Article
Urology & Nephrology
Robin H. Lo, Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh, Amy S. You, Juan Carlos Ayus, Elani Streja, Christina Park, Peter Sohn, Tracy Nakata, Yoko Narasaki, Steven M. Brunelli, Csaba P. Kovesdy, Danh Nguyen, Connie M. Rhee
Summary: Both lower and higher baseline serum sodium levels were associated with a higher rate of subsequent bloodstream infections in dialysis patients. Further studies are needed to determine whether correction of dysnatremia ameliorates infection risk in this population.
CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ploutarchos Tzoulis, Julian A. Waung, Emmanouil Bagkeris, Ziad Hussein, Aiyappa Biddanda, John Cousins, Alice Dewsnip, Kanoyin Falayi, Will McCaughran, Chloe Mullins, Ammara Naeem, Muna Nwokolo, Helen Quah, Syed Bitat, Eithar Deyab, Swarupini Ponnampalam, Pierre-Marc Bouloux, Hugh Montgomery, Stephanie E. Baldeweg
Summary: Abnormal sodium levels in COVID-19 patients are associated with a higher risk of poor outcomes, with hyponatremia linked to respiratory support needs and hypernatremia correlated with increased mortality. Serum sodium values could be used for risk stratification in patients with COVID-19.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Chloe C. A. Grim, Fabian Termorshuizen, Robert J. Bosman, Olaf L. Cremer, Arend Jan Meinders, Maarten W. N. Nijsten, Peter Pickkers, Angelique M. E. de Man, Marcus J. Schultz, Peter van Vliet, Joachim D. Weigel, Hendrik J. F. Helmerhorst, Nicolette F. de Keizer, Evert de Jonge
Summary: An increase in serum sodium in the first 48 hours of ICU admission was associated with higher in-hospital mortality in patients admitted with normonatremia and hypernatremia, but no significant difference in hospital mortality was found in patients admitted with mild hyponatremia with an increase in serum sodium.
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Wattanaporn Sakkongviseth, Kanokwan Sommai, Achra Sumboonnanonda, Anirut Pattaragarn, Suroj Supavekin, Nuntawan Piyaphanee, Kraisoon Lomjansook, Yarnarin Thunsiribuddhichai, Thanaporn Chaiyapak
Summary: Acute gastroenteritis is a common cause of electrolyte imbalance in infants. This study aimed to determine the frequency and factors associated with dysnatremia at presentation and establish the ideal intravenous treatment scheme. The frequency of dysnatremia at presentation was 14%, with severe dehydration being associated with this condition. The use of isotonic solution did not promote acquired dysnatremia, highlighting the importance of guidelines recommending isotonic solution for infant rehydration.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Katharina M. Busl, Alejandro A. Rabinstein
Summary: Dysnatremia is common in aSAH patients, and can be caused by multiple factors such as cerebral salt-wasting syndrome and inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. The relationship between dysnatremia and demographic or clinical variables is inconsistent, while poor outcomes have been associated with both hyponatremia and hypernatremia in the immediate period following aSAH.
NEUROCRITICAL CARE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alexandra Helliwell, Ryan Snow, Linda C. Wendell, Bradford B. Thompson, Michael E. Reznik, Karen L. Furie, Ali Mahta
Summary: This study aimed to examine the impact of dysnatremia on outcomes in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). The results showed that there were no independent associations between hyponatremia or hypernatremia and functional outcome or vasospasm risk. However, hypernatremia was found to be associated with prolonged hospital length of stay. Therefore, careful use of hypertonic saline solutions and avoidance of unnecessary dysnatremia should be considered in patients with aSAH.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2023)
Article
Anesthesiology
Anna Foerch, Phillip Deetjen, Axel R. R. Heller
Summary: Changes in serum sodium concentrations are common among anesthesiologists and can lead to serious neurological complications. Dysnatremia and water balance disturbances are closely related, but assessment of volume status and extracellular volume can be challenging. Treatment for severe symptomatic hyponatremia involves administering hypertonic saline solution, while the cause should be investigated before treating hypernatremia. A careful and controlled approach is necessary to avoid neurological complications, and an algorithm has been developed to guide diagnosis and treatment in clinical practice.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Feixia Zheng, Xiaoyan Ye, Yuanyuan Chen, Hongying Wang, Shiyu Fang, Xulai Shi, Zhongdong Lin, Zhenlang Lin
Summary: This study investigates the management of hyponatremia in children with bacterial meningitis. It found that most cases of hyponatremia responded well to various treatments. However, prompt identification and appropriate treatment are crucial for moderate or severe hyponatremia or hypernatremia in children with bacterial meningitis.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Lenar T. Yessayan, Balazs Szamosfalvi, Mitchell H. Rosner
Summary: Disorders of serum sodium concentration are common in critically ill patients and may require customized dialysis management; controlled correction is necessary to avoid complications; continuous renal replacement therapy offers unique benefits and can be tailored to specific patient needs.
SEMINARS IN DIALYSIS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Farah Gul Khan, Saadia Sattar, Muhammad M. Yaqoob, Nida Vallani, Maryam Asad
Summary: This study investigated the frequency of dysnatremia and its association with inpatient mortality in patients admitted with COVID-19 infection. The study found that hypernatremia was frequently observed in critically ill patients who died and may be considered a predictor of mortality in COVID-19 infection.
JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Adam Gedek, Michal Materna, Pawel Majewski, Anna Z. Antosik, Monika Dominiak
Summary: This study systematically summarizes the relationship between electrolyte disturbances related to sodium and potassium and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). The findings suggest that ECT is effective and safe in patients with hyponatremia and hypernatremia, and can also effectively treat psychiatric symptoms that persist after ionic equalization. Electrolyte disturbances after ECT are rare, and succinylcholine may be the main cause of hyperkalemia. Further studies are needed to explore the impact of electrolyte concentration and various anesthetics on ECT parameters and clinical efficacy.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Maria Tomkins, Sarah Lawless, Julie Martin-Grace, Mark Sherlock, Chris J. Thompson
Summary: This article primarily introduces the diagnosis and treatment of central diabetes insipidus, as well as the related physiological disturbances. Recent developments in diagnostic techniques have improved the accuracy and acceptability of the diagnostic approach. The article also discusses the management of fluid intake and pharmacological replacement of AVP, as well as the management of related clinical syndromes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Philip J. G. M. Voets, Sophie C. Frolke, Nils P. J. Vogtlander, Karin A. H. Kaasjager
Summary: The study found that hypernatremia is more common in COVID-19 patients, while hyponatremia is also frequent in this group. The mortality rate is higher among COVID-19 patients who develop water and sodium balance disorders.
SAGE OPEN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Diego Lopez de Lara, Jorge Gabriel Ruiz-Sanchez, Martin Cuesta, German Seara, Alfonso Luis Calle-Pascual, Miguel Angel Rubio Herrera, Isabelle Runkle, Joseph George Verbalis
Summary: Adjusting fluid intake based on thirst can reduce the risk of hyponatremia without negatively affecting race completion times.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shin Koike, Yasuko Tanaka, Yoshiyuki Morishita, Kenichi Ishibashi
Summary: The study investigated the expression of AQP1, AQP4, and AQP11 in mouse models with acute hyponatremia and hypernatremia. Results showed that acute hyponatremia enhanced AQP4 expression in KO mice, while acute hypernatremia increased AQP4 but decreased AQP1 expression by half in KO mice. AQP4 plays a key role in brain edema regulation at the blood-brain barrier, suggesting that AQP11 may also be involved in osmotic regulation in the brain.