant differences in lamina cribrosa (LC) strains between eye rotation and IOP variation. However, LC strains varied after a 12 degrees duction and after the IOP reached 12 mmHg. Furthermore, lateral eye movements caused significant strain dispersion inside ONH subregions, which was not observed with increased IOP. Tissue stiffness and the subarachnoid space (SAS) also influenced ONH strains during eye movements and ocular hypertension. In conclusion, the biomechanical effects of horizontal eye movements and IOP on the ONH are distinct, suggesting a limited role of eye movements in glaucoma development.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jung Lo, Kamakshi Mehta, Armaan Dhillon, Yu-Kai Huang, Ziming Luo, Mi-Hyun Nam, Issam Al Diri, Kun-Che Chang
Summary: Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative eye disease characterized by RGC loss and optic nerve degeneration. Treatment options are currently limited to lowering intraocular pressure, but gene therapy and stem cell-based therapies show promise for optic nerve regeneration.
MOLECULAR ASPECTS OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Rami Darwich, Faisal Jarrar, Mustafa Syed, Glen P. Sharpe, Balwantray C. Chauhan
Summary: Both spectral-domain (SD) and swept-source (SS) optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed similar visualization of optic nerve head (ONH) structures, with a tendency for higher visualization rates with SS-OCT.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Andrea E. Dillinger, Gregor R. Weber, Matthias Mayer, Magdalena Schneider, Corinna Goeppner, Andreas Ohlmann, Mikhail Shamonin, Gareth J. Monkman, Rudolf Fuchshofer
Summary: Primary open-angle glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease that is associated with structural changes in the optic nerve head and extracellular matrix. The molecular factors involved in this remodeling process, particularly TGF-beta 2 and CCN2/CTGF, play important roles in the pathogenesis of the disease. Understanding the function of CCN2/CTGF in normal and pathological conditions could provide insights into the development of new therapeutic approaches for glaucoma.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Xiaofei Wang, Tin A. Tun, Monisha Esther Nongpiur, Hla M. Htoon, Yih Chung Tham, Nicholas G. Strouthidis, Tin Aung, Ching-Yu Cheng, Michael J. A. Girard
Summary: This study compared the shape of the anterior surface of the peripapillary sclera (PPS) between glaucoma and healthy subjects and found that the V-shaped configuration of the PPS was more pronounced in glaucoma eyes than in healthy eyes. This may have an impact on the biomechanical environment of the optic nerve head.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Satish K. Panda, Haris Cheong, Tin A. Tun, Sripad K. Devella, Vijayalakshmi Senthil, Ramaswami Krishnadas, Martin L. Buist, Shamira Perera, Ching-Yu Cheng, Tin Aung, Alexandre H. Thiery, Michael J. A. Girard
Summary: This study develops a novel deep-learning approach for describing the structural phenotype of the glaucomatous optic nerve head (ONH) and serving as a robust glaucoma diagnosis tool. By analyzing the latent parameters, it reveals the changes in ONH morphology during the transition from a non-glaucoma to a glaucoma condition.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Xiaofei Wang, Stanley Chang, Jack Grinband, Lawrence A. Yannuzzi, K. Bailey Freund, Quan Hoang, Michael J. A. Girard
Summary: The axial length is longer in highly myopic eyes and the adjusted tortuosity of the optic nerve is lower, suggesting higher traction forces during eye movements. Optic nerve displacements differ significantly between adduction and abduction, with smaller displacements in highly myopic eyes. Additionally, posterior segment displacements are smaller in highly myopic eyes in both gaze directions, with larger displacements in the anterior-most segment during adduction.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Thanadet Chuangsuwanich, Tin A. Tun, Fabian A. Braeu, Xiaofei Wang, Zhi Yun Chin, Satish Kumar Panda, Martin Buist, Nicholas Strouthidis, Shamira Perera, Monisha Nongpiur, Tin Aung, Michael J. A. Girard
Summary: The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between optic nerve head strains under intraocular pressure elevation and retinal sensitivity in glaucoma patients. A clinic-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 229 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma, divided into high-tension glaucoma (HTG) and normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) groups. The results showed significant negative associations between optic nerve head strains and retinal sensitivity in patients with HTG, while no significant associations were observed in patients with NTG except in certain regions of the lamina cribrosa.
Meeting Abstract
Critical Care Medicine
Christopher James, Michael J. Girard, Alejandro Dominguez, Adam Koller, Raul Alonso
Meeting Abstract
Critical Care Medicine
Joseph Knipe, Shannon N. Mohabir, Michael J. Girard, Marquand Patton
Article
Clinical Neurology
Michael J. A. Girard, Satish Panda, Tin Aung Tun, Elisabeth A. Wibroe, Raymond P. Najjar, Tin Aung, Alexandre H. Thiery, Steffen Hamann, Clare Fraser, Dan Milea
Summary: This study developed a deep learning algorithm to automatically identify major structures of the optic nerve head (ONH) in 3D optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans and differentiate between optic disc drusen (ODD), papilledema, and healthy ONHs. The algorithm was able to accurately isolate tissues and regions associated with ODD and achieved high classification performance.
Article
Ophthalmology
Ashish Jith Sreejith Kumar, Rachel S. Chong, Jonathan G. Crowston, Jacqueline Chua, Inna Bujor, Rahat Husain, Eranga N. Vithana, Michael J. A. Girard, Daniel S. W. Ting, Ching-Yu Cheng, Tin Aung, Alina Popa-Cherecheanu, Leopold Schmetterer, Damon Wong
Summary: This study investigates the use of generative models to synthesize optical coherence tomography (OCT) images for training deep learning networks in glaucoma detection. The results demonstrate that networks trained with synthetic images perform comparably to those trained with real images, suggesting the potential importance of generative models in DL network training and data sharing across institutions.
JAMA OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Fabian A. Braeu, Alexandre H. Thiery, Tin A. Tun, Aiste Kadziauskiene, George Barbastathis, Tin Aung, Michael J. A. Girard
Summary: This study compares the performance of two recent geometric deep learning techniques in diagnosing glaucoma from a single optical coherence tomographic scan of the optic nerve head, and identifies the critical 3D structural features of the optic nerve head for glaucoma diagnosis. Both deep learning approaches accurately detected glaucoma from the 3D optic nerve head point clouds, with critical points located within the neuroretinal rim in the inferior and superior quadrants. This approach has strong potential for clinical applications in diagnosing and prognosing ophthalmic disorders.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Fabian A. Braeu, Thanadet Chuangsuwanich, Tin A. Tun, Shamira Perera, Rahat Husain, Alexandre H. Thiery, Tin Aung, George Barbastathis, Michael J. A. Girard
Summary: Using artificial intelligence techniques, the study aims to assess the robustness of the optic nerve head (ONH) by analyzing biomechanical knowledge through optical coherence tomography (OCT). Three AI algorithms were compared to predict ONH robustness and the DGCNN algorithm outperformed the others. The study suggests that ONH robustness can be assessed from a single OCT scan, providing potential insights into identifying fast visual field loss progressors.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Yiying Cai, Nuraini Nazeha, Shamira Perera, Alexandre H. Thiery, Michael J. A. Girard, Chen E. E. Lee, Weiwei Hong, Nicholas Graves
Summary: This study aimed to design and implement an assessment tool for informing funding decisions for competing health innovations in a tertiary hospital. The assessment tool consists of three components: value to the institution, novelty, and potential for adoption and scaling. The results demonstrated the usefulness of the assessment tool in the decision-making process.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT IN HEALTH CARE
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Critical Care Medicine
Alexander Tarr, Shannon N. Mohabir, Alejandro Dominguez, Michael J. Girard, Marquand Patton
Meeting Abstract
Ophthalmology
Michael J. A. Girard, Satish Kumar Panda, Tin Aung Tun, Raymond Najjar, Tin Aung, Alexandre Thiery, Steffen Hamann, Clare Louise Fraser, Dan Milea
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Ophthalmology
Fabian Albert Braeu, Thanadet Chuangsuwanich, Tin A. Tun, Alexandre Thiery, George Barbastathis, Tin Aung, Michael J. A. Girard
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Jeong-Ah Kim, Seung Hyen Lee, Dong Hwan Son, Tae-Woo Kim, Eun Ji Lee, Michael J. A. Girard, Jean Martial Mari
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether the curve of the lamina cribrosa changes in eyes with normal tension glaucoma after receiving topical ocular hypotensive eye drops. OCT scans were used to measure the lamina cribrosa curvature in each eye before and after intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering treatment. The results showed that there were significant changes in the lamina cribrosa curvature in some eyes after IOP reduction.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2022)