Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Catia Martins, Jessica Roekenes, Gary R. Hunter, Barbara A. Gower
Summary: This study explored the association between ketosis and resting metabolic rate, revealing a positive correlation between ketone body concentration and metabolic adaptation in female individuals with obesity, but not in males.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Review
Geochemistry & Geophysics
George N. Somero
Summary: The ability of marine organisms to thrive in various environmental stressors highlights the importance of biochemical adaptation in maintaining a balance between structural stability and functional flexibility. Comparative studies of marine animals have shed light on fundamental properties of life common to all organisms.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Thomas H. Boag, William Gearty, Richard G. Stockey
Summary: The latitudinal gradient of increasing marine biodiversity from the poles to the tropics is a noticeable pattern, but low-latitude regions are expected to be most affected by climate change. Fossil evidence suggests that biodiversity peaks may have occurred further away from the equator in the past, possibly due to transitions between climate states.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Ayyoob Sharifi, Dahlia Simangan, Chui Ying Lee, Sheryl Rose Reyes, Tarek Katramiz, Jairus Carmela Josol, Leticia Dos Muchangos, Hassan Virji, Shinji Kaneko, Thea Kersti Tandog, Leorence Tandog, Moinul Islam
Summary: This paper provides a systematic review of recent literature on the interactions between climate change and events that undermine peace, highlighting the geographic focus, methodological approaches, and major findings in the research. The study reveals that certain climatic stressors may contribute to conflicts through direct or indirect pathways, but also emphasizes the importance of considering a wide range of contextual socio-economic and institutional factors in understanding the complexities of climate-conflict relationships. Gaps in research and areas for further investigation are also identified.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Han Zhao, Chen Dan, Bryon Aragam, Tommi S. Jaakkola, Geoffrey J. Gordon, Pradeep Ravikumar
Summary: This paper presents an information theoretic analysis of the tradeoffs between accuracy and invariance in learning invariant representations for classification and regression tasks. The results shed new light on the fundamental interplay between accuracy and invariance, and can guide the design of future representation learning algorithms.
JOURNAL OF MACHINE LEARNING RESEARCH
(2022)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Alexa D. Faulkner, Christian R. Burgess
Summary: The study investigates the effects of metabolic demands on cortical coding and finds that food restriction has an impact on visual processing.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rachael E. Blake, Jill A. Olin
Summary: Coastal ecosystems play a crucial role in absorbing and recovering from climate change impacts. However, human-induced stressors in these ecosystems are increasing due to accelerating climate change. Using saltmarsh mesocosms, this study examined the effects of herbivory and chemical pollution on Spartina alterniflora. The results showed mixed multi-stressor effects, with a slightly more antagonistic relationship between stressors than expected. Additionally, the study uncovered an indirect positive effect of oil on Spartina through the reduction of insect herbivores.
MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Corey M. Knowles, David Goich, Amanda L. M. Bloom, Murat C. Kalem, John C. Panepinto
Summary: In response to host-relevant stress, the human pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans must reprogram its translatome, remove pro-growth mRNAs from the translating pool, and allow stress-responsive mRNAs to enter the pool. The removal of pro-growth mRNAs is controlled by Gcn2-mediated translation initiation repression and Ccr4-mediated decay. Translatome reprogramming in response to oxidative stress requires both Gcn2 and Ccr4, while the response to temperature stress only requires Ccr4. The induction of the integrated stress response (ISR) regulon is observed, where translation of the ISR transcription factor Gcn4 is induced, but not necessarily transcription of target genes in response to all stresses.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Mert Sevil, Mudassir Rashid, Iman Hajizadeh, Mohammad Reza Askari, Nicole Hobbs, Rachel Brandt, Minsun Park, Laurie Quinn, Ali Cinar
Summary: The study focuses on detecting and discriminating acute psychological stress (APS) and physical activity (PA) using wristband biosignals. Through experiments, an accurate classification of concurrent PA and APS states was achieved, providing insights into monitoring the risk factors for acute events in people with chronic diseases.
COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Economics
Syeda Mariya Absar, Ryan A. McManamay, Benjamin L. Preston, Adam M. Taylor
Summary: Scenarios are crucial in evaluating the environmental impacts of future energy pathways, but policymakers need to be aware of potential technological, economic, and environmental obstacles to avoid long-term and binding decisions. A framework integrating global socioeconomic scenarios with energy policy assumptions is proposed in this study to ensure realistic evaluation of technological alternatives in relation to techno-economic constraints and environmental tradeoffs.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rola El Sayed, Yolla Haibe, Ghid Amhaz, Youssef Bouferraa, Ali Shamseddine
Summary: Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, but resistance to checkpoint inhibition remains a challenge due to factors such as immune-sensitive tumors becoming immune-resistant and tumor microenvironment contributing to immune-resistance. Understanding the complex metabolic networks within the tumor microenvironment controlling immune response is essential for developing effective therapeutic strategies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Yasser Nabil, Hesham ElSawy, Suhail Al-Dharrab, Hassan Mostafa, Hussein Attia
Summary: This article studies data aggregation in large-scale IoT networks and develops a novel mathematical model to characterize the interplay between data granularity, transmission reliability, and delay. Two accurate approximations based on Poisson point process are proposed for transmission reliability analysis. A PH/PH/1 queueing model is proposed for delay analysis.
IEEE INTERNET OF THINGS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Wenjing Wang, Yanqing Sheng, Ming Jiang
Summary: The study observed a decrease in the relative abundance of Microcystis with increasing salinity in a coastal river environment. Salinity was found to influence the growth, metabolism, and toxin production of Microcystis, potentially increasing the risk of microcystin exposure in coastal rivers during cyanobacterial blooms.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
S. Torhan, C. A. Grady, I Ajibade, E. K. Galappaththi, R. R. Hernandez, J. Musah-Surugu, A. M. Nunbogu, A. C. Segnon, Y. Shang, N. Ulibarri, D. Campbell, E. T. Joe, J. Penuelas, J. Sardans, M. A. R. Shah
Summary: Food-energy-water systems are vulnerable to natural hazards and climate change risks. Adaptations to these vulnerabilities are occurring globally, with a focus on food security. There are interconnected relationships between different variables characterizing these adaptations. However, there is a need to consider interconnectivity and adopt a nexus approach in future adaptations.
Article
Cell Biology
Michael L. Kamradt, Ji-Ung Jung, Kathryn M. Pflug, Dong W. Lee, Victor Fanniel, Raquel Sitcheran
Summary: The study reveals that NF-kappa B-inducing kinase (NIK) regulates mitochondrial morphology to promote invasion of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells, and that under glucose deprivation, the fission and localization of NIK and DRP1 in mitochondria increase. NIK deficiency leads to decreased mitochondrial respiration, ATP production, and spare respiratory capacity (SRC). The findings suggest that NIK plays a critical role in bioenergetic stress responses to promote GBM cell pathogenesis independently of IKK.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2021)
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Pei-Ru Chen, Peng-Fei Xia
Summary: Carbon dioxide plays a crucial role in mitigating global climate change and supporting life on Earth. Synthetic biology and metabolic engineering offer a promising approach to enhance CO2 fixation by combining the advantages of autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms. This article reviews the current progress in constructing synthetic CO2 fixation pathways, discusses the underlying design principles and challenges, and provides insights into the future of carbon recycling through engineered synthetic carbon fixation pathways.
CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2024)
