Article
Immunology
Fu-Shun Yen, James Cheng-Chung Wei, Ying-Hsiu Shih, Chung Y. Hsu, Chih-Cheng Hsu, Chii-Min Hwu
Summary: This study shows that older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus who use metformin as a pre-influenza vaccination have lower risks of hospitalization for influenza, pneumonia, cardiovascular disease, mechanical ventilation, and mortality compared to nonusers of metformin.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Cathal McCrory, Giovanni Fiorito, Belinda Hernandez, Silvia Polidoro, Aisling M. O'Halloran, Ann Hever, Cliona Ni Cheallaigh, Ake T. Lu, Steve Horvath, Paolo Vineis, Rose Anne Kenny
Summary: The study indicates that the GrimAge clock is a significant improvement in predicting age-related decline in various clinical phenotypes compared to other epigenetic clocks, showing better predictive utility and promising to advance precision medicine.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Nick P. Goplen, In Su Cheon, Jie Sun
Summary: CD8 T-RM cells play a crucial role in protecting against respiratory pathogens, but loss of homeostatic controls may lead to pulmonary pathology. The aging process could result in compromised immune regulation by CD8 T-RM cells in the respiratory tract, affecting treatment modalities for respiratory diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Thomas J. Bollyky, Erin N. Hulland, Ryan M. Barber, James K. Collins, Samantha Kiernan, Mark Moses, David M. Pigott, Robert C. Reiner Jr, Reed J. D. Sorensen, Cristiana Abbafati, Christopher Adolph, Adrien Allorant, Joanne O. Amlag, Aleksandr Y. Aravkin, Bree Bang-Jensen, Austin Carter, Rachel Castellano, Emma Castro, Suman Chakrabarti, Emily Combs, Xiaochen Dai, William James Dangel, Carolyn Dapper, Amanda Deen, Bruce B. Duncan, Lucas Earl, Megan Erickson, Samuel B. Ewald, Tatiana Fedosseeva, Alize J. Ferrari, Abraham D. Flaxman, Nancy Fullman, Emmanuela Gakidou, Bayan Galal, John Gallagher, John R. Giles, Gaorui Guo, Jiawei He, Monika Helak, Bethany M. Huntley, Bulat Idrisov, Casey Johanns, Kate E. LeGrand, Ian D. Letourneau, Akiaja Lindstrom, Emily Linebarger, Paulo A. Lotufo, Rafael Lozano, Beatrice Magistro, Deborah Carvalho Malta, Johan Mansson, Ana M. Mantilla Herrera, Fatima Marinho, Alemnesh H. Mirkuzie, Ali H. Mokdad, Lorenzo Monasta, Paulami Naik, Shuhei Nomura, James Kevin O'Halloran, Christopher M. Odell, Latera Tesfaye Olana, Samuel M. Ostroff, Maja Pasovic, Valeria Maria de Azeredo Passos, Louise Penberthy, Grace Reinke, Damian Francesco Santomauro, Maria Ines Schmidt, Aleksei Sholokhov, Emma Spurlock, Christopher E. Troeger, Elena Varavikova, Anh T. Vo, Theo Vos, Rebecca Walcott, Ally Walker, Simon D. Wigley, Charles Shey Wiysonge, Nahom Alemseged Worku, Yifan Wu, Sarah Wulf Hanson, Peng Zheng, Simon Hay, Christopher J. L. Murray, Joseph L. Dieleman
Summary: This study analyzed the global rates of COVID-19 infection and fatality. The results suggest that the variation in infection and fatality rates cannot be fully explained. Trust in government and interpersonal trust, as well as less corruption, are associated with lower infection rates and higher vaccination coverage.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Luis A. Ruiz, Leyre Serrano, Silvia Perez, Sonia Castro, Amaia Urrutia, Ane Uranga, Amaia Artaraz, Ainhoa Gomez, Pedro P. Espana, Rafael Zalacain
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of using a predefined cutoff value for lymphopenia as an early predictor of in-hospital mortality and other outcomes in patients with pneumococcal pneumonia. The study found that lymphopenia could be used as a reproducible predictor of complicated clinical course in these patients.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peter Bauer, Jonas Brugger, Franz Koenig, Martin Posch
Summary: A study of 15 European countries and the USA in 2020 showed that COVID-19 mortality rates increase exponentially with age above 40 years old. The age dependency of COVID-19 mortality is stronger than that of all-cause mortality, with males having a slightly higher risk compared to females, but with a smaller excess risk in the second half of the year.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Arthur Hacquin, Marie Perret, Patrick Manckoundia, Philippe Bonniaud, Guillaume Beltramo, Marjolaine Georges, Alain Putot
Summary: The study found that the use of high-flow nasal cannula oxygenation (HFNCO) in non-intensive care units may reduce mortality and discomfort in older SARS-CoV-2-infected patients with acute respiratory failure.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Neamin Tesfay, Rozina Tariku, Alemu Zenebe, Fetiya Mohammed, Fitsum Woldeyohannes
Summary: The study found that delay three (delay in receiving adequate and appropriate care once reached a health facility) contributed to 36.3% of maternal deaths, followed by delay one and delay two contributing to 36.1% and 27.6% of maternal deaths respectively. Maternal age, education status, and place of death were individual level factors associated with delays related to maternal death.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hye Jin Kim, Hye-Bin Kim, Ha Yan Kim, Jae-Kwang Shim, Cheolhun Lee, Young-Lan Kwak
Summary: The creatinine/cystatin C ratio and age are independently associated with postoperative pulmonary complications in elderly patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Line Carolle Ntandja Wandji, Massih Ningarhari, Elise Lemaitre, Marion Khaldi, Pierre Saffers, Julien Lollivier, Guillaume Lassailly, Sebastien Dharancy, Philippe Mathurin, Alexandre Louvet
Summary: Severe alcohol-related hepatitis patients with lung infection at admission had lower probability of receiving steroids compared to other infections and noninfected patients. Lung infection and nonresponse to steroids were independently associated with 3-month mortality after steroid initiation, highlighting the importance of specific management for lung infection during severe AH.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ann-Charline Weber, Lisa Bogler, Sebastian Vollmer, Aline Simen-Kapeu, Rene Ehounou Ekpini, Noel Marie Zagre
Summary: In Western and Central Africa, children from the poorest households have higher prevalence rates of diarrhoea, acute respiratory infections, and malaria compared to children from the richest households, and the decline in prevalence rates is slower for the former group. The increasing wealth gradient in health indicates a need to improve targeting of health programmes and address the interlinked challenges faced by the poorest households.
JOURNAL OF GLOBAL HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jose M. de Miguel-Yanes, Ana Lopez-de-Andres, Rodrigo Jimenez-Garcia, Valentin Hernandez-Barrera, Javier de Miguel-Diez, David Carabantes-Alarcon, Napoleon Perez-Farinos, Julia Warnberg
Summary: Men in Spain had higher incidence rates of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) than women from 2016 to 2019. Men admitted for CAP and men who developed HAP had higher in-hospital mortality rates than women.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Julia W. Wu, Amber Yaqub, Yuan Ma, Wouter Koudstaal, Albert Hofman, M. Arfan Ikram, Mohsen Ghanbari, Jaap Goudsmit
Summary: The study demonstrates that accelerated biological age is a predictor of major age-related morbidity, including dementia, among healthy elderly individuals. Additionally, microRNAs were found to be significantly associated with age, with top differentially expressed microRNAs based on biological age having a higher significance level, suggesting that biological age captures aspects of aging signals at the epigenetic level.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Huapeng Lin, Terry Cheuk-Fung Yip, Xinrong Zhang, Guanlin Li, Yee-Kit Tse, Vicki Wing-Ki Hui, Lilian Yan Liang, Jimmy Che-To Lai, Stephen Lam Chan, Henry Lik-Yuen Chan, Grace Lai-Hung Wong, Vincent Wai-Sun Wong
Summary: The relative importance of liver-related death increases with age in patients with NAFLD, especially among women.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elizabeth Wrigley-Field, Mathew Kiang, Alicia R. Riley, Magali Barbieri, Yea-Hung Chen, Kate A. Duchowny, Ellicott C. Matthay, David Van Riper, Kirrthana Jegathesan, Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, Jonathon P. Leider
Summary: A study found that COVID vaccination schedules based solely on age benefit older white populations but come at the expense of younger BIPOC populations with higher risk. Prioritizing high-risk geographic areas for vaccination targets mortality risk better, while direct prioritization of high-risk racial/ethnic groups may perform even better. Vaccination strategies directly impact equitable access, both domestically and globally.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Karim Ali, Tanweer Azher, Mahin Baqi, Alexandra Binnie, Sergio Borgia, Francois M. Carrier, Yiorgos Alexandros Cavayas, Nicolas Chagnon, Matthew P. Cheng, John Conly, Cecilia Costiniuk, Peter Daley, Nick Daneman, Josh Douglas, Catarina Downey, Erick Duan, Emmanuelle Duceppe, Madeleine Durand, Shane English, George Farjou, Evradiki Fera, Patricia Fontela, Rob Fowler, Michael Fralick, Anna Geagea, Jennifer Grant, Luke B. Harrison, Thomas Havey, Holly Hoang, Lauren E. Kelly, Yoav Keynan, Kosar Khwaja, Gail Klein, Marina Klein, Christophe Kolan, Nadine Kronfli, Francois Lamontagne, Michael Lau, Todd C. Lee, Nelson Lee, Rachel Lim, Sarah Longo, Alexandra Lostun, Erika MacIntyre, Isabelle Malhame, Kathryn Mangoff, Marlee McGuinty, Sonya Mergler, Matthew Munan, Srinivas Murthy, Conar O'Neil, Daniel Ovakim, Jesse Papenburg, Ken Kuljit S. Parhar, Seema Nair Parvathy, Chandni Patel, Santiago Perez-Patrigeon, Ruxandra Pinto, Subitha Rajakumaran, Asgar Rishu, Malaika Roba-Oshin, Moira Rushton, Mariam Saleem, Marina Salvadori, Kim Scherr, Kevin Schwartz, Makeda Semret, Michael Silverman, Ameeta Singh, Wendy Sligl, Stephanie Smith, Ranjani Somayaji, Darrell H. S. Tan, Siobhan Tobin, Meaghan Todd, Tuong-Vi Tran, Alain Tremblay, Jennifer Tsang, Alexis Turgeon, Erik Vakil, Jason Weatherald, Cedric Yansouni, Ryan Zarychanski
Summary: This Canadian study explores the effectiveness of remdesivir as a treatment for COVID-19. The results show that remdesivir has a modest but significant impact on important outcomes for patients and healthcare systems, such as the need for mechanical ventilation.
CANADIAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Ruwandi M. Kariyawasam, Tanis C. Dingle, Brittany E. Kula, Ben Vandermeer, Wendy Sligl, Ilan S. Schwartz
Summary: The prevalence, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) are poorly understood, and there are discordant definitions across studies, potentially leading to an overestimation of reported prevalence.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Kaiming Wang, Mahmoud Gheblawi, Anish Nikhanj, Matt Munan, Erika MacIntyre, Conar O'Neil, Marko Poglitsch, Daniele Colombo, Franca Del Nonno, Zamaneh Kassiri, Wendy Sligl, Gavin Y. Oudit
Summary: The dysregulation of ACE2 and angiotensin levels in COVID-19 patients is associated with adverse outcomes, suggesting potential therapeutic strategies for improving outcomes against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Philippe Begin, Jeannie Callum, Richard Cook, Erin Jamula, Yang Liu, Andres Finzi, Donald M. Arnold
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Vincent Lau, Alexandra Binnie, John Basmaji, Nadia Baig, Dawn Opgenorth, Saoirse Cameron, Katie O'Hearn, Ellen McDonald, Janek Senaratne, Wendy Sligl, Danny J. Zuege, Oleksa Rewa, Sean M. Bagshaw, Jennifer Tsang
Summary: The survey of Canadian ICU research personnel found that tasks like screening for eligible patients, inputting data into case report forms, and preparing internal tracking logs were considered time-consuming and tedious. Respondents believed that AI automation could improve efficiency and accuracy in these tasks, while also freeing up research coordinators to focus on tasks that require human interaction. However, challenges such as ensuring information accuracy and proper oversight were also highlighted when considering AI automation in ICU research.
JOURNAL OF INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Dawn Opgenorth, Nadia Baig, Kirsten Fiest, Constantine Karvellas, Jim Kutsogiannis, Vincent Lau, Erika Macintyre, Janek Senaratne, Jocelyn Slemko, Wendy Sligl, Xiaoming Wang, Sean M. Bagshaw, Oleksa G. Rewa
Summary: The LIBERATE study aims to evaluate the effect of oral midodrine on ICU length of stay and duration of IV vasopressor support in critically ill patients, as well as other outcome measures related to IV vasopressor therapy.
Article
Microbiology
Suguru Saito, Shima Shahbaz, Wendy Sligl, Mohammed Osman, D. Lorne Tyrrell, Shokrollah Elahi
Summary: This study reveals that SARS-CoV-2 variants have differential impacts on erythropoiesis, with CD45(+) erythroid cells exhibiting immunosuppressive properties and potentially contributing to anemia in COVID-19 patients. The findings provide important insights into the understanding of the effects of SARS-CoV-2 variants on erythropoiesis.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Alexis Tabah, Muhammed Elhadi, Emma Ballard, Andrea Cortegiani, Maurizio Cecconi, Takeshi Unoki, Laura Galarza, Regis Goulart Rosa, Francois Barbier, Elie Azoulay, Kevin B. Laupland, Nathalie Ssi Yan Kai, Marlies Ostermann, Guy Francois, Jan J. De Waele, Kirsten Fiest, Peter Spronk, Julie Benbenishty, Mariangela Pellegrini, Louise Rose
Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, ICU implemented restrictive visiting policies and relied on telephone and virtual visits for communication. These policies have gradually been liberalized but have not returned to pre-pandemic practices.
JOURNAL OF CRITICAL CARE
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Bruno Fernando Buzo, Jutta K. Preiksaitis, Kieran Halloran, Jayan Nagendran, Derek R. Townsend, Nathan Zelyas, Wendy I. Sligl
Summary: This case series and literature review provide insights into hyperammonemia syndrome (HS) after lung transplant, highlighting the association with Ureaplasma spp. and Mycoplasma hominis infections. The findings emphasize the importance of early testing and treatment for these infections.
TRANSPLANT INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Shima Shahbaz, Olaide Oyegbami, Suguru Saito, Mohammed Osman, Wendy Sligl, Shokrollah Elahi
Summary: ACE2 and TMPRSS2 are crucial for SARS-CoV-2 entry into the cell. Loss of ACE2 leads to severe clinical symptoms of COVID-19. In this study, it was found that ACE2 expression was significantly higher in the lung and heart tissues of neonatal mice compared to adults, while TMPRSS2 expression was developmentally regulated. ACE2 expression was also upregulated in adult female lungs compared to males. Dexamethasone treatment increased ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression in both neonatal and adult mice, enhancing infection with SARS-CoV-2. These findings suggest that individuals taking dexamethasone may be more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Joanna C. Dionne, Jennie Johnstone, Diane Heels-Ansdell, Erick Duan, Francois Lauzier, Yaseen M. Arabi, Neill K. J. Adhikari, Wendy Sligl, Peter Dodek, Bram Rochwerg, John C. Marshall, Daniel J. Niven, David R. Williamson, Steven Reynolds, Nicole Zytaruk, Deborah Cook
Summary: This nested cohort study examined the incidence, prevalence, timing, severity, predictors, and outcomes of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) among critical illness patients. The results showed a low incidence and prevalence of CDI, with mild to moderate severity. CDI was not associated with hospital mortality but was associated with a longer hospital stay.
JOURNAL OF CRITICAL CARE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Mostafa Kamaleldin, Sebastian Kilcommons, Dawn Opgenorth, Kirsten Fiest, Constantine Jason Karvellas, Jim Kutsogiannis, Vincent Lau, Erika MacIntyre, Bram Rochwerg, Janek Senaratne, Jocelyn Slemko, Wendy Sligl, Xiaoming Wang, Sean M. Bagshaw, Oleksa G. Rewa
Summary: This systematic review aims to evaluate the efficacy of midodrine in vasopressor dependent shock, by conducting a review and analysis of observational trials and randomized controlled trials, assessing its impact on ICU length of stay, duration of intravenous vasopressor support, ICU and hospital mortality, hospital length of stay, and rates of ICU readmission.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Federico Angriman, Fiona Muttalib, Francois Lamontagne, Neill K. J. Adhikari, LOVIT Invest
Summary: The Lessening Organ Dysfunction with Vitamin C trial showed that vitamin C has a harmful effect on 28-day death or persistent organ dysfunction. A post hoc Bayesian reanalysis confirmed that there is a high probability of harm in using vitamin C for adult patients with infection and vasopressor support.
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Alexis Tabah, Niccolo Buetti, Quentin Staiquly, Stephane Ruckly, Murat Akova, Abdullah Tarik Aslan, Marc Leone, Andrew Conway Morris, Matteo Bassetti, Kostoula Arvaniti, Jeffrey Lipman, Ricard Ferrer, Haibo Qiu, Jose-Artur Paiva, Pedro Povoa, Liesbet De Bus, Jan De Waele, Farid Zand, Mohan Gurjar, Adel Alsisi, Khalid Abidi, Hendrik Bracht, Yoshiro Hayashi, Kyeongman Jeon, Muhammed Elhadi, Francois Barbier, Jean-Francois Timsit
Summary: This study investigated hospital-acquired bloodstream infections (HA-BSI) in 2600 adult patients from 333 ICUs in 52 countries. HA-BSI were frequently caused by Gram-negative, carbapenem-resistant, and difficult-to-treat pathogens. Antimicrobial resistance led to delays in adequate antimicrobial therapy, resulting in high mortality rates.
INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Jennie Johnstone, John Muscedere, Joanna Dionne, Erick Duan, Bram Rochwerg, John Centofanti, Simon Oczkowski, Francois Lauzier, John Marshall, Diane Heels-Ansdell, Nick Daneman, Sangeeta Mehta, Yaseen Arabi, Nicole Zytaruk, Peter Dodek, Neill K. Adhikari, Tim Karachi, Emmanuel Charbonney, Henry T. Stelfox, Arnold S. Kristof, Ian Ball, Lori Hand, Rob Fowler, Ryan Zarychanski, Charles St Arnaud, Alyson Takaoka, James Kutsogiannis, Kosar Khwaja, Wendy Sligl, Osama Loubani, Jennifer Tsang, Daphnee Lamarche, Dawn Bowdish, Michael Surette, Deborah Cook
Summary: This study aimed to analyze ICU-acquired pneumonia according to 7 definitions and estimate associated hospital mortality. The results showed that the frequency of ICU-acquired pneumonia varied by definition, and it was associated with differential increased risk of death.
JOURNAL OF CRITICAL CARE
(2023)