Article
Clinical Neurology
Gudrun Hefner, Jan Wolff, Sermin Toto, Pamela Reissner, Ansgar Klimke
Summary: Off-label drug prescribing in psychiatry is increasing and this study analyzed the prevalence and category of off-label use of psychotropic drugs. The results showed that 30.2% of patients received at least one off-label prescription during their hospital stay, and the off-label prevalence rates varied significantly among different diagnostic groups.
JOURNAL OF NEURAL TRANSMISSION
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Jonne Lintunen, Heidi Taipale, Antti Tanskanen, Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz, Jari Tiihonen, Markku Lahteenvuo
Summary: In the treatment of SCHAFF, clozapine, long-acting injectable antipsychotics, and combination therapy with mood stabilizers were associated with the best outcomes, while the use of quetiapine and benzodiazepines were associated with the worst outcomes.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Ana Aliana Miron, Paula Simina Petric, Andreea Teodorescu, Petru Ifteni, Gabriela Chele, Andreea Silvana Szalontay
Summary: Schizophrenia is a chronic disease characterized by relapses and remission periods. The main treatment option is antipsychotics, but mood stabilizers and/or benzodiazepines are frequently prescribed as adjunctive therapy. This study found that stabilized schizophrenia patients continue to use benzodiazepines and mood stabilizers, regardless of the antipsychotic formulation. Patients receiving second-generation long-acting injectable antipsychotics are more likely to be stabilized on monotherapy. Further research is needed to clarify the benefits of current drug polypharmacy trends.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Alexander Brunnauer, Florian Herpich, Peter Zwanzger, Gerd Laux
Summary: The research indicates that long-term treatment with psychopharmacological medication can improve or stabilize driving performance of patients, but some patients may experience severe impairment under specific pharmacological treatments, highlighting the importance of cautious driving in these cases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Giulia Cattarinussi, Giuseppe Delvecchio, Cecilia Prunas, Chiara Moltrasio, Paolo Brambilla
Summary: The review found that pharmacological treatments have minimal to no effect on brain activity and connectivity in borderline personality disorder (BPD) patients during emotional tasks. However, limitations such as small sample size, observational design, and high percentage of female participants affect the conclusion of the study.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Maria Fagerbakke Stromme, Christoffer Bartz-Johannesen, Rune Andreas Kroken, Lars Mehlum, Erik Johnsen
Summary: This study found that the use of antipsychotics and antidepressants is associated with a reduced risk of readmission with overactive, aggressive, disruptive or agitated behavior (OADA) in patients with schizophrenia, while benzodiazepines are associated with an increased risk of readmission with OADA.
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Aaron Pinkhasov, Glen Xiong, James A. Bourgeois, Thomas W. Heinrich, Heather Huang, Shanice Coriolan, Aniyizhai Annamalai, Jed P. Mangal, Steven Frankel, Michael Lang, Y. Pritham Raj, Matthew Dandois, Kelly Barth, Anne Louise Stewart, Jeffrey Rado, Justin Pesek, Aaron Sanders, E. Vanessa Spearman-McCarthy, Jane Gagliardi, Jess G. Fiedorowicz
Summary: Research highlights that hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte imbalance encountered in clinical practice, with psychotropic medications commonly implicated in drug-induced SIADH. The study calls for clinicians to evaluate and avoid medications that cause hyponatremia, while considering substitution with medication less likely to cause SIADH.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHOSOMATIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Chu-Chun Lin, Ling-Ling Yeh, Yi-Ju Pan
Summary: The study found that mood stabilizers are associated with a decreased overall mortality in patients with bipolar disorder, while the use of antipsychotics appears to be associated with an increased mortality risk, with the risk increasing with dosage. Researchers suggest carefully considering potential adverse effects and benefits when prescribing psychotropic medications for long-term use in bipolar disorder patients.
ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Giulia Cattarinussi, Giuseppe Delvecchio, Chiara Moltrasio, Adele Ferro, Fabio Sambataro, Paolo Brambilla
Summary: Studies have shown that medications have an impact on brain metabolism in individuals with borderline personality disorder, particularly in the frontal and temporal areas. However, the effects on brain hemodynamics remain inconclusive or absent. Limitations such as small sample sizes, high percentage of women, heterogeneity in pharmaceutical agents, and comorbidities restrict the conclusions of current research on this topic.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Balwinder K. Singh, Anastasia Yocum, Rebecca E. Strawbridge, Katherine E. Burdick, Caitlin T. Millett, Amy H. Peters, Sarah Sperry, Giovanna Fico, Eduard Vieta, Norma Verdolini, Ophelia Godin, Marion Leboyer, Etain F. Bruno, Ivy J. Tso, Brandon G. Coombes, Melvin A. McInnis, Andrew H. Nierenberg, Allan M. Young, Melanie Ashton, Michael J. Berk, Lana Williams, Kamyar N. Keramatian, Lakshmi J. Yatham, Bronwyn M. Overs, Janice Fullerton, Gloria B. Roberts, Philip A. Mitchell, Ole C. Andreassen, Ana P. Andreazza, Peter Zandi, Daniel M. Pham, Joanna A. Biernacka, Mark Frye, FACE BD Collaborators, Global Bipolar Cohort Collaborativ
Summary: This study investigated pharmacotherapeutic treatment patterns in multiple cohorts of individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) in North America, Europe, and Australia. Mood-stabilizing anticonvulsants, second-generation antipsychotics, and antidepressants were the most commonly prescribed medications. There were significant differences in prescription practices among different geographic regions.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aminah Alchakee, Munazza Ahmed, Leen Eldohaji, Hamid Alhaj, Maha Saber-Ayad
Summary: The review focuses on cytochrome P450 enzymes and their association with the metabolism of psychotropic medications, variations among different populations, impact on neurotransmitters, and the influence of non-genetic factors. It also discusses the association between adverse effects of psychiatric medications and human leukocytic antigen genotypes. The importance of pharmacogenetics implementation in psychiatry clinics is emphasized.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Gianluca Sesso, Giulio Emilio Brancati, Gabriele Masi
Summary: This review explores the clinical and treatment implications of comorbidities in Bipolar Disorder (BD). It emphasizes the complexity of these comorbid conditions and the need for personalized therapies. Pharmacological treatments can improve symptoms but may also worsen BD by inducing mood switches.
CURRENT NEUROPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kouji Fukuyama, Eishi Motomura, Motohiro Okada
Summary: Although the contributions of 5-HT7 function to clinical efficacy and pathophysiology are not fully understood, lurasidone and vortioxetine have higher binding affinity to 5-HT7 compared to other antipsychotics and antidepressants. While the expected rapid onset of antidepressant effects due to 5-HT7 inhibition has not been observed with these drugs, clinical studies suggest that 5-HT7 inhibition improves the quality of life for patients with schizophrenia and mood disorders by enhancing cognition. Furthermore, 5-HT7 inhibition may mitigate antipsychotic-induced weight gain and metabolic complications. Preclinical studies for the development of 5-HT7 modulation against neurodevelopmental disorders and neurodegenerative diseases are ongoing. Various findings indicate the possibility of using 5-HT7 modifications for improving neuronal transmission and addressing microstructure abnormalities in neurotransmission networks.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Christophe Moderie, Nicolas Nunez, Allan Fielding, Stefano Comai, Gabriella Gobbi
Summary: This study found that women with TRD responded significantly better to augmentation therapy compared to men, especially in terms of symptoms like insomnia and anxiety. This highlights the importance of considering gender differences in treatment strategies for depression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Brian J. Miller, William McCall
Summary: This study investigated the association between second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) and mood stabilizers compared to clozapine and lithium, respectively, in terms of insomnia and suicide ideation/behavior/death (SIB). The results showed that other SGAs and mood stabilizers were significantly associated with increased reported odds of insomnia and SIB compared to clozapine and lithium. The findings support the antisuicidal properties of clozapine and lithium and suggest that beneficial effects on sleep may be one potential pathway underlying these properties.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL SLEEP MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Megan Galbally, Stuart J. Watson, Olav Spigset
Summary: This study found that pregnant women with depression or taking certain types of antidepressants are at a higher risk of developing hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Close monitoring of their health and early treatment of depression, while considering the specific class of antidepressants, is recommended.
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Megan Galbally, Stuart J. Watson, Andrew J. Lewis, Marinus H. van IJzendoorn
Summary: This study examines the mental health and parenting outcomes for mothers and children in Melbourne, Australia during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results indicate that mothers followed up during the pandemic experienced higher levels of depressive symptoms, while parenting stress and childhood mental health symptoms remained unchanged.
JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRICS AND CHILD HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Megan Galbally, Stuart J. Watson, Martha Lappas, E. Ron de Kloet, Caitlin S. Wyrwoll, Peter J. Mark, Andrew J. Lewis
Summary: This study found that maternal depression during pregnancy and postpartum, as well as infant cortisol reactivity, were only associated with internalizing symptoms in female offspring. In addition, in females only, lower placental 11 beta-HSD2 mRNA expression and higher cortisol reactivity predicted an increase in internalizing problems. These findings suggest that prenatal predictors and pathways for early childhood depression and anxiety symptoms and disorders may differ by sex.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Megan Galbally, Katherine Eggleston, Korinne Northwood, Dan Siskind, Michael Berk, Shuichi Suetani, Neeraj Gill, Nick O'Connor, Samuel B. Harvey, Susanna Every-Palmer
Summary: Re-examining the position of women in academic psychiatry and addressing the barriers they face is crucial for the revival and gender equity of this field. By promoting gender equality, academic psychiatry can make significant progress and gain insights into mental disorders.
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Megan Galbally, Stuart J. Watson, Mathew Coleman, Paul Worley, Leanda Verrier, Vineet Padmanabhan, Andrew J. Lewis
Summary: This study compares perinatal well-being between women living in metropolitan and rural regions. The results showed that there were no significant differences between urban and rural women in terms of depressive disorders, breastfeeding cessation, exercise, sleep, and partner support. However, rural women with depression reported higher parenting stress and lower access to parenting activities.
AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF RURAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Melissa Mulcahy, Christian Long, Teagan Morrow, Megan Galbally, Clare Rees, Rebecca Anderson
Summary: The perinatal period is a vulnerable time for parents with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), but existing guidelines do not address specific considerations for OCD in this period. This study used a survey to establish best practice recommendations for perinatal OCD. Experts and individuals with lived experience endorsed 102 statements, which inform practice across eight themes.
ARCHIVES OF WOMENS MENTAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Akilew A. Adane, Carrington C. J. Shepherd, Roz Walker, Helen D. Bailey, Megan Galbally, Rhonda Marriott
Summary: This study examined the association between maternal mental disorders and adverse perinatal outcomes among Aboriginal births in Western Australia. The results showed that maternal mental disorders were associated with an increased risk of various adverse birth outcomes. The study highlights the importance of providing holistic perinatal care, treatment, and support for women with mental disorders.
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Family Studies
Yu Ying Low, Andrew J. Lewis, Irene G. Serfaty
Summary: The Parental Reflective Interview Procedure was developed as part of an initial assessment interview for an attachment-based intervention for child mental health conditions. This pilot randomised controlled trial compared the effects of the Parental Reflective Interview Procedure with a diagnostic interview on parental reflective functioning. Results showed that the Parental Reflective Interview Procedure led to improvements in parents' understanding of their children's mental states and maintenance in their reflections on intergenerational parent-child relationship patterns, while the diagnostic interview showed decreases in these dimensions. This suggests that the Parental Reflective Interview Procedure is a promising format for initial assessment when there are difficulties in the parent-child relationship.
JOURNAL OF CHILD AND FAMILY STUDIES
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Megan Galbally, Beth Kotze, Ryan Barber, Sue Mackersey
Summary: The objectives of this study were to present data on gender equity, describe the development of an action plan, and discuss its alignment with a commitment to inclusion and diversity. The methods included the formation of a working group, data snapshot and discussion, literature review, and consultation across the organization. The results showed clear gaps in leadership roles, academic activities, and awards, which led to the development of an action plan.
AUSTRALASIAN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Megan Galbally, Stuart J. Watson, Philip Boyce, Louise Howard, Helen Herrman
Summary: This study investigated 360 women and found that the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale cannot accurately predict different types of postnatal depression and associated complications. However, the study provides guidance for researching the impact of personalized management on the prognosis of women with postnatal depression.
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Josephine Power, Stuart Watson, Wai Chen, Andrew Lewis, Marinus van IJzendoorn, Megan Galbally
Summary: This study finds that increasing maternal depressive symptoms during the perinatal period are associated with poorer executive function outcomes in children at the age of 4, independent of prenatal smoking, drinking, or antidepressant use. The chronicity, severity, and postpartum influences of depression may play crucial roles in determining childhood executive function outcomes.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Megan Galbally, Stuart J. Watson, Thinh Nguyen, Philip Boyce
Summary: This longitudinal study investigates the impact of fetal exposure to selective serotonergic reuptake inhibitor antidepressants on infant sleep behaviors at six and 12 months of age. The study focuses on three commonly prescribed antidepressants during pregnancy. The results show that sertraline is associated with longer time to sleep for infants, but these antidepressants are not related to increased waking or time awake for infants.
INFANT BEHAVIOR & DEVELOPMENT
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Judy Hope, David Copolov, John Tiller, Megan Galbally, Malcolm Hopwood, Richard Newton, Nicholas A. Keks
Summary: The usefulness of esketamine for treating treatment-resistant depression was reviewed in this article. Results showed that esketamine, in combination with an antidepressant, had a higher remission rate compared to a placebo. However, relapse was observed when esketamine was withdrawn in stable remitters. Adverse effects such as dissociation, dizziness, and nausea were reported, while the risk of abuse was low. The cost of treatment may be a limiting factor.
AUSTRALASIAN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Psychiatry
Megan Galbally, Hubertus Himmerich, Shivanthi Senaratne, Phoebe Fitzgerald, Jeanette Frost, Nicole Woods, Jan E. Dickinson
Summary: Anorexia nervosa is a severe mental disorder that is more common in women and girls. It is associated with suicide and mortality due to the physical consequences of starvation. Despite its low prevalence, anorexia nervosa in pregnancy poses substantial risks for both the mother and infant, yet there is a lack of comprehensive guidelines and recommendations for managing it.
