Article
Neurosciences
George Zacharopoulos, Roi Kadosh Cohen
Summary: Working memory capacity is crucial for cognition, with persistent activity in parietal and frontal regions playing key roles. Glutamate in the left intraparietal sulcus positively correlates with WM capacity, while parieto-cingulate connectivity negatively correlates with WM capacity, mediating the relationship between glutamate concentration and WM capacity.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Romain Dumont, Steve Majerus, Michel Hansenne
Summary: This study investigated the impact of tDCS on working memory performance by stimulating the left intraparietal sulcus (IPS) area, and found no significant differences in accuracy or reaction time between anodal, cathodal, and sham conditions. This adds to the conflicting evidence regarding the modulatory effects of single session tDCS on working memory.
PSYCHOLOGICA BELGICA
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Lauren L. Richmond, Jesse Q. Sargent, Jeffrey M. Zacks
Summary: This study reveals the neural correlates of successful spatial memory in healthy older adults. The findings suggest that larger brain activity during learning of spatial information and larger deactivation of canonical spatial memory regions during retrieval are crucial for effective spatial memory in late life.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Robert A. Cortes, Emily G. Peterson, David J. M. Kraemer, Robert A. Kolvoord, David H. Uttal, Nhi Dinh, Adam B. Weinberger, Richard J. Daker, Ian M. Lyons, Daniel Goldman, Adam E. Green
Summary: The current debate focuses on the potential of neuroscience in education, particularly whether neural changes related to learning can predict learning transfer more effectively than traditional performance-based assessments. A study conducted in STEM classrooms found that a curriculum designed to enhance spatial cognition led to improved verbal reasoning skills. The results also suggested that the gains in spatial cognition predicted and mediated the improvements in reasoning abilities. Longitudinal fMRI analyses revealed learning-related changes in neural activity, connectivity, and representational similarity in regions associated with spatial cognition. These neural changes were found to predict and mediate learning transfer. Ensemble modeling demonstrated better predictive power of transfer based on neural changes compared to traditional measures such as tests and grades. The findings support the inclusion of spatial education in schools and indicate that neural changes can inform the development of transferable curricula in the future.
Article
Neurosciences
Daming Li, Christos Constantinidis, John D. Murray
Summary: This study investigates the neural encoding of working memory delay activity, and findings from single-neuron spike-train data indicate that intermittent burst firing is not a major contributor to this process.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Giedre Stripeikyte, Michael Pereira, Giulio Rognini, Jevita Potheegadoo, Olaf Blanke, Nathan Faivre
Summary: This study found that self-generated stimuli are attenuated in numerosity estimations compared to externally generated stimuli, showing a larger underestimation for self-generated words. While the ability to track errors about numerosity estimations was similar across conditions, the linear relationship between reported and actual number of words was stronger for self-generated words. Neuroimaging results revealed increased functional connectivity in specific brain regions during numerosity underestimation for self-generated words.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Ilenia Salsano, Valerio Santangelo, Emiliano Macaluso
Summary: Previous studies have shown that long-term memory associated with object positions in natural scenes can guide visuo-spatial attention during subsequent search tasks. Memory-guided attention involves the activation of memory regions and the fronto-parietal attention network, which represent external locations with different frames of reference. The study used behavioral measures and fMRI to assess the roles of egocentric and allocentric spatial information during memory-guided attention, revealing that memory contributes to visual search regardless of changes in perspective.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Eric Mooshagian, Eric A. Yttri, Arthur D. Loewy, Lawrence H. Snyder
Summary: The canonical view of motor control states that distal muscles are primarily controlled by the contralateral cerebral hemisphere. However, recent studies have shown that the parietal reach region in the contralateral hemisphere plays a significant role in reach preparation.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Anna A. Matejko, Daniel Ansari
Summary: The study found that both children and adults recruited the intraparietal sulcus (IPS) for visuospatial working memory and arithmetic, but adults recruited additional brain regions compared to children. Adults recruited a more left-lateralized network of frontoparietal regions for visuospatial working memory and arithmetic compared to children.
JOURNAL OF COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Jonathan Tablante, Lani Krossa, Tannaz Azimi, Lang Chen
Summary: Math learning difficulty (MLD) is a learning disorder characterized by persistent impairments in the understanding and application of numbers independent of intelligence or schooling. This study reviews existing neuroimaging studies to identify the neurobiological basis of MLD and found consistent dysfunction in the right intraparietal sulcus (IPS) and a distributed network of brain regions. The core dysfunction in IPS and the upregulated functions in various brain regions serve as the neurobiological basis of MLD.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lukas Hensel, Fabian Lange, Caroline Tscherpel, Shivakumar Viswanathan, Jana Freytag, Lukas J. Volz, Simon B. Eickhoff, Gereon R. Fink, Christian Grefkes
Summary: This study assessed the contributions of the ipsilesional and contralesional anterior intraparietal cortex (aIPS) for hand motor function in stroke patients and found increased resting-state connectivity in patients with good motor outcome. Interhemispheric connectivity was also found to be correlated with better motor performance.
Article
Neurosciences
Melissa Newton, Savannah L. Cookson, Mark D'Esposito, Andrew S. Kayser
Summary: The study indicates that subregions within the intraparietal sulcus (IPS) exhibit activity responsive to abstract decision-making, and it suggests that IPS may be organized into frontoparietal subnetworks that support hierarchical cognitive control.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Sihai Li, Christos Constantinidis, Xue-Lian Qi
Summary: The study investigated the roles of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and posterior parietal cortex in working memory, finding that neuronal activity can predict categorical judgments of information and deviations in firing rates reflect the contents of working memory.
Article
Neurosciences
Ana Arsenovic, Anja Ischebeck, Natalia Zaretskaya
Summary: This study found that different regions of the human visual system respond to illusory shapes, with the intraparietal sulcus areas showing a preference towards contralateral shapes. Additionally, as task difficulty increased, anterior areas displayed response attenuation. The research suggests that the intraparietal sulcus can represent illusory content generated not only by moving stimuli, but also by stationary stimuli.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Tarik Jamoulle, Qian Ran, Karen Meersmans, Jolien Schaeverbeke, Patrick Dupont, Rik Vandenberghe
Summary: Visual consciousness is influenced by the interplay between endogenous selection and exogenous capture. This study focused on the effects of stimulus saliency on brain activity patterns in the cortex surrounding the intraparietal sulcus (IPS). Contrary to predictions, conflicts between endogenous and exogenous attention had an early effect in the IPS, indicating the presence of an endogenous component in responding to salient stimuli.
Review
Neurosciences
Sihai Li, Xin Zhou, Christos Constantinidis, Xue-Lian Qi
FRONTIERS IN NEURAL CIRCUITS
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Joao Barbosa, Heike Stein, Rebecca L. Martinez, Adria Galan-Gadea, Sihai Li, Josep Dalmau, Kirsten C. S. Adam, Josep Valls-Sole, Christos Constantinidis, Albert Compte
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Mohsen Parto Dezfouli, Mohammad Zarei, Christos Constantinidis, Mohammad Reza Daliri
Summary: The study found that neural population-level activity within the PFC shows differences during a feature matching decision-making task, with the non-match condition exhibiting higher firing rate and lower variability compared to the match condition. The feature matching task also demonstrated faster behavioral response time, attributed to higher task-relevant attentional level.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Sihai Li, Christos Constantinidis, Xue-Lian Qi
Summary: The study investigated the roles of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and posterior parietal cortex in working memory, finding that neuronal activity can predict categorical judgments of information and deviations in firing rates reflect the contents of working memory.
Review
Neurosciences
Saravanan Subramaniam, David T. Blake, Christos Constantinidis
Summary: DBS has emerged as a potential treatment for memory and cognitive impairment in neurodegenerative diseases. Stimulating specific brain structures, such as the nucleus basalis of Meynert, can enhance cortical activity and potentially ameliorate neuropathological mechanisms associated with Alzheimer's disease. High-frequency, continuous stimulation may not be suitable for Alzheimer's disease, and lower stimulation frequency or intermittent patterns of stimulation may be more effective when targeting the cholinergic forebrain.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Wenhao Dang, Russell J. Jaffe, Xue-Lian Qi, Christos Constantinidis
Summary: The study found that training induced a modest increase in the proportion of PFC neurons with NMS exclusively for spatial working memory, but not for shape working memory tasks; additionally, increasing working memory task complexity did not increase the degree of NMS for stimulus shape with other task variables; and there was no evidence found that NMS is predictive of task performance.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Daming Li, Christos Constantinidis, John D. Murray
Summary: This study investigates the neural encoding of working memory delay activity, and findings from single-neuron spike-train data indicate that intermittent burst firing is not a major contributor to this process.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gregory E. Alberto, Jennifer R. Stapleton-Kotloski, David C. Klorig, Emily R. Rogers, Christos Constantinidis, James B. Daunais, Dwayne W. Godwin
Summary: The study presents a platform, optoMEG, that combines optogenetic techniques with high-resolution magnetic source imaging to map network activation in nonhuman primates. This approach allows for precise localization of experimentally produced deep sources within the intact brain. It is suitable for exploring causal relationships between discrete brain regions through optogenetic control and simultaneous whole brain MEG recording.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Xue-Lian Qi, Ruifeng Liu, Balbir Singh, David Bestue, Albert Compte, Almira Vazdarjanova, David T. Blake, Christos Constantinidis
Summary: Acetylcholine in the neocortex plays a critical role in enhancing cognitive functioning. Stimulation of the nucleus basalis affects working memory and alters neural coding. Despite a decrease in neuronal selectivity after stimulation, performance improves in many task conditions, likely indicating increased delay period stability.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hua Tang, Mitchell R. Riley, Balbir Singh, Xue-Lian Qi, David T. Blake, Christos Constantinidis
Summary: Training in working memory tasks induces lasting changes in prefrontal cortical activity, including increased neuronal recruitment, changes in firing rate, alterations in correlation structure between neurons, and redistribution of power across LFP frequency bands. Additionally, activity changes induced by the learned task can also be observed in a control task.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yichen Henry Liu, Junda Zhu, Christos Constantinidis, Xin Zhou
Summary: The study found that there are progressive changes in prefrontal activity during working memory and response inhibition tasks from adolescence to adulthood, revealing universal properties underlying neuronal computations and the nature of changes that occur as a result of developmental maturation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Balbir Singh, Zhengyang Wang, Xue-Lia Qi, Christos Constantiids
Summary: Learning to perform cognitive tasks induces cortical plasticity, which is reflected in changes in local field potential (LFP) power. This includes a reduction in power in the 20-40 Hz range during stimulus presentations and delay periods, and is consistent across different task types.
Review
Neurosciences
Janki M. Bava, Zhengyang Wang, Sarah K. Bick, Dario J. Englot, Christos Constantinidis
Summary: Acetylcholine is a crucial neurotransmitter for cognitive function. Cholinergic drugs and deep brain stimulation (DBS) both improve cognitive performance. Animal studies have shown that DBS stimulation of the nucleus basalis of Meynert is as effective as cholinesterase inhibitors in enhancing cognitive performance. Unlike pharmacological treatments, DBS does not lose efficacy over time and has minimal side effects. These findings suggest that further research and human trials should explore the therapeutic potential of DBS for cognitive impairments in neurodegenerative disorders.
Article
Neurosciences
Rana Mozumder, Christos Constantinidis
Summary: Information in working memory is reflected in the firing rate of neurons in the prefrontal cortex and connected brain areas. Population measures are found to capture neural correlates of cognitive functions more accurately. The firing rate in the prefrontal cortex predicts working memory behavior, and population measures reveal trajectories in the state space that become less separated in error trials.
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Russell J. Jaffe, Christos Constantinidis
Summary: Working memory is the ability to maintain and manipulate information in the conscious mind over a short period of time, primarily achieved through the persistent discharges of neurons in a network of brain areas. Neural correlates of WM have been found in species beyond primates, including rodents and corvids. The network of excitatory and inhibitory neurons plays a critical role in maintaining neuronal activity.
COMPREHENSIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)