Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mohamad El Haj, Claire Boutoleau-Bretonniere, Guillaume Chapelet
Summary: In this study, the researchers measured the pupil dilation of both older and younger adults while they performed tasks requiring cognitive inhibition. The results showed that both age groups had fewer accurate responses in the interference condition compared to the color-naming and word-reading conditions. Additionally, larger pupil dilation was observed in the interference condition for both older and younger adults.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Francesco Bellanti, Aurelio Lo Buglio, Stefano Quiete, Gianluigi Vendemiale
Summary: Malnutrition has a significant impact on clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients, but it is often underdiagnosed and undertreated. Therefore, accurate screening tools are essential to identify patients at risk and develop personalized nutritional interventions.
Article
Psychology, Mathematical
Ana Vilotijevic, Sebastiaan Mathot
Summary: People have better detection in peripheral vision when their pupils are larger and better discrimination in central vision when their pupils are smaller. However, it is not clear if our visual system dilates pupils when attention is focused on peripheral vision. In three experiments, we found that pupil size increases with attentional breadth, both when attention is broadly spread and when it is directed to specific locations in peripheral vision. Our findings suggest that cognitively driven pupil dilation is an adaptive response that emphasizes peripheral vision, rather than a marker of locus coeruleus activity as previously assumed.
PSYCHONOMIC BULLETIN & REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Brian Downer, Soham Al Snih, Lin-Na Chou, Yong-Fang Kuo, Mukaila Raji, Kyriakos S. Markides, Kenneth J. Ottenbacher
Summary: Mexican American Medicare beneficiaries show an increase in hospitalizations and ER admissions before a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD), followed by a decrease after the diagnosis. This highlights the importance of timely diagnosis of ADRD for older Mexican Americans.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Lily Y. -L. Chang, Nicolas Palanca-Castan, David Neira, Adrian G. Palacios, Monica L. Acosta
Summary: This study used common degus as a model for aging and Alzheimer's disease, and found a significant presence of cataracts in adult degus and an increase in intraocular pressure with advancing age. Age had a significant effect on the maximum pupil constriction, while other pupil parameters changed in an age-independent manner.
FRONTIERS IN INTEGRATIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laura Ferre-Gonzalez, Carmen Pena-Bautista, Lourdes alvarez-Sanchez, Ines Ferrer-Cairols, Miguel Baquero, Consuelo Chafer-Pericas
Summary: The clinical validation of an Alzheimer's disease diagnosis model based on lipid peroxidation compounds showed satisfactory diagnostic indexes and a new screening tool incorporating the ApoE genotype was developed to improve identification of patients at higher risk of developing AD and enhance diagnostic accuracy.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jean-Philippe Vit, Dieu-Trang Fuchs, Ariel Angel, Aharon Levy, Itschak Lamensdorf, Keith L. Black, Yosef Koronyo, Maya Koronyo-Hamaoui
Summary: The ViS4M maze is a novel tool for assessing color and contrast vision in mice based on innate exploratory behavior. It was used to evaluate visual impairments in AD(+) mice and aged WT mice, revealing early color and contrast deficits in AD(+) mice and transition deficits in aged WT mice.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Pediatrics
Matthew Lam, Donny Suh
Summary: Vision is crucial for a child's development and quality of life. Early identification and treatment of eye disease can prevent long-term vision impairment. This review provides information on common causes of pediatric vision impairment, recommended screening guidelines, and current treatment options.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
A. Balasundaram, Sruthi Srinivasan, A. Prasad, Jahan Malik, Ayush Kumar
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a neurological condition causing cognitive decline and memory loss due to brain cell death. This research proposes a novel approach using a reduced dataset to accurately predict and quickly train the disease. It leverages image segmentation to separate the hippocampus region from brain MRI images and compares models trained on segmented and complete images. Deep learning is used for severity classification and supervised and ensemble learning algorithms are used to detect Alzheimer's using the segmented hippocampus region. The proposed approach shows effectiveness in early diagnosis.
ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Wuhan Yu, Weihua Yu, Yan Yang, Yang Lu
Summary: This study identified 16 hub genes related to the neuropathological stage and 35 potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of AD. The diagnostic model showed high accuracy in both validation and combined datasets. Additionally, WWTR1 was identified as a candidate gene for future research.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Babak Zandi, Moritz Lode, Alexander Herzog, Georgios Sakas, Tran Quoc Khanh
Summary: This study developed an open-source pupillometry platform competitive with high-end commercial stereo eye-tracking systems, offering a selection of advanced pupil detection algorithms and high-precision measurement capabilities to meet the requirements of professional pupil response research.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Margot D. Sullivan, Ringo Huang, Joseph Rovetti, Erika P. Sparrow, Julia Spaniol
Summary: The study found that arousal has a significant impact on decision-making behavior in both younger and older adults. Higher arousal levels were associated with shorter response times and risk preferences, with younger adults showing more risk aversion and older adults showing more risk seeking in high-arousal conditions.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2021)
Article
Biology
Maria Ribeiro, Miguel Castelo-Branco
Summary: Ageing is associated with decreased brain signal variability and increased behavioral variability. In this study, we found that although older adults showed reduced variability in ongoing brain signals compared to younger adults, the variability in evoked responses was equal once the effect of ongoing signal fluctuations was adjusted for. Additionally, the modulation of evoked responses caused by ongoing signal fluctuations did not affect reaction time, explaining why behavioral variability is not increased in older individuals despite decreased ongoing brain signal variability.
Article
Robotics
Minsung Kim, Sehui Chang, Minsu Kim, Ji-Eun Yeo, Min Seok Kim, Gil Ju Lee, Dae-Hyeong Kim, Young Min Song
Summary: With the rise of mobile robotics, developing artificial vision for high-contrast and high-acuity imaging in vertically uneven illumination conditions has become crucial. Inspired by the cuttlefish eye, researchers have created an artificial vision system with a W-shaped pupil, a single ball lens, a flexible polarizer, and a cylindrical silicon photodiode array. This system allows for balancing uneven illumination and achieving high-contrast and high-acuity imaging.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Kai Liu, Jiasong Li, Raksha Raghunathan, Hong Zhao, Xuping Li, Stephen T. C. Wong
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major neurodegenerative disease that poses a significant social and economic burden with unclear pathogenesis and limited treatment options. Traditional diagnostic methods have limitations, while label-free optical imaging techniques offer potential for more accurate and detailed analysis of AD biomarkers.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Pratishtha Chatterjee, Steve Pedrini, James D. Doecke, Rohith Thota, Victor L. Villemagne, Vincent Dore, Abhay K. Singh, Penghao Wang, Stephanie Rainey-Smith, Christopher Fowler, Kevin Taddei, Hamid R. Sohrabi, Mark P. Molloy, David Ames, Paul Maruff, Christopher C. Rowe, Colin L. Masters, Ralph N. Martins
Summary: This study investigated the changes in several blood biomarkers across the AD continuum and their associations with cognitive decline and brain Aβ-PET load. The results showed that plasma Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40 ratio decreased, p-tau181 and GFAP increased in predicting the β-amyloid positive/negative status across the AD continuum.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kelsey R. R. Sewell, Stephanie R. R. Rainey-Smith, Jeremiah Peiffer, Hamid R. R. Sohrabi, Kevin Taddei, David Ames, Paul Maruff, Colin L. L. Masters, Christopher C. C. Rowe, Ralph N. N. Martins, Kirk I. I. Erickson, Belinda M. M. Brown
Summary: This study examined the association between objectively measured physical activity and cognition in older adults over 8 years. The results showed that higher energy expenditure, physical activity intensity, and total activity were associated with better episodic recall memory and global cognition. These findings suggest that physical activity may preserve cognitive function, with activity intensity playing a significant role.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Pratishtha Chatterjee, Lisa Vermunt, Brian A. Gordon, Steve Pedrini, Lynn Boonkamp, Nicola J. Armstrong, Chengjie Xiong, Abhay K. Singh, Yan Li, Hamid R. Sohrabi, Kevin Taddei, Mark Molloy, Tammie L. S. Benzinger, John C. Morris, Celeste Karch, Sarah Berman, Jasmeer Chhatwal, Carlos Cruchaga, Neill R. Graff-Radford, Gregory S. Day, Martin Farlow, Nick Fox, Alison Goate, Jason Hassenstab, Jae-Hong Lee, Johannes Levin, Eric McDade, Hiroshi Mori, Richard Perrin, Raquel Sanchez-Valle, Peter R. Schofield, Allan Levey, Mathias Jucker, Colin L. Masters, Anne M. Fagan, Randall J. Bateman, Ralph N. Martins, Charlotte Teunissen
Summary: This study found that plasma GFAP levels increase a decade before symptom onset in AD and are associated with Aβ load, neurodegeneration, and cognitive decline.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Natasha Krishnadas, Vincent Dore, Joanne S. Robertson, Larry Ward, Christopher Fowler, Colin L. Masters, Pierrick Bourgeat, Jurgen Fripp, Victor L. Villemagne, Christopher C. Rowe
Summary: Tau accumulation in Alzheimer's disease (AD) occurs slowly and varies according to brain region and disease stage, plateauing at high levels. The rate of accumulation is best measured in the mesial temporal lobe and inferior temporal cortex in preclinical AD, and in large neocortical areas in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Pierrick Bourgeat, N. Krishnadas, V. Dore, R. Mulligan, R. Tyrrell, S. Bozinovski, K. Huang, J. Fripp, V. L. Villemagne, C. C. Rowe, Alzheimers Dis Neuroimaging Initiat, A. I. B. L. Res Grp
Summary: By matching cases from the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) and Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) longitudinal cohort studies, F-18-MK6240 and F-18-flortaucipir (FTP) tau PET tracers were compared for longitudinal changes. The results showed that F-18-MK6240 is more sensitive to tau level changes in the preclinical stage of Alzheimer's disease.
JPAD-JOURNAL OF PREVENTION OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Hadeel Y. Tarawneh, Dona M. P. Jayakody, Shipra Verma, Vincent Dore, Ying Xia, Wilhelmina H. A. M. Mulders, Ralph N. Martins, Hamid R. Sohrabi
Summary: This study investigated whether auditory event-related potentials (AERPs) can be used to objectively identify older adults with subjective memory complaints (SMCs) who are at high risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). The results suggest that P50 latencies may be a useful tool for identifying individuals at higher risk of developing measurable cognitive decline.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Pratishtha Chatterjee, Vincent Dore, Steve Pedrini, Natasha Krishnadas, Rohith Thota, Pierrick Bourgeat, Milos D. Ikonomovic, Stephanie R. Rainey-Smith, Samantha C. Burnham, Christopher Fowler, Kevin Taddei, Rachel Mulligan, David Ames, Colin L. Masters, Jurgen Fripp, Christopher C. Rowe, Ralph N. Martins, Victor L. Villemagne
Summary: Astrocyte reactivity is associated with the elevation of plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) in Alzheimer's disease. The association between plasma GFAP and regional F-18-SMBT-1 PET is dependent on brain β-amyloid (Aβ) load.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Kelsey R. Sewell, Stephanie R. Rainey-Smith, Jeremiah Peiffer, Hamid R. Sohrabi, James Doecke, Natalie J. Frost, Shaun J. Markovic, Kirk Erickson, Belinda M. Brown
Summary: The study found that individuals with poorer sleep efficiency showed greater improvements in episodic memory and global cognition following a moderate intensity exercise intervention. This suggests that poor sleep may enhance the cognitive benefits of exercise interventions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Emma A. Koemans, Jasmeer P. Chhatwal, Susanne J. van Veluw, Ellis S. van Etten, Matthias J. P. van Osch, Marianne A. A. van Walderveen, Hamid R. Sohrabi, Mariel G. Kozberg, Zahra Shirzadi, Gisela M. Terwindt, Mark A. van Buchem, Eric E. Smith, David J. Werring, Ralph N. Martins, Marieke J. H. Wermer, Steven M. Greenberg
Summary: Cerebral amyloid angiopathy, a common age-related small vessel pathology, is associated with intracerebral haemorrhage and cognitive impairment. By studying individuals with different forms of the disease and using mouse models, researchers have identified key stages in the progression of cerebral amyloid angiopathy, which may help in developing interventions for this and other cerebral small vessel diseases.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Pierrick C. Bourgeat, Vincent Dore, Christopher Rowe, Tammie S. Benzinger, Duygu Tosun, Manu Goyal, Pamela W. LaMontagne, Liang L. Jin, Michael Weiner, Colin L. Masters, Jurgen Fripp, Victor Villemagne
Summary: This study developed a universal mask for quantification of amyloid beta positron emission tomography tracers. There was a high overlap between the tracer-specific masks. The existing standard Centiloid mask is suitable for quantification of all amyloid beta tracers.
ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA: DIAGNOSIS, ASSESSMENT & DISEASE MONITORING
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Victor Villemagne, Antoine Leuzy, Sandra Sanabria Bohorquez, Santiago Bullich, Hitoshi C. Shimada, Christopher Rowe, Pierrick Bourgeat, Brian Lopresti, Kun Huang, Natasha Krishnadas, Jurgen Fripp, Yuhei Takado, Alexandra Gogola, Davneet Minhas, Robby Weimer, Makoto Higuchi, Andrew Stephens, Oskar Hansson, Vincent Dore
Summary: This study developed multiple cortical tau tracers and generated a universal scale for cortical tau imaging. This universal scale allows for standardized quantitative measures of tau across different tracers and centers.
ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA: DIAGNOSIS, ASSESSMENT & DISEASE MONITORING
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Joshua Peters, Leo Lebrat, Rodrigo Santa Cruz, Aaron Nicolson, Gregg Belous, Salamata Konate, Parnesh Raniga, Vincent Dore, Pierrick Bourgeat, Jurgen Mejan-Fripp, Clinton Fookes, Olivier Salvado
Summary: Deep learning models are powerful tools for medical imaging problems but interpreting their predictions can be difficult. In this paper, we propose DBCE, an explainability method that provides meaningful saliency maps for medical interpretations. We demonstrate its effectiveness in identifying disease-consistent atrophy patterns and show that it outperforms other saliency methods. Our method is also repeatable for different model initializations, which is an advantage over sensitivity-based methods.
2023 IEEE/CVF WINTER CONFERENCE ON APPLICATIONS OF COMPUTER VISION (WACV)
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
A. Feizpour, V. Dore, J. D. Doecke, Z. S. Saad, G. Triana-Baltzer, R. Slemmon, P. Maruff, N. Krishnadas, P. Bourgeat, K. Huang, C. Fowler, S. R. Rainey-Smith, A. I. Bush, L. Ward, J. Robertson, R. N. Martins, C. L. Masters, V. L. Villemagne, J. Fripp, H. C. Kolb, Christopher C. Rowe
Summary: Plasma p217+tau can predict the rate of cognitive decline and has similar performance to PET Aβ and tau in predicting cognitive decline. Using p217+tau can significantly reduce the cost of clinical trials, especially in participant selection, compared to PET.
JPAD-JOURNAL OF PREVENTION OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Matin Ramezani, Malika Fernando, Shaun Eslick, Prita R. Asih, Sina Shadfar, Ekanayaka M. S. Bandara, Heidi Hillebrandt, Silochna Meghwar, Maryam Shahriari, Pratishtha Chatterjee, Rohith Thota, Cintia B. Dias, Manohar L. Garg, Ralph N. Martins
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia, characterized by cognitive dysfunction and behavioral changes. Pathological markers and neural damage in AD are associated with altered brain energy metabolism. The ketogenic diet has been shown to increase ketone body production, improving brain energy metabolism and potentially affecting AD biomarkers and neuroinflammation.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jun Yuan, Steve Pedrini, Rohith Thota, James Doecke, Pratishtha Chatterjee, Hamid R. Sohrabi, Charlotte E. Teunissen, Inge M. W. Verberk, Erik Stoops, Hugo Vanderstichele, Bruno P. Meloni, Christopher Mitchell, Stephanie Rainey-Smith, Kathryn Goozee, Andrew Chi Pang Tai, Nicholas Ashton, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Junjie Gao, Delin Liu, Frank Mastaglia, Charles Inderjeeth, Minghao Zheng, Ralph N. Martins
Summary: This study investigated the association between plasma SOST levels and brain amyloid-beta load in older individuals. The results showed that plasma SOST levels were higher in individuals with brain amyloid-beta load, and the combination of plasma SOST and Aβ 42/Aβ40 ratio improved the predictive accuracy for preclinical Alzheimer's disease.
