Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Justine Cole, James Dorian Otvos, Alan Thomas Remaley
Summary: Despite recent studies showing better correlation between atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk and apolipoprotein B (apoB) than with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), treatment decisions in the United States still rely on LDL-C. This study developed a method to convert apoB values into LDL-C units, allowing the use of LDL-C targets for apoB-based treatment decisions.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Shripad Sinari, Juraj Koska, Yueming Hu, Jeremy Furtado, Majken K. Jensen, Matthew J. Budoff, Dobrin Nedelkov, Robyn L. McClelland, Dean Billheimer, Peter Reaven
Summary: The composition of Apo CIII proteoforms is associated with cardiovascular risk and influences plasma lipids. Total apo CIII and CIII2/III1 are positively associated with cardiovascular disease risk, while CIII0b/III1 is inversely associated with cardiovascular disease risk.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Marja-Riitta Taskinen, Niina Matikainen, Elias Bjornson, Sanni Soderlund, Jussi Inkeri, Antti Hakkarainen, Helka Parviainen, Carina Sihlbom, Annika Thorsell, Linda Andersson, Martin Adiels, Chris J. Packard, Jan Boren
Summary: This study investigated the hypothesis that individuals with type 2 diabetes on statin therapy may have significant abnormalities in the metabolism of intestinally derived lipoproteins. The findings suggest that in these individuals, there are increased production and longer circulation time of ApoB-48-containing lipoproteins, which may contribute to residual cardiovascular disease risk.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Doyle M. Cummings, Sara Jones, Cheryl Bushnell, Jacqueline Halladay, Stephanie Hart, Alan C. Kinlaw, Matt Psioda, Fang Wen, Mysha Sissine, Pamela Duncan
Summary: This study examined the prescription patterns of statins in transitional care following acute stroke or TIA. The results showed that statin prescribing rates were lower in White patients, those with TIA, and those in non-urban areas. In particular, the prescribing rate of intensive statins was significantly lower in patients over 75 years old.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuanyu Huang, Shuquan Zheng, Zhaoxu Guo, Xavier de Mollerat du Jeu, Xing-Jie Liang, Zhiwei Yang, Hong-Yan Zhang, Shan Gao, Zicai Liang
Summary: This study developed a novel nanoparticle and lyophilization technology for the effective delivery of siRNA into hepatocytes for hepatitis B treatment. The results showed that this therapeutic approach significantly suppressed viral replication and antigen expression, in contrast to the limited impact of current clinically-employed drugs.
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Shi Wang, Zhenfei Li, Xiaotong Li, Qian Gao, Xueyu Liu, Qiao Wei, Cong Guo, Xihai Zhao, Liping Chen
Summary: This study found an association between apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein AI levels and intracranial vascular positive remodeling, especially in the posterior circulation.
JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Verena Zuber, Dipender Gill, Mika Ala-Korpela, Claudia Langenberg, Adam Butterworth, Leonardo Bottolo, Stephen Burgess
Summary: This study utilized Mendelian randomization and Bayesian model averaging to analyze lipoprotein measures as potential mediators between genetic variants and coronary artery disease. The findings prioritize apolipoprotein B (ApoB) across all datasets considered as the primary lipid determinant of CAD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Joanna Lewek, Jacek Niedziela, Piotr Desperak, Krzysztof Dyrbus, Tadeusz Osadnik, Piotr Jankowski, Adam Witkowski, Agata Bielecka-Dabrowa, Dariusz Dudek, Marek Gierlotka, Mariusz Gasior, Maciej Banach
Summary: Compared to statin monotherapy, upfront combination therapy of statin and ezetimibe significantly reduces all-cause mortality in patients with acute coronary syndromes.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Meng-Yu Li, Man-Ki Kwok, Catherine Mary Schooling
Summary: The study suggests that plasma apoE2 and apoE4 may play a role in lipid modulation and ischemic heart disease, while further clarification is needed on the potential therapeutic targets once larger genetic studies of apoE isoforms are available.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Darby W. Kozan, Joshua T. Derrick, William B. Ludington, Steven A. Farber
Summary: This review provides a comprehensive overview of how intestinal enterocytes absorb dietary lipid and secrete chylomicrons to meet the unique needs of each animal. The putative relationship between diet and metabolic disease progression, specifically Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, is discussed. Understanding the molecular response of intestinal cells to dietary lipid has the potential to uncover novel therapies to combat metabolic syndrome.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY OF LIPIDS
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Gregory S. Nacarelli, Tracy Fasolino, Stephanie Davis
Summary: Genetic predisposition and dietary factors play a role in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Evaluating the levels of apolipoprotein B and apolipoprotein A1 in plasma helps assess CVD risk. Different dietary and lifestyle interventions can impact CVD risk markers, such as these apolipoproteins. Additionally, genetic variations may affect the response to dietary interventions on these markers.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Minyoul Baik, Hyo Suk Nam, Ji Hoe Heo, Hye Sun Lee, Young Dae Kim
Summary: This study investigated the association between atherosclerotic stenosis and LDL-C or ApoB levels in ischemic stroke patients, and whether there is a difference in the association according to preadmission statin use. The results showed that both LDL-C and ApoB levels were associated with stenosis location, and there was an interaction between pre-admission statin use and LDL-C level. ApoB was consistently associated with symptomatic ICAS, regardless of statin use.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Camilla Ditlev Lindhardt Johannesen, Martin Bodtker Mortensen, Anne Langsted, Borge Gronne Nordestgaard
Summary: Elevated levels of apoB and non-HDL cholesterol, but not LDL cholesterol, are associated with residual risk of all-cause mortality and myocardial infarction in statin-treated patients. Discordance analysis indicates that apoB is a more accurate marker of all-cause mortality risk and risk of myocardial infarction in these patients compared to LDL cholesterol.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna E. Engell, Henrik L. Jorgensen, Bent S. Lind, Anton Pottegard, Christen L. Andersen, John S. Andersen, Margit Kriegbaum, Mia K. Grand, Lise Bathum
Summary: Lipid levels in blood have decreased significantly in the general population due to the use of statins. This trend was observed in primary health care patients who were not using statins from 2001 to 2018, with substantial decreases in total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, especially in the elderly population.
LIPIDS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Rosie M. Walker, Kadi Vaher, Mairead L. Bermingham, Stewart W. Morris, Andrew D. Bretherick, Yanni Zeng, Konrad Rawlik, Carmen Amador, Archie Campbell, Chris S. Haley, Caroline Hayward, David J. Porteous, Andrew M. McIntosh, Riccardo E. Marioni, Kathryn L. Evans
Summary: The study identified DNA methylation differences between APOE ε4 and ε2 carriers in blood, including multiple genes in a 169kb region. Further analysis suggested that these differences may affect lipid-related processes and be associated with the metabolism of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.