Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
J. C. Hurley
Summary: This study analyzed data from 13 randomized control trials and found that antimicrobial interventions were more effective in preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) compared to non-antimicrobial interventions, especially in patients with longer intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS). Surprisingly, this relationship with LOS was driven by the control groups rather than the intervention groups. Rating: 8/10.
JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Li-Sang Fu, Li-Mei Zhu, Yuan-Ping Yang, Ling Lin, Li-Qun Yao
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness of toothbrush-based oral care in preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in patients with mechanical ventilation in the ICU. It found that tooth brushing combined with chlorhexidine mouthwash can prevent VAP, but there is no advantage of tooth brushing combined with chlorhexidine mouthwash over cotton wipe with chlorhexidine mouthwash.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sungjung Kwak, Sujeong Han
Summary: This study developed and validated a tool for measuring VAP prevention behaviors among ICU nurses. The tool was found to be valid and reliable through factor analysis and validity and reliability tests. It can help improve VAP prevention measures.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Alex R. Schuurman, Robert F. J. Kullberg, Willem Joost Wiersinga
Summary: There has been significant progress in understanding the gut microbiome in health and disease over the past decade. The gut microbiome interacts with the immune system and plays a crucial role in defending the host against pathogens. However, disturbances in the gut microbiome due to disease or interventions like antibiotic treatment can have negative consequences. This review focuses on the potential role of probiotics in the ICU, summarizes evidence from randomized clinical trials, and discusses challenges and future prospects.
Article
Respiratory System
Marta Walaszek, Piotr Serwacki, Zbigniew Cholewa, Alicja Kosiarska, Wioletta Swiatek-Kwapniewska, Malgorza Kolpa, Elzbieta Rafa, Roza Slowik, Karolina Nowak, Anna Rozanska, Jadwiga Wojkowska-Mach
Summary: A study conducted in a hospital in southern Poland found that COVID-19 patients hospitalized in the ICU were at twice the risk of developing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) compared to non-COVID-19 patients. The most commonly isolated microorganism in VAP cases was Acinetobacter baumannii.
BMC PULMONARY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Piyali Bhattacharya, Arvind Kumar, Sanat Kumar Ghosh, Sudesh Kumar
Summary: This study aimed to determine the microbiological profile, associated risk factors, and outcome of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in children. The study found that VAP was associated with prolonged duration of mechanical ventilation, PICU stay, and hospital stay, but not significantly associated with mortality. Gram-negative bacteria were found to be the most common causative organisms in this cohort.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yuri Song, Myoung Soo Kim, Jin Chung, Hee Sam Na
Summary: This study used next-generation sequencing to simultaneously analyze bacterial and fungal communities and found that oropharyngeal microbes play an important etiologic role in ventilator-associated pneumonia and Candida infections.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Hiroyuki Ohbe, Yusuke Sasabuchi, Hayato Yamana, Hiroki Matsui, Hideo Yasunaga
Summary: For mechanically ventilated patients with pneumonia, critical care in the ICU was associated with a 7.2% decrease in 30-day in-hospital mortality compared to care in the HDU. The study utilized propensity score matching analysis, multivariable regression, overlap weighting, and instrumental variable analyses to evaluate the robustness of the findings.
LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-WESTERN PACIFIC
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hongzhuan Song, Wenqing Hu, Xiujie Zhou, Jiaping Tao, Siyi Zhang, Xuhong Su, Wenjun Wu
Summary: This meta-analysis suggests that probiotics are effective in reducing the occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), as well as shortening the duration of mechanical ventilation, length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU), and incidence of bacterial colonization. However, there is no significant effect on ICU mortality and occurrence of diarrhea. Further validation is needed due to the significant heterogeneity and publication bias.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Luming Zhang, Shaojin Li, Xuehao Lu, Yu Liu, Yinlong Ren, Tao Huang, Jun Lyu, Haiyan Yin
Summary: The study demonstrated that thiamine supplementation may reduce ICU and in-hospital mortality in patients with VAP, suggesting that further clinical trials should be conducted to provide more-solid evidence on its efficacy in improving patient outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Anesthesiology
Michael Mazzeffi, Samuel Galvagno, Clare Rock
Summary: Healthcare-associated infections are a major concern for intensive care unit patients, and understanding evidence-based prevention strategies is crucial for optimizing patient outcomes.
Review
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Jianying Xiong, Shanggan Zeng, Hua Xu, Ying Cao
Summary: The study examined the role of emergency nurses in ICUs, finding that nurses are responsible not only for oxygen management but also for other critical health services to reduce respiratory failure in ICU patients.
ALTERNATIVE THERAPIES IN HEALTH AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Anne-Sophie Valentin, Sandra Dos Santos, Florent Goube, Remi Gimenes, Marie Decalonne, Laurent Mereghetti, Come Daniau, Nathalie van der Mee-Marquet
Summary: The study evaluated the incidence of sink contamination by MDR bacteria and its association with clinical infections in intensive care units. It found that sink contamination and splashing are common and multifactorial infectious risks.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Novisi Arthur, Ishminder Kaur, Alison J. Carey
Summary: This study aimed to describe the rates and characteristics of pediatric ventilator-associated events (PedVAE) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The study found that only 2 infants met the CDC criteria for PedVAE during the study period, indicating a low incidence rate. The current CDC definition for PedVAE may be inadequate and alternative indices are needed to better characterize and prevent these events.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Ralitsa Raycheva, Vanya Rangelova, Ani Kevorkyan
Summary: This study aims to assess the direct costs of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The findings confirm that prolonged hospital stays due to VAP result in increased hospital costs.