Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kamila P. Liput, Adam Lepczynski, Magdalena Ogluszka, Agata Nawrocka, Ewa Polawska, Agata Grzesiak, Brygida Slaska, Chandra S. Pareek, Urszula Czarnik, Mariusz Pierzchala
Summary: It is recommended to reduce saturated fatty acids (SFA) and increase polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) n-3 and n-6 in the diet to lower the risk of metabolic disorders. Western-type diet often contains excessive n-6 PUFAs and a high n-6/n-3 ratio. Oxylipins derived from n-3 and n-6 PUFAs play a role in inflammation, while PUFAs have varying effects on cell growth, proliferation, and neoplastic lesion progression, as observed in in vitro studies, animal models, and epidemiological studies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Tatjana Josefs, Debapriya Basu, Tomas Vaisar, Britt Arets, Jenny E. Kanter, Lesley-Ann Huggins, Yunying Hu, Jianhua Liu, Noemie Clouet-Foraison, Jay W. Heinecke, Karin E. Bornfeldt, Ira J. Goldberg, Edward A. Fisher
Summary: The study found that hypertriglyceridemia and reduced HDL-C did not affect atherosclerosis lesion size or macrophage content, suggesting that atherosclerosis regression in mice is primarily driven by LDL-C reduction and not impacted by hypertriglyceridemia and plasma HDL-C levels.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pere Rehues, Marina Rodriguez, Judith Alvarez, Marta Jimenez, Alba Melia, Mar Sempere, Clara Balsells, Gemma Castillejo, Montse Guardiola, Antoni Castro, Josep Ribalta
Summary: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by the accumulation of LDL particles in the intima, leading to immune cell activation and inflammation. This study investigated the distribution of LPS and its immunogenic portion (3OHFAs) among different lipoprotein types in healthy men. The results showed that LDL and HDL fractions had the highest concentration of LPS, while VLDL particles carried more LPS molecules per particle. The distribution of LPS and 3OHFAs among lipoprotein fractions showed high variability, suggesting their potential as biomarkers for atherosclerosis.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anni Kumari, Kristian K. Kristensen, Michael Ploug, Anne-Marie Lund Winther
Summary: LPL plays a crucial role in lipid metabolism by hydrolyzing triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, and its impaired activity can lead to hypertriglyceridemia. In addition to LDL-C, hypertriglyceridemia is also an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis, with LPL and other factors involved in intravascular lipolysis playing a key role in this process.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Anthony D. Pisaniello, Peter J. Psaltis, Peta M. King, Ge Liu, Robert A. Gibson, Joanne Tm Tan, MyNgan Duong, Tracy Nguyen, Christina A. Bursill, Matthew Worthley, Stephen J. Nicholls, Belinda A. Di Bartolo
Summary: The study demonstrates that EPA supplementation is more effective than DHA in reducing acute and chronic vascular inflammation, providing a rationale for the cardiovascular benefit observed with high-dose omega-3 fatty acid administration.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rachel E. Walker, Kevin J. Harvatine, A. Catharine Ross, Erin A. Wagner, Sarah W. Riddle, Alison D. Gernand, Laurie A. Nommsen-Rivers
Summary: This study found that mothers with very low milk production have higher obesity and inflammatory biomarkers, lower uptake of long-chain fatty acids in milk, and disrupted association between plasma and milk fatty acids. These results support the hypothesis that inflammation disrupts normal mammary gland fatty acid uptake.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Liyan Yu, Hongguang Liu, Xiaoxia Ma, Vidya Devanathadesikan Seshadri, Xuan Gao
Summary: The study found that Myrtenal has anti-atherosclerotic activity in high-fat diet-induced atherosclerosis rat models. Myrtenal-treated groups showed the ability to modulate the lipid metabolic pathway, reducing blood lipid levels and inflammatory cytokines.
APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gediz Dogay Us, Sohail Mushtaq
Summary: The study demonstrates that high-dose intake of omega-3 fatty acids in combination with statins has a positive effect on improving lipid profiles in hyperlipidemic patients, particularly in reducing LDL III, non-HDL-C, TG, and VLDL-C. Further research is needed to validate these findings.
LIPIDS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ira J. Goldberg, Ainara G. Cabodevilla, Dmitri Samovski, Vincenza Cifarelli, Debapriya Basu, Nada A. Abumrad
Summary: Lipoprotein lipase mediates the transfer of lipids to parenchymal cells through or around endothelial cells, controlled at multiple points from synthesis to inhibition. Various pathways, including fatty acid transporter CD36 and other receptors, facilitate the transit of lipids into muscle and adipose tissues. Endothelial cells play a crucial role in lipid delivery, but there are still aspects of this process that require further investigation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carina A. Valenzuela, Ella J. Baker, Elizabeth A. Miles, Philip C. Calder
Summary: Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers have different effects on the inflammatory responses of endothelial cells (ECs). CLA10,12 exhibits pro-inflammatory effects while CLA9,11 shows null or anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the effects of each CLA isomer independently.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kumar R. Kakularam, Miquel Canyelles-Nino, Xin Chen, Jose M. Lluch, Angels Gonzalez-Lafont, Hartmut Kuhn
Summary: Mouse and human arachidonic acid lipoxygenase 15B orthologs have different reaction products when arachidonic acid is used as the substrate. Mutations in mouse arachidonic acid lipoxygenase 15b humanized the product pattern, while inverse mutagenesis in human arachidonic acid lipoxygenase 15B murinized the specificity of the enzyme. Experimental proof for the suggested inverse substrate binding at the active site is still pending.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marjann Schaefer, Florian Reisch, Dominika Labuz, Halina Machelska, Sabine Stehling, Gerhard P. Pueschel, Michael Rothe, Dagmar Heydeck, Hartmut Kuhn
Summary: Mammalian arachidonic acid lipoxygenases (ALOXs) play a role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, with pro- and anti-inflammatory effects reported for different ALOX-isoforms. By testing knock-in mice that express a mutant of the Alox15b gene, researchers found that the humanization of the reaction specificity of mouse Alox15b sensitizes mice to dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis, but partially protects them in the complete Freund's adjuvant-induced paw edema model.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carina A. Valenzuela, Ella J. Baker, Elizabeth A. Miles, Philip C. Calder
Summary: Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers, specifically cis-9, trans-11 (CLA9,11) and trans-10, cis-12 (CLA10,12), have shown modest anti-inflammatory effects on endothelial cells (ECs) at low concentrations. These CLAs decrease the concentrations of inflammatory factors such as MCP-1, IL-6, IL-8, and RANTES in the culture medium, but also upregulate some pro-inflammatory genes while downregulating others. The findings suggest that CLAs may have a role in preventing atherosclerosis by modulating inflammation in ECs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Retraction
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Laura Fisher
Summary: The paper "MicroRNA-135a alleviates lipid accumulation and inflammation of atherosclerosis through targeting lipoprotein lipase" by Juan Li et al., published in RSC Advances in 2019, has been retracted.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ligang Yang, Chao Yang, Zhixiu Song, Min Wan, Hui Xia, Xian Yang, Dengfeng Xu, Da Pan, Hechun Liu, Shaokang Wang, Guiju Sun
Summary: Postprandial metabolism plays significant roles in various pathological conditions, and the n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio is closely associated with physiological disorders. This study investigated the effects of high fat meals with different n-6/n-3 PUFA ratios on postprandial metabolism in normal control and hypertriglyceridemia rats. The results showed that the n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio influenced the postprandial response of triglyceride, total cholesterol, tumor necrosis factor alpha, malondialdehyde, and reactive oxygen species in both normal control and hypertriglyceridemia rats.
FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS
(2023)