Article
Allergy
Jonathan Corren, Tuyet-Hang Pham, Esther Garcia Gil, Kinga Salapa, Pin Ren, Jane R. Parnes, Gene Colice, Janet M. Griffiths
Summary: Tezepelumab significantly reduces T2 inflammatory biomarker levels and asthma exacerbation rates in patients with severe asthma. After 52 weeks of treatment, tezepelumab effectively reduces all measured biomarker levels and decreases asthma exacerbations.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Davida Mirra, Erika Cione, Giuseppe Spaziano, Renata Esposito, Mario Sorgenti, Elisabetta Granato, Ida Cerqua, Lucia Muraca, Pasquale Iovino, Luca Gallelli, Bruno D'Agostino
Summary: This study compares the serum expression of microRNAs between asthmatic patients, obese patients (the most common comorbidity in asthma), and healthy controls, and identifies the specific involvement of microRNAs in the regulation of lung inflammatory response. It highlights the potential of microRNAs as a clinical marker for asthma evaluation and management.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Allergy
Bogdan Jakiela, Jerzy Soja, Krzysztof Sladek, Marek Przybyszowski, Hanna Plutecka, Anna Gielicz, Ana Rebane, Grazyna Bochenek
Summary: The study investigated immune mediator profiles in the lower airways of patients with N-ERD, revealing significant heterogeneity in lower airway immune profiles of N-ERD patients, with a skew towards T2 response and eosinophilic inflammation. Blood eosinophilia appeared to be a useful predictor of airway T2 signature, but surrogate biomarkers had moderate performance in distinguishing different phenotypes of N-ERD patients.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Pier Giorgio Puzzovio, Francesca Levi-Schaffer
Summary: The understanding of the pathologic mechanisms of asthma and atopic dermatitis has improved in recent years. However, the high heterogeneity of both diseases complicates diagnosis and treatment, with current strategies mainly focusing on symptom control rather than full healing. There is a need for more personalized approaches to improve diagnosis and treatment efficacy.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Umberto Basile, Giuseppe Santini, Cecilia Napodano, Giuseppe Macis, Krizia Pocino, Francesca Gulli, Mario Malerba, Andrew Bush, Ian M. Adcock, Paolo Montuschi
Summary: This study found that serum Ig FLC concentrations were elevated in adult males with severe asthma, and these concentrations were correlated with inflammatory outcomes. These findings suggest that serum Ig FLCs could serve as potential surrogate markers of inflammation in asthma.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Allergy
Manuel J. Rial, Maria J. Alvarez-Puebla, Ebymar Arismendi, Maria L. Caballero, Jose A. Canas, Maria J. Cruz, Francisco J. Gonzalez-Barcala, Juan A. Luna, Carlos Martinez-Rivera, Joaquim Mullol, Xavier Munoz, Jose M. Olaguibel, Cesar Picado, Vicente Plaza, Santiago Quirce, Christian Romero-Mesones, Francisco-Javier Salgado, Beatriz Sastre, Lorena Soto-Retes, Antonio Valero, Marcela Valverde, Joaquin Sastre, Victora del Pozo
Summary: The MEGA project recruited 512 asthma patients, showing that severe asthmatic patients had more symptoms, exacerbations, lower asthma control, increased airflow obstruction, and higher frequency of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, severe rhinitis, anxiety and depression, gastroesophageal reflux, and bronchiectasis compared to patients with milder disease.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL ALLERGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Akira Yamasaki, Ryota Okazaki, Tomoya Harada
Summary: Eosinophilic inflammation is a characteristic of asthma, but neutrophilic inflammation can also occur. Asthma can be classified into eosinophilic asthma, neutrophilic asthma, and mixed subtypes. Neutrophilic asthma is associated with certain biomarkers and physiological pathways, as well as factors such as obesity, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and smoking. Targeting neutrophilic asthma is important, and various treatments have been tested, but more research is needed to determine the optimal treatment.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Linda Rogers, Milos Jesenak, Leif Bjermer, Nicola A. Hanania, Sven F. Seys, Zuzana Diamant
Summary: The development of monoclonal antibody therapies has revolutionized the treatment of severe asthma by targeting specific pathways and has provided further understanding of the heterogeneity of the disease. However, the availability of multiple agents requires practical guidance for specialists to make informed treatment choices for patients with severe asthma.
RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Evangelia Fouka, Kalliopi Domvri, Foteini Gkakou, Maria Alevizaki, Paschalis Steiropoulos, Despoina Papakosta, Konstantinos Porpodis
Summary: Contemporary asthma management requires a proactive and individualized approach, combining precision diagnosis and personalized treatment. The application of novel biomarkers and omics technologies is expected to improve asthma classification and treatment efficacy.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Jose M. Rodrigo-Munoz, Marta Gil-Martinez, Clara Lorente-Sorolla, Raquel Garcia-Latorre, Marcela Valverde-Monge, Santiago Quirce, Joaquin Sastre, Victoria del Pozo
Summary: MicroRNA miR-144-3p is identified as a potential diagnostic biomarker for severe asthma, as its expression is associated with the severity of the disease and corticosteroid treatment. It is increased in asthmatic lungs and serum, correlating with blood eosinophilia and genes involved in asthma pathophysiology. This miRNA shows promise as a novel biomarker for severe asthma previously treated with higher doses of corticosteroids.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Allergy
Laurits Frossing, Alexander Silberbrandt, Anna Von Buelow, Vibeke Backer, Celeste Porsbjerg
Summary: This study examined the expression levels of T2 inflammatory markers in patients with severe asthma and their relationship with clinical characteristics and comorbidities. The majority of patients exhibited at least one T2 inflammatory trait, and the coexpression of T2 biomarkers showed high heterogeneity with distinct clinical characteristics.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Piera Soccio, Giorgia Moriondo, Donato Lacedonia, Pasquale Tondo, Dalila Pescatore, Carla Maria Irene Quarato, Mauro Carone, Maria Pia Foschino Barbaro, Giulia Scioscia
Summary: This study analyzed intracellular and exosomal miRNAs in severe asthma patients and healthy controls, identifying a series of miRNAs involved in asthma. Most intracellular miRNAs were higher in asthmatic patients, while all analyzed miRNAs in exosomes were higher in severe asthma.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Giuseppe Guida, Diego Bagnasco, Vitina Carriero, Francesca Bertolini, Fabio Luigi Massimo Ricciardolo, Stefania Nicola, Luisa Brussino, Emanuele Nappi, Giovanni Paoletti, Giorgio Walter Canonica, Enrico Heffler
Summary: The development of personalized medicine has revolutionized asthma management and is crucial for future advancements. Biomarkers play a vital role in diagnosing different asthma phenotypes and predicting disease progression and treatment response. However, the currently used biomarkers have limitations in accurately segregating different asthma phenotypes, especially in severe asthma and cases with low type-2 biomarkers. Sputum inflammatory cell analysis, considered the gold standard, also has limitations in clinical applicability due to various factors. This review critically examines the role of routinely used biomarkers in asthma and provides an overview of recent evidence.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Simon Couillard, David J. Jackson, Michael E. Wechsler, Ian D. Pavord
Summary: This article reviews the clinical assessment of a 56-year-old man with difficult-to-control asthma and a history of exacerbations, highlighting the importance of identifying different asthma phenotypes and using biomarkers to guide treatment decisions. The patient was found to have severe asthma with ICS-resistant type 2 airway inflammation, and additional treatment options will be considered in the future.
Article
Allergy
Gozde Gurdeniz, Min Kim, Nicklas Brustad, Madeleine Ernst, Francesco Russo, Jakob Stokholm, Klaus Bonnelykke, David Hougaard, Morten Rasmussen, Arieh Cohen, Bo Chawes
Summary: This study establishes biomarkers of prenatal fish-oil exposure from newborn metabolomics profiles and finds that these biomarkers are associated with childhood asthma risk. The association between CMPF, a fatty acid metabolite, and asthma risk is validated in two independent cohorts. These findings suggest that newborn screening based on certain blood metabolites could aid in identifying children at risk for asthma.
