Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amrutha Menon, Noraini Abd-Aziz, Kanwal Khalid, Chit Laa Poh, Rakesh Naidu
Summary: This review focuses on the role of miRNA in cancer, therapeutic approaches with miRNAs, and effective delivery into the system. Patents and ongoing clinical trials for miRNA therapy are also summarized.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Hai Zhao, Shuangshuang Song, Junwei Ma, Zhiyong Yan, Hongwei Xie, Ying Feng, Shusheng Che
Summary: CD47 is a protein that is ubiquitously expressed on the surface of cells and plays a critical role in self-recognition. It modulates cellular phagocytosis, determines the lifespan of erythrocytes, regulates immune cell activation, and manipulates synaptic pruning during neuronal development. Recently, CD47 has been identified as a novel target for cancer immunotherapy. This review discusses the diverse functions of CD47, its role in immune system homeostasis, and its potential therapeutic roles against cancer.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Chenran Yue, Sheng Gao, Shuting Li, Zhouhang Xing, Hengrong Qian, Ying Hu, Wenqian Wang, Chunyan Hua
Summary: Co-inhibitory receptors (IRs) play a crucial role in maintaining immune homeostasis and treating cancer. Recent studies have shown that T cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain (TIGIT), a novel IR, also plays an important role in autoimmune diseases. Blocking the TIGIT pathway exacerbates autoimmune diseases, while enhancing TIGIT function alleviates autoimmune reactions. Therefore, exploring TIGIT as a therapeutic target in autoimmune diseases is of great significance.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ping Zhao, Dewei Jiang, Yunchao Huang, Ceshi Chen
Summary: EphA2, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed in human breast cancers, plays important roles in malignant breast progression and has become a promising therapeutic target for breast cancer treatment.
JOURNAL OF GENETICS AND GENOMICS
(2021)
Article
Rheumatology
Kirsi Paalanen, Kari Puolakka, Elena Nikiphorou, Pekka Hannonen, Tuulikki Sokka
Summary: This study found that 10.4% of seronegative RA patients had their diagnosis changed to SpA within 15 years, particularly with a higher proportion related to PsA and axial SpA. It highlights the importance of vigilance in diagnosing RA and considering the possibility of SpA diagnosis, especially in cases with atypical presentations.
Review
Cell Biology
Yanlei Zhang, Quanbo Ji
Summary: This paper reviews the role of macrophages in osteoarthritis (OA) and discusses potential therapeutic approaches targeting macrophage polarization.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kyung Rae Ko, Hyunil Lee, Soo-Hong Han, Wooyeol Ahn, Do Kyung Kim, Il-Su Kim, Bo Sung Jung, Soonchul Lee
Summary: This review provides an overview of the role of substance P and the neurokinin-1 receptor in musculoskeletal disorders and highlights their potential as therapeutic targets.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jingmin Che, Xiaoli Yang, Zhankui Jin, Cuixiang Xu
Summary: This article reviews the important role of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in maintaining cellular homeostasis and explores the relationship between redox imbalance and bone-related diseases. The article also discusses the potential therapeutic benefits of natural products targeting Nrf2 in the treatment of osteogenic arthropathy.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Muhammad Tufail, Changxin Wu
Summary: Cancers such as lung, breast, colon, and prostate have been associated with dysregulation of SRPKs. Inhibition of SRPKs has shown promise in reducing cancer growth and survival, making them potential therapeutic targets. Ongoing research is focused on developing small molecule inhibitors for SRPKs, identifying specific SRPKs relevant to different cancer types, and exploring RNA interference (RNAi) as a means to target SRPKs. Additionally, researchers are investigating the use of SRPK inhibitors in combination with other cancer therapies to improve treatment outcomes. However, further research is needed to fully comprehend the role of SRPKs in cancer and determine the most effective targeting approaches.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Fan-He Song, Dai-Qiang Liu, Ya-Qun Zhou, Wei Mei
Summary: This article summarizes the role and mechanisms of SIRT1 in chronic pain, exploring its regulation of inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial function, suggesting that SIRT1 agonists may serve as potential therapeutic drugs for chronic pain.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Tong Li, Guangjuan Zheng, Ben Li, Lipeng Tang
Summary: Pyroptosis is a form of programmed cell death characterized by the formation of inflammatory pores, cellular lysis, and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, associated with intracellular pathogens-induced infection. However, it is now understood that pyroptosis also plays a role in sterile inflammation. Targeting the pyroptotic signaling pathway with specific inhibitors may offer a promising approach for the treatment of noninfective inflammatory disorders.
CELL PROLIFERATION
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Subhashini Brahadeeswaran, Tiasha Dasgupta, Venkatraman Manickam, Viswanathan Saraswathi, Ramasamy Tamizhselvi
Summary: The liver is responsible for important physiological processes and its role in activating the innate immune system and causing inflammation is crucial. Chronic ethanol exposure disrupts the liver's inflammatory mechanism and releases proinflammatory mediators. Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is involved in liver fibrosis/cirrhosis, leading to hepatocyte destruction and metabolic dysregulation. Alcohol intake also affects liver epigenetics, promoting the development of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Understanding the role of NLRP3 inflammasome and epigenetic modifications could lead to potential therapeutic targets for ALD.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
ChunYan Yuan
Summary: IL-33 is a cytokine that modulates inflammation and immune responses, primarily associated with the development of Th2 immunological responses. It has been shown to be elevated in various autoimmune disorders, suggesting a role in inducing autoimmunity and inflammatory damage. The IL-33/ST2 axis holds promising potential as a therapeutic target for autoimmune disease treatment.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xueqin Feng, Yumeng Zhang, Na Li, Yingying Zhang, Qiutong Zheng, Minya Sun, Jiaqi Tang, Zhice Xu
Summary: Melatonin, released from the pineal gland and reproductive organs, has important roles in sleep-wake cycle rhythms, ageing processes, and antioxidant/anti-inflammatory functions. It regulates reproductive processes by influencing gamete and embryo development and is involved in reproductive diseases and pregnancy outcomes. This review discusses the potential clinical applications of melatonin in reproductive medicine and explores the relationship between melatonin and Developmental Origins of Health and Diseases (DOHaD), which is closely linked to reproduction.
CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yanjiao Zhang, Xinyi Fang, Jiahua Wei, Runyu Miao, Haoran Wu, Kaile Ma, Jiaxing Tian
Summary: PDX-1 plays a crucial role in pancreatic development and the pathogenesis of diabetes. Overexpression of PDX-1 regulates pancreatic development and promotes beta-cell differentiation and insulin secretion. The absence of PDX-1 increases susceptibility to diabetes.