Article
Immunology
Hong-Dou Chen, Xu Wang, Shu-Le Yu, Yue-Hui Ding, Meng-Lei Wang, Jin-Na Wang
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of peramivir and oseltamivir in the treatment of severe influenza A with primary viral pneumonia, showing that peramivir is no less effective than oseltamivir. Patients treated with peramivir had significantly shorter remission times of fever symptoms than those treated with oseltamivir, providing guidance for clinical medication.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Linfeng Guo, Weilian Bao, Shuiyuan Yang, Yang Liu, Jiaren Lyu, Ting Wang, Yan Lu, Hong Li, Haiyan Zhu, Daofeng Chen
Summary: This study aims to investigate the protective effect and mechanism of Xuanbai-Chengqi decoction (XCD) on the pulmonary/intestinal barrier guided by the theory of gut-lung concurrent treatment. Moreover, the compatibility mechanism of rhubarb in XCD was elucidated.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Sebastian Wurster, Jezreel Pantaleon Garcia, Nathaniel D. Albert, Ying Jiang, Keerthi Bhoda, Vikram V. Kulkarni, Yongxing Wang, Thomas J. Walsh, Scott Evans, Dimitrios P. Kontoyiannis
Summary: We established a novel corticosteroid-immunosuppressed murine model of influenza-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (IAPA), highlighting the detrimental effect of corticosteroid therapy on the outcomes of IAPA and providing a preclinical platform to study its pathogenesis and therapy.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Nagarjuna R. Cheemarla, Timothy A. Watkins, Valia T. Mihaylova, Ellen F. Foxman
Summary: This study investigated the interactions between influenza A virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in a coinfection model. The results showed that influenza A virus induced a stronger interferon response and suppressed SARS-CoV-2 replication, while SARS-CoV-2 did not enhance host cell defense or inhibit influenza A virus replication. Treatment with oseltamivir, an antiviral targeting influenza, reduced influenza A virus replication but also weakened the host antiviral response and promoted SARS-CoV-2 replication.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Paulina Koszalka, Kanta Subbarao, Mariana Baz
Summary: Antiviral drugs are important for controlling influenza, especially for severe cases. Combination therapy can reduce the development of drug resistance and improve outcomes for severe patients. Clinical trials can evaluate the effectiveness of different drug combinations.
Article
Immunology
Masatoki Sato, Emi Takashita, Masahiko Katayose, Kenji Nemoto, Nobuko Sakai, Seiichiro Fujisaki, Koichi Hashimoto, Mitsuaki Hosoya
Summary: This study aimed to assess the clinical and virologic impacts of influenza and other respiratory virus co-infection in children. The results showed that respiratory viruses other than influenza were detected in 35.6% of children before antiviral treatment. Co-infection with these respiratory viruses had no significant impact on the disease course either clinically or virologically. Therefore, when multiple respiratory viruses are detected, it is important to evaluate clinical symptoms and virus levels to determine the relevant virus.
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ashjan F. Alghanem, Fahad A. Aldhahri, Abdullah U. Althemery
Summary: The study found that appropriate discontinuation of empirical antiviral therapy in hospitalized pneumonia patients who tested negative for influenza is safe, effective, and does not impact the length of stay or readmission rates.
SAUDI MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rachel J. Hagey, Menashe Elazar, Edward A. Pham, Siqi Tian, Lily Ben-Avi, Claire Bernardin-Souibgui, Matthew F. Yee, Fernando R. Moreira, Meirav Vilan Rabinovitch, Rita M. Meganck, Benjamin Fram, Aimee Beck, Scott A. Gibson, Grace Lam, Josephine Devera, Wipapat Kladwang, Khanh Nguyen, Anming Xiong, Steven Schaffert, Talia Avisar, Ping Liu, Arjun Rustagi, Carl J. Fichtenbaum, Phillip S. Pang, Purvesh Khatri, Chien-Te Tseng, Jeffery K. Taubenberger, Catherine A. Blish, Brett L. Hurst, Timothy P. Sheahan, Rhiju Das, Jeffrey S. Glenn
Summary: By targeting conserved RNA secondary structures, researchers have discovered a potential therapeutic approach that can effectively treat multiple viruses and has shown good efficacy and resistance in experiments. These findings are important for antiviral prophylaxis and post-exposure therapy.
Article
Immunology
Chien-Wei Lee, Yu-Lin Tai, Li-Min Huang, Hsin Chi, Fu-Yuan Huang, Nan-Chang Chiu, Ching-Ying Huang, Yi-Hsuan Tu, Jin-Yuan Wang, Daniel Tsung-Ning Huang
Summary: The combination therapy with clarithromycin-naproxen-oseltamivir in hospitalized pediatric influenza patients showed a faster defervescence and a more rapid decline of influenza virus titer compared to oseltamivir therapy alone. There were no differences in baseline characteristics between the two groups, and no significant differences in adverse effects such as vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain were observed in both groups.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Biology
Yansheng Li, Mingkai Xu, Yongqiang Li, Wu Gu, Gulinare Halimu, Yuqi Li, Zhichun Zhang, Libao Zhou, Hui Liao, Songyuan Yao, Huiwen Zhang, Chenggang Zhang
Summary: The study developed a recombinant protein named NMHC that induced both cross-protective antibody responses and T cell reactions, effectively protecting mice from multiple influenza virus infections. This vaccine holds promise as a candidate universal broad-spectrum vaccine for the prevention and treatment of multiple influenza viruses.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Efren Murillo-Zamora, Xochitl Trujillo, Miguel Huerta, Monica Rios-Silva, Jose Guzman-Esquivel, Veronica Benites-Godinez, Oliver Mendoza-Cano
Summary: The study showed that the survival of inpatients with influenza virus-associated pneumonia varies by pathogenic viral subtype, with the lowest survival rates observed in patients with AH1N1 infection. This effect was independent of patients' gender, age, and underlying health conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ji-Hyun Park, Beomkyu Kim, Khristine Joy C. Antigua, Ju Hwan Jeong, Chang il Kim, Won-Suk Choi, Sol Oh, Chan Hyung Kim, Eung-Gook Kim, Young Ki Choi, Yun Hee Baek, Min-Suk Song
Summary: The study found that treatment with baloxavir marboxil (BXM) in mice can lead to the emergence of resistant variants of influenza viruses. Combination therapy with BXM and oseltamivir phosphate (OS) can help mitigate the emergence of this resistance.
ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Georgios Angelidakis, Fareed Khawaja, Victor E. Mulanovich, Natalie Dailey-Garnes, Ella Ariza-Heredia, Roy F. Chemaly
Summary: This study reports on two hematopoietic cell transplant recipients with severe influenza infections who were treated with a combination of baloxavir and oseltamivir. The study discusses possible reasons for their different responses.
MICROBES AND INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Biology
Diptiman Chanda, Mohammad Rehan, Samuel R. Smith, Kevin G. Dsouza, Yong Wang, Karen Bernard, Deepali Kurundkar, Vinayak Memula, Kyoko Kojima, James A. Mobley, Gloria A. Benavides, Victor Darley-Usmar, Young-iL Kim, Jaroslaw W. Zmijewski, Jessy S. Deshane, Stijn De Langhe, Victor J. Thannickal
Summary: This study revealed the impact of cellular aging on the ability of L-MSC and AEC2s cells to form three-dimensional organoids, and found that reducing Nox4 activity may reverse critical effects of cellular aging.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Anna Egorova, Martina Richter, Maria Khrenova, Elisabeth Dietrich, Andrey Tsedilin, Elena Kazakova, Alexander Lepioshkin, Birgit Jahn, Vladimir Chernyshev, Michaela Schmidtke, Vadim Makarov
Summary: Influenza infections are often worsened by bacterial infections such as Streptococcus pneumoniae. We discovered a new compound that may be useful in the development of small molecules against influenza. This compound inhibits both viral and bacterial neuraminidases, making it a promising candidate for treating influenza pneumonia complicated by bacterial infections.
Article
Hematology
Sock Hwee Tan, Hiromi W. L. Koh, Jing Yi Chua, Bo Burla, Ching Ching Ong, Li San Lynette Teo, Xiaoxun Yang, Peter I. Benke, Hyungwon Choi, Federico Torta, A. Mark Richards, Markus R. Wenk, Mark Y. Chan
Summary: This study evaluated the longitudinal variability of 284 lipids and found that high person-specific longitudinal variation of specific nonsterol lipids is associated with the burden of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Tayfun Tumkaya, Safwan Burhanudin, Asghar Khalilnezhad, James Stewart, Hyungwon Choi, Adam Claridge-Chang
Summary: Animals use olfactory receptors to navigate mates, food, and danger. Research on Drosophila reveals that only a small fraction of olfactory sensory neurons can individually drive avoidance or attraction behavior, suggesting that most neurons have neutral effects. Additionally, wind and hunger have minimal impact on these responses. Comparisons between single- and double-ORN responses also contradict simple pooling rules, indicating that complex interactions may be responsible for the observed behavioral effects.
Article
Immunology
Hui Chen, Junqiu Wang, Yunsong Liu, Ivy Quek Ee Ling, Chih Chuan Shih, Dafei Wu, Zhiyan Fu, Raphael Tze Chuen Lee, Miao Xu, Vincent T. Chow, Sebastian Maurer-Stroh, Da Zhou, Jianjun Liu, Weiwei Zhai
Summary: This study aims to develop a computational tool for selecting the best candidate vaccine virus (CVV) based on the negative correlation between egg passage adaptation and vaccine effectiveness (VE). They characterized the pattern of sequence evolution driven by egg passage adaptation and developed a new metric known as the adaptive distance (AD) which measures the overall strength of egg passage adaptation. They found that AD is negatively correlated with influenza H3N2 vaccine effectiveness (VE) and developed a computational package called MADE to measure the adaptive distance and predict vaccine effectiveness.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daryl Zheng Hao Aw, Keng Kai Heng, Jovian Yee Han Heok, Xin Yang Kong, Hui Chen, Tong Zhang, Weiwei Zhai, Vincent T. K. Chow
Summary: This study compared the evolution of H3N2 influenza in different host cells and found specific mutations and viral quasispecies. The adaptation and virulence of the virus varied in different host species. However, there were no significant differences in the neutralizing antibody profiles of human-influenza-immune serum samples against different passaged viruses. More studies are needed to understand the complex relationships between H3N2 virus evolution, viral virulence changes, and low vaccine efficacy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Ramasamy Ponalagusamy, Jaganmohan Sangeetha
Summary: In this article, the motion of two-phase immiscible fluids in a channel with a porous medium in the presence of a magnetic field is investigated. The impact of various physiological parameters on flow dynamics and electric potential nature is studied. The results show that the Casson parameter, Darcy numbers, and electric double layer (EDL) effects are the predominant features. These findings provide guidance for the pumping effect of gas pipelines or designing microfluidic devices.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART E-JOURNAL OF PROCESS MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Review
Virology
Zheng Yao Low, Nur Zawanah Zabidi, Ashley Jia Wen Yip, Ashwini Puniyamurti, Vincent T. K. Chow, Sunil K. Lal
Summary: This review summarizes the roles of SARS-CoV-2 non-structural proteins in immune evasion and viral replication, and discusses potential therapeutic strategies for controlling the COVID-19 pandemic.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
R. Ponalagusamy, D. Murugan
Summary: The present study analyzes the solute dispersion mechanism in a circular conduit with pulsatile flow of Carreau fluid. By using dispersion technique and finite Hankel transforms, the axial solute distribution process is analyzed. The effects of various physical parameters on the dispersion environment are investigated, and an increment in the Debye-Huckel parameter is found to enhance the dispersion mechanism. Furthermore, the study highlights the clinical aspect of solute dispersion in blood and its potential applications in medical and bioengineering fields.
CHINESE JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2023)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Teluguakula Narasaraju, Amita Krishnappa, Marko Radic, Vincent T. K. Chow
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Kai Sen Tan, Sean Wei Xiang Ong, Ming Hui Koh, Douglas Jie Wen Tay, Daryl Zheng Hao Aw, Yi Wei Nah, Mohammed Ridzwan Bin Abdullah, Kristen K. Coleman, Donald K. Milton, Justin Jang Hann Chu, Vincent T. K. Chow, Paul Anantharajah Tambyah, Kwok Wai Tham
Summary: As the world transitions to COVID-19 endemicity, it is vital to study the aerosol shedding of highly transmissible SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) in order to calibrate infection control measures. This follow-up study aims to compare the aerosol shedding patterns of Omicron VOC samples with preOmicron variants.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Virology
Nur Zawanah Zabidi, Hern Liang Liew, Isra Ahmad Farouk, Ashwini Puniyamurti, Ashley Jia Wen Yip, Vindya Nilakshi Wijesinghe, Zheng Yao Low, Julian W. W. Tang, Vincent T. K. Chow, Sunil K. Lal
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has a lower fatality rate compared to SARS and MERS, but the rapid evolution of SARS-CoV-2 has led to the emergence of multiple variants with different pathogenicity and transmissibility. Older individuals and those with underlying comorbidities are at a higher risk of severe disease. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of better therapeutic and preventive approaches.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Kan Xing Wu, Thinesshwary Yogarajah, Marcus Wing Choy Loe, Parveen Kaur, Regina Ching Hua Lee, Chee Keng Mok, Yi Hao Wong, Patchara Phuektes, Li Sze Yeo, Vincent T. K. Chow, Yong Wah Tan, Justin Jang Hann Chu
Summary: The study found that peruvoside plays an important role in limiting the formation of viral factories by regulating multiple cellular signaling pathways to promote GBF1 phosphorylation, thereby reducing the formation of viral factories. In a mouse model treated with peruvoside, the viral count was significantly reduced without any apparent cytotoxicity. These findings are of great significance for studying the mechanism of broad-spectrum antiviral drugs and provide a path for the use of peruvoside as a host-directed antiviral drug.
ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Hsiao Hui Ong, Jing Liu, Yukei Oo, Mark Thong, De Yun Wang, Vincent T. Chow
Summary: Our previous study showed that HRV infection induces antiviral interferons and chemokines during the acute stage. However, the susceptibility of hNECs to reinfection by the same HRV serotype and to secondary IAV infection following prolonged primary HRV infection has not been extensively studied. This study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of HRV persistence on hNECs susceptibility to HRV reinfection and secondary IAV infection.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kristina Allgoewer, Shaohuan Wu, Hyungwon Choi, Christine Vogel
Summary: Due to the implications for pregnancy outcomes, understanding the molecular differences between Zika virus (ZIKV) and dengue virus (DENV) infections is of high interest. Through analyzing mass spectra, researchers identified 246 modified peptides with significantly differential abundance in ZIKV and DENV patients. Methionine-oxidized peptides from apolipoproteins and glycosylated peptides from immunoglobulin proteins were found to be more abundant in ZIKV patients, providing insights into the potential roles of these modifications in the infection.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
R. Ponalagusamy
Summary: This study focuses on the flow of seminal fluid through the ductus efferentes and examines the role of electro-osmotic force and cilia motion. The researchers use the K-L fluid model to describe the constitutive equation of semen liquid and solve the main equations of ciliary flow. They find that the introduction of electric force in the ciliary flow system decreases flow impedance and increases plug core radius. The study also investigates the effects of physiological parameters on the flow rates of rhesus monkey and human semen. By introducing an electric field and using a rheology model, the researchers are able to reduce flow resistance and increase the flow velocity of seminal fluid, which is beneficial for fertilization.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART E-JOURNAL OF PROCESS MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jing Kai Chang, Guoshou Teo, Yael Pewzner-Jung, Daniel J. Cuthbertson, Anthony H. Futerman, Markus R. Wenk, Hyungwon Choi, Federico Torta
Summary: In this study, an untargeted lipidomics workflow using Q-RAI DIA approach was proposed, which enables simultaneous identification and reproducible relative quantification of lipids. This method was validated using lipid extracts from human plasma and serum samples from CerS2 null mice, and several lipid species significantly different between groups were identified.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)