Article
Agronomy
Laura Martin, Agustin Millan, Francisco Javier Castano, Florence Fontaine
Summary: This study examines the effect of chitosan hydrochloride on the interaction between grapevines and Phaeomoniella chlamydospora, a fungus that causes trunk diseases. The results show that chitosan application reduces vascular necrosis and pathogen recovery, while increasing root development and the flavonoid index. However, foliar application does not significantly improve the foliar symptoms of Esca.
Article
Agronomy
Maria del Pilar Martinez-Diz, Emilia Diaz-Losada, Angela Diaz-Fernandez, Yolanda Bouzas-Cid, David Gramaje
Summary: This study compared the efficacy of fungicide and biological control agents in preventing infection of grapevine pruning wounds by two pathogens. Fungicide formulations were found to be more effective in controlling both pathogens during two growing seasons, with pyraclostrobin + boscalid being the most effective treatment. Trichoderma-based treatments did not reduce infection compared to the untreated control.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nasko Nachev, Mariya Spasova, Nevena Manolova, Iliya Rashkov, Mladen Naydenov
Summary: In recent years, innovative technologies such as polymer electrospinning, electrospraying, and centrifugal electrospinning have attracted special interest in the field of fibrous materials. These electrokinetic methods allow for the creation of micro- or nanofibrous materials with high specific surface area, high porosity, and various designs for diverse applications. These techniques can be used to obtain fibrous materials from both synthetic and natural biocompatible and biodegradable polymers, which are environmentally friendly. Additionally, they enable the incorporation of low-molecular substances with biological activity and biocontrol agents. This review highlights the recent progress in the development of electrospun fungicidal dressings and their potential in modern agriculture.
Article
Plant Sciences
Wassila Aigoun-Mouhous, Alla Eddine Mahamedi, Maela Leon, Cherifa Chaouia, Abdelghani Zitouni, Katerina Barankova, Ales Eichmeier, Josep Armengol, David Gramaje, Akila Berraf-Tebbal
Summary: A field survey conducted in different regions of Algeria found 70 Phaeoacremonium-like isolates and three Cadophora-like isolates in asymptomatic grapevine propagation material and symptomatic young grapevines. Five Phaeoacremonium species and a new species of Cadophora named Cadophora sabaouae were identified. Pathogenicity tests showed that all identified species were pathogenic on grapevine cuttings.
Review
Microbiology
Giovanni Del Frari, Helena Oliveira, Ricardo Boavida Ferreira
Summary: Esca is a major grapevine trunk disease that affects vineyards in the Northern hemisphere, with disputed etiology and epidemiology due to various internal and external symptoms and wood pathogens. While the role of pathogenic fungi in wood symptoms is well assessed, their impact on leaf symptoms remains uncertain. Recent studies focus on the microbiological aspect of esca, particularly the involvement of Hymenochaetales, in vineyards. The presence of Hymenochaetales and tracheomycotic fungi is believed to be a prerequisite for leaf symptoms, but further investigation is needed to understand their relationship with grapevines and other factors.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
David H. DeKrey, Annie E. Klodd, Matthew D. Clark, Robert A. Blanchette
Summary: This study surveyed the fungi associated with grapevine trunk diseases in the cold-hardy interspecific hybrid grape varieties grown in the Northern Midwestern United States vineyards. It found that opportunistic fungi of the order Diaporthales, including species of Cytospora and Diaporthe, were the most frequently identified. The study also discussed the possible effects of winter injury, the isolated pathogens, and management strategies, as well as the difficulties in researching and understanding the grapevine trunk disease complex.
Article
Microbiology
Ana Romeo-Olivan, Justine Chervin, Coralie Breton, Thierry Lagravere, Jean Dayde, Bernard Dumas, Alban Jacques
Summary: Species of the Trichoderma genus have antifungal abilities and are of interest in agriculture. This study investigates the transcriptomic response of grapevine trunk to Vintec(R), a biocontrol agent. The results show differential modulation of gene expression involved in hormonal signaling and secondary metabolism, indicating that Vintec(R) induces wood responses that counteract disease development.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Qingtong Ye, Jingyi Jia, Ishara S. Manawasinghe, Xinghong Li, Wei Zhang, Laura Mugnai, Xuehong Wu, Kevin D. Hyde, Jiye Yan
Summary: This study provides the first detailed report of the Esca complex in China, identifying new pathogens associated with the disease. The results offer new insights into the knowledge of the Esca complex.
PHYTOPATHOLOGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Andrea Pacetti, Samuele Moretti, Catia Pinto, Stephane Compant, Sibylle Farine, Christophe Bertsch, Laura Mugnai
Summary: Trunk surgery has emerged as an effective method for reducing foliar symptoms associated with Esca complex diseases, with the mechanical removal of decayed wood leading to lower symptom re-expression. Different changes in microbiota post-surgery were observed based on wood types, with a notable decrease in Fomitiporia mediterranea abundance. The reduction of LS symptoms after trunk surgery could be attributed to a shift in microbiota affecting a shared biochemical pathway involved in symptom expression.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Adrienn Geiger, Zoltan Karacsony, Jozsef Geml, Kalman Zoltan Vaczy
Summary: This study examined the capability of Clonostachys rosea isolates as a biological control agent against grapevine trunk diseases pathogens. The results showed that C. rosea exhibited efficient antagonism against Eutypa lata and Phaeomoniella chlamydospora, and mycoparasitic activity against Botryosphaeria dothidea and Diaporthespp. The isolate 19B/1 with high antagonistic capabilities and efficient conidia production was selected for in planta confrontation tests, which resulted in a significant decrease in necrotic lesions caused by E. lata and P. chlamydospora. Based on these findings, C. rosea is considered a promising biological control agent against grapevine trunk diseases.
Article
Polymer Science
Nasko Nachev, Mariya Spasova, Petya Tsekova, Nevena Manolova, Iliya Rashkov, Mladen Naydenov
Summary: This study prepared polymer composites with chemical fungicides to potentially control esca, a grapevine disease caused by fungal pathogens. The materials showed good antifungal activity and could inhibit the growth of the pathogens.
Article
Plant Sciences
Guillermo F. Padilla-Gonzalez, Esther Grosskopf, Nicholas J. Sadgrove, Monique S. J. Simmonds
Summary: Grape seeds are rich in flavan-3-ol compounds, especially B-type procyanidins and monomers such as catechin and epicatechin. This review provides an overview of the existing literature on grape seed chemistry, exploring the variations in chemistry, signs of adulteration, and factors influencing metabolite expression. The research suggests that the expression of these compounds is primarily influenced by genotype and environment.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laura Martin, Blanca Garcia-Garcia, Maria del Mar Alguacil
Summary: Esca is a complex and devastating Grapevine Trunk Disease caused by various fungal pathogens. Our study found that Phaeomoniella chlamydospora was the most abundant pathogen, and Aureobasidiaceae could be a potential biocontrol agent for Esca.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Fedon-Ioannis Gkikas, Alexandros Tako, Danai Gkizi, Christina Lagogianni, Emmanouil A. Markakis, Sotirios E. Tjamos
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness of two microbial strains against Phaeomoniella chlamydospora in grapevines, showing their potential as biocontrol agents.
Article
Plant Sciences
Angela Bolzonello, Laura Morbiato, Silvio Tundo, Luca Sella, Ivan Baccelli, Sergio Echeverrigaray, Rita Musetti, Marta De Zotti, Francesco Favaron
Summary: Synthesized water-soluble peptide analogs show promising potential as an effective control measure against grapevine downy mildew. These peptides demonstrated high efficacy in preventing infection and reducing disease severity in field trials without showing any phytotoxic effects. Further investigation is warranted to explore their potential as a broad-spectrum fungicide.
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Cecilia Gotor, Angeles Aroca, Luis C. Romero
Summary: This commentary highlights the recent findings on the H2S regulation of autophagy in mammalian cells and discusses the similarities/divergences with plant cells. The main outcome of the study is the conserved molecular mechanism involving the posttranslational modification of thiol groups on cysteine residues to form persulfides.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Mahboobeh Sohrabi, Hamid Mohammadi, Josep Armengol, Maela Leon
Summary: The pathogenic fungus Biscogniauxia rosacearum was discovered infecting almond trees in Iran, marking the first report of this species on almond trees in the country and worldwide.
JOURNAL OF PLANT DISEASES AND PROTECTION
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Angeles Aroca, Cecilia Gotor
Summary: Autophagy is a conserved process in eukaryotes that degrades and recycles cellular waste, playing a crucial role in multiple biological processes under normal conditions and being induced under cellular stress. This review focuses on the regulation of autophagy by hydrogen sulfide in both animal and plant systems, elucidating how sulfide's persulfidation of specific targets regulates its pro- or anti-autophagic effects on cell survival. It highlights the importance of sulfide and persulfidation in autophagy regulation and compares the knowledge available in mammals and plants.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jessica Latorre, Angeles Aroca, Jose Manuel Fernandez-Real, Luis C. Romero, Jose Maria Moreno-Navarrete
Summary: Recent studies have shown that H2S synthesising enzymes play a significant role in the physiology of adipose tissue and the differentiation of preadipocytes. This study investigated the combined role of CTH, CBS, and MPST in the preservation of adipocyte protein persulfidation and adipogenesis. The results showed that partial knockdown of CBS and MPST genes in adipocytes affected the expression of genes related to adipocyte function and promoted inflammation by altering the pattern of protein persulfidation.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Angeles Aroca, Cecilia Gotor
Summary: Hydrogen sulfide is a signaling molecule that impacts both plant and animal physiology, with persulfidation/S-sulfhydration playing a key role in autophagy regulation in Arabidopsis thaliana. This review focuses on plants, discussing the involvement of sulfide molecules in autophagy regulation, the outcomes of persulfidation, and identified persulfidated autophagy proteins.
Article
Plant Sciences
Francisco Beluzan, Josep Armengol, Paloma Abad-Campos
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the pathogenicity of 12 soilborne oomycete species on three Prunus hybrid rootstocks, and found significant differences in virulence among different species and isolates.
Article
Agronomy
Catarina Leal, David Gramaje, Florence Fontaine, Nicolas Richet, Patricia Trotel-Aziz, Josep Armengol
Summary: Grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) cause significant economic losses in wine-producing countries. Researchers conducted nursery experiments using Trichoderma atroviride (Ta) SC1 and Bacillus subtilis (Bs) PTA-271, alone and in combination, to study their biocontrol effect on GTD pathogens. The results showed that these biological treatments reduced the infection rate and fungal isolation of GTD pathogens in grapevine nursery material.
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Moises Bento Tavares, Andreia Mitsa Paiva Negreiros, Allinny Luzia Alves Cavalcante, Sara Hellen Fernandes de Oliveira, Josep Armengol, Rui Sales Junior
Summary: With the discovery of five new species of Monosporascus genus, it has become important to understand the impact of these fungi on cultivated plants. This study aimed to evaluate their pathogenicity in non-cucurbitaceous cultures.
REVISTA CIENCIA AGRONOMICA
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
David Farina-Flores, Monica Berbegal, Eugenia Iturritxa, Laura Hernandez-Escribano, Olga Aguin, Rosa Raposo
Summary: In this study, the genetic diversity of Fusarium circinatum, a fungal pathogen causing Pine Pitch Canker disease in Spain, was analyzed over time and space. The results revealed low genotypic diversity, with a decrease in the northwestern regions and stability in Pais Vasco. The existence of a single haplotype (MLG32) in Pais Vasco for 10 years suggests its good adaptation. The pathogen in Pais Vasco remains distinct from other northwestern populations, with no evidence of migration.
Article
Plant Sciences
Ana Jurado-Flores, Angeles Aroca, Luis C. Romero, Cecilia Gotor
Summary: In this study, the role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in drought response was investigated. The results showed that pretreatment with H2S improved plant phenotypes and reduced stress markers under drought conditions. H2S also regulated gene expression, amino acid metabolism, autophagy, and protein ubiquitination. Proteomic analysis revealed the importance of persulfidation in response to oxidative stress and hydrogen peroxide catabolism during drought. These findings highlight the role of H2S in enhancing drought tolerance through protein persulfidation and redox homeostasis.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Nebai Mesanza, Irene Barnes, Ariska van der Nest, Rosa Raposo, Monica Berbegal, Eugenia Iturritxa
Summary: Lecanosticta acicola is a harmful pathogen that significantly affects Pinus radiata plantations in Spain, leading to high disease incidence and severity. A study was conducted to understand the intrinsic factors of this pathogenic species in new and older plantations. The genetic diversity, population structure, and spreading ability of the pathogen were determined in Northern Spain, where the majority of Pinus radiata plantations are located. Two lineages, the prevalent southern lineage and the scarce northern lineage, were identified, and evidence for sexual reproduction was found among the 22 multilocus genotypes detected.
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
Angeles Aroca, Irene Garcia
Summary: Plant molecular biology has made significant progress in recent years, uncovering multiple pathways and mechanisms underlying plant development and adaptation to different environments. Advances in molecular techniques and gene editing have further enhanced our understanding of plant biology. This research is of great importance in addressing the challenges of increasing global food supply and mitigating the impacts of climate change in the 21st century.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Review
Plant Sciences
Angeles Aroca, Inmaculada Garcia-Diaz, Margarita Garcia-Calderon, Cecilia Gotor, Antonio J. Marquez, Marco Betti
Summary: Photorespiration plays a fundamental role in plant metabolism and its regulation, including transcriptional and post-translational regulation, has been a topic of interest. The interconnections between photorespiration and nitrogen and sulfur metabolism have also been explored. Recent findings on sulfide signaling and protein persulfidation are discussed.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Forestry
Giovanni Bortolami, Nathalie Ferrer, Kendra Baumgartner, Sylvain Delzon, David Gramaje, Laurent J. Lamarque, Gianfranco Romanazzi, Gregory A. Gambetta, Chloe E. L. Delmas
Summary: Xylem anatomy is influenced by environmental and biotic stresses. Vascular occlusions are observed in leaves and contribute to the plant's response to different stresses. This study examines the occurrence and function of vascular occlusions in grapevine leaves with various symptoms, revealing higher amounts of occlusions in leaves with the esca disease compared to other symptoms. The relationship between occlusions and esca symptoms was investigated across different countries and cultivars, highlighting the unique impact of occlusions on leaf physiology.
Article
Agronomy
Talent Namatsheve, Remi Cardinael, Regis Chikowo, Marc Corbeels, Joyful Tatenda Rugare, Stanford Mabasa, Aude Ripoche
Summary: Weeds pose a significant threat to crop growth in low-input cropping systems in sub-Saharan Africa. The study found that planting sole cowpea can effectively reduce weed infestation, while having little impact on maize yield.
Article
Agronomy
Jens G. Froese, Justine V. Murray, Nicholas J. Beeton, Rieks D. van Klinken
Summary: This article introduces a generic Bayesian network model called PRReSTo, which estimates likely infestation rates of host items in consignments. PRReSTo takes into account the vulnerability of host items to pest infestation, the abundance of pests to which host items are exposed, and the effects of risk-reducing measures. PRReSTo can be used to evaluate the effectiveness and acceptability of risk reduction measures in different pest-host systems.
Article
Agronomy
Alexis Delaplace, Mathieu Coulis, Gwenaelle Cottin, Philippe Tixier
Summary: This study compares the effectiveness of two fallow trapping patterns and finds that internal trapping of fallow land can clean up plots twice as quickly as trapping surrounding the fallow land. Additionally, trapping efficiency is influenced by climatic conditions, with the wet season being more favorable for trapping than the dry season.
Article
Agronomy
Todd E. Shelly, Kevin R. Cloonan
Summary: Invasive tephritid fruit flies pose a significant threat to commercial fruit and vegetable production. Early detection is crucial, and male lures are an important component of trapping networks. This review aims to summarize data on the change in attractiveness of male lures during aging in the field, highlighting studies that relate trap captures to changes in residual content and release rate.
Article
Agronomy
M. F. Lombardo, S. Panebianco, A. Azzaro, G. Timpanaro, G. Polizzi, G. Cirvilleri
Summary: Colletotrichum and Alternaria species have become emerging fungal pathogens causing severe economic losses in citrus orchards in the Mediterranean area. The use of copper-based antimicrobials for disease management is increasingly problematic, and research for alternative formulations is encouraged. This study tested copper-alternative products on citrus orchards and found that they significantly reduced disease incidence and severity, often showing comparable or better efficacy than copper. The good efficacy of these products suggests their potential for sustainable and large-scale use in integrated and organic citriculture.
Article
Agronomy
Innocent L. Rakubu, Agil Katumanyane, Brett P. Hurley
Summary: This study investigated the host-foraging strategies of five EPN species in South Africa and found that four of them exhibited a positive response to the presence of the host and caused 100% mortality, while the other species had a lower infection rate.
Article
Agronomy
Yuli Dai, Lin Gan, Xiaofei Liu, Chengzhong Lan, Zhiqiang Li, Xiujuan Yang
Summary: This study reports the occurrence of leaf spot disease caused by Colletotrichum plurivorum on cowpea plants in Pingnan prefecture, Fujian Province, China. The pathogen was identified based on morphological features and gene sequencing. Pathogenicity tests confirmed that the isolates of C. plurivorum could infect healthy cowpea leaves and induce leaf spot symptoms.
Article
Agronomy
Wenqing Xu, Weikai Li
Summary: Crop pests and diseases have a significant impact on crop yield and food security. This paper proposes FRseNet, a model based on ResNet-50 and SENet, for recognizing various crop pests and diseases. Experimental results on a self-constructed dataset demonstrate the competitive performance of the model in recognizing 15 diseases and 21 medium insect pests.
Article
Agronomy
Hector Carcamo, Carolyn Herle, Timothy Schwinghamer, Samuel Robinson, Patty Reid, R. Keith Gabert, Tyler Wist, Breanne Tidemann, Alejandro C. Costamagna
Summary: This study updated the economic thresholds for Lygus spp., a major insect pest of canola in Canada, by integrating a large data set collected over 23 years. The results revealed that the economic injury level for Lygus was around 9-23 insects per 10 sweeps, while spraying a foliar insecticide was only necessary when Lygus catches exceeded 30 insects per 10 sweeps. Additionally, analysis of Precision Yield Data showed that at low abundances (under 17 insects per 10 sweeps), Lygus may potentially stimulate canola yield and do not require control action.
Article
Agronomy
Medetissi Adom, Ken O. Fening, Maxwell K. Billah, Pascal O. Aigbedion-Atalor, David D. Wilson
Summary: Chilli pepper is an important food and cash crop in Ghana, but its production and marketing are hindered by insect pests. This study evaluated the efficacy of five different biopesticides against major chilli pepper pests and found that Neemazal and Attack were more effective than the other three in controlling these pests.
Article
Agronomy
Fariba Ghaderi, Soraya Karami
Summary: This study identified Phytophthora species causing root and crown rot in the main sesame-producing regions of Iran. The most aggressive species was found to be P. nicotianae. Additionally, sesame cultivars with high resistance to P. nicotianae and P. megasperma were identified. This is the first report of P. megasperma infection in sesame worldwide.
Article
Agronomy
Caroline Izabel R. Sakuno, Fabricio Jose B. Francischini, Karen Missy A. Komada, Murilo Basso, Fangneng Huang
Summary: The giant borer, Telchin licus, is a significant pest of sugarcane in Central and South America, and traditional control methods are ineffective due to the larvae's hiding behavior. Recent research has shown that transgenic sugarcane expressing Bacillus thuringiensis proteins, originally developed to control another sugarcane pest, can also effectively control the giant borer.
Article
Agronomy
Lucas de Paulo Arcanjo, Poliana Silvestre Pereira, Juliana Lopes dos Santos, Kayo Heberth de Brito Reis, Allana Grecco Guedes, Damaris Rosa de Freitas, Mikaelison da Silva Lima, Mayara Cristina Lopes, Renato Almeida Sarmento, Marcelo Coutinho Picanco
Summary: This study developed a standardized sampling plan for scouting B. tabaci adults in tropical soybean fields and identified the appropriate sample unit and sampling technique. A total of 49 samples per field were required, and the sampling process lasted no more than 5 min per hectare with associated costs not exceeding US$ 0.74 per hectare.
Article
Agronomy
Vicente Bezerra Pontes Junior, Levi Andres Bonilla Rave, Adalin Moraes Cezar de Aguiar, Alessandro da Costa Lima, Ana Flavia Souza Laube, Leonardo D'Antonino, Antonio Alberto da Silva
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the influence of diuron's adsorption characteristics in soil on dose determination. The results showed that organic matter content was a key factor in determining diuron's sorption and toxicity to E. indica.
Article
Agronomy
Lu Xun, Emilio Gil
Summary: A novel methodology was proposed to analyze water-sensitive papers (WSPs) for evaluating spray quality. The segmentation of overlapping droplets based on concave point detection and ellipse fitting achieved high accuracy. A linear relationship between droplet density and coverage was observed, and simulated WSPs were generated for high coverage estimation. This approach allows for more accurate spray quality indicators from WSP collectors.
