Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Antonella Diamanti, Giacomo Calvitti, Diego Martinelli, Emma Santariga, Teresa Capriati, Giulia Bolasco, Lorenzo Iughetti, Arturo Pujia, Daniela Knafelz, Giuseppe Maggiore
Summary: Intestinal failure (IF) results from a reduction in gut mass, leading to inadequate digestion and absorption. Most cases are caused by intrinsic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, while a few arise from other sources. Improved diagnostic and therapeutic tools have increased prevalence and life expectancy of IF, expanding knowledge on the pathophysiological mechanisms.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jun-Kwon Cha, Hyung-Sook Kim, Eun-Ji Kim, Eun-Sook Lee, Jae-Ho Lee, In-Ae Song
Summary: The initial nutritional delivery policy and route of nutrition delivery may have an impact on the clinical outcomes of patients with sepsis. Higher protein intake during the first week of sepsis onset is associated with lower in-hospital mortality, while higher energy intake is associated with lower 30-day mortality. Additionally, in patients with a high modified nutrition risk in the critically ill score, enteral feeding with supplemental parenteral nutrition is superior to other routes of nutrition delivery and is associated with lower mortality.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jan Tilmann Vollrath, Felix Klingebiel, Felix Blasius, Johannes Greven, Eftychios Bolierakis, Aleksander J. Nowak, Marija Simic, Frank Hildebrand, Ingo Marzi, Borna Relja
Summary: Polytrauma and concomitant hemorrhagic shock can lead to intestinal damage and subsequent multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. This study investigates the dynamics of intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP) in plasma and urine after polytrauma in a porcine animal model. The results suggest that I-FABP levels in plasma and urine are significantly increased after polytrauma, indicating intestinal damage. Immunohistological staining also shows decreased levels of I-FABP in the intestine of polytraumatized animals compared to sham animals.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Luping Wang, Tao Zhang, Hua Yao, Qian Xu, Xin Fu, Jing Yang, Bo Wang, Zhongwei Zhang, Xiaodong Jin, Yan Kang, Qin Wu
Summary: This study indicates that the trajectories of NEQ are significantly associated with the risk of feeding intolerance, and it may be appropriate to initiate enteral nutrition when the NEQ dose is stabilized below 0.2 μg/kg/min in patients with shock.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Hiroshi Matsuoka, Takumi Tochio, Ayako Watanabe, Kohei Funasaka, Yoshiki Hirooka, Tenagy Hartanto, Yuka Togashi, Misa Saito, Yuichiro Nishimoto, Yoshinori Mizuguchi, Masanobu Kumon, Chieko Sakuragi, Kouichi Suda, Yuichi Hirose, Isao Morita
Summary: Enteral nutrition causes dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota and an imbalance in some intestinal metabolites in patients in a persistent vegetative state, and intervention with probiotics does not improve dysbiosis.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Federica Canzan, Arianna Caliaro, Maria Luisa Cavada, Elisabetta Mezzalira, Salvatore Paiella, Elisa Ambrosi
Summary: The effectiveness of early postoperative feeding in reducing the duration of postoperative ileus after gastrointestinal surgery is still debated.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Juan Wu, Yushuang Yin, Mingzhe Qin, Kun Li, Fang Liu, Xiang Zhou, Xiaoyang Song, Bixi Li
Summary: The study demonstrated that vagal nerve stimulation can attenuate traumatic hemorrhagic shock-induced damage to intestinal epithelial glycocalyx, decrease intestinal permeability, alleviate gut and lung injury, and reduce inflammation factors in the gut and lung tissue.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Luis Ortiz-Reyes, Jayshil J. Patel, Xuran Jiang, Angel Coz Yataco, Andrew G. Day, Faraaz Shah, James Zelten, Maximiliano Tamae-Kakazu, Todd Rice, Daren K. Heyland
Summary: Real-world evidence on the timing and efficacy of enteral nutrition practices in ICU patients with circulatory shock is limited. This study found that early enteral nutrition was associated with improved clinical outcomes in mechanically ventilated patients with circulatory shock.
Review
Microbiology
Jennifer A. Munley, Stacey L. Kirkpatrick, Gwendolyn S. Gillies, Letitia E. Bible, Philip A. Efron, Ravinder Nagpal, Alicia M. Mohr
Summary: The intestinal microbiome is crucial for immune function and homeostasis in the host. Studies on patients and models of traumatic injuries have shown that trauma leads to dysregulation of immune function, systemic inflammation, and alterations in gut microbiome diversity and composition, possibly transitioning to a pathobiome state. Sex has also been identified as a variable influencing microbiome alterations after trauma. Therapies such as fecal transplantation have been used to mitigate these changes and aid in post-injury recovery.
Article
Cell Biology
Jie Ren, Yu Sang, Alejandro Aballay
Summary: This study reveals the important role of the gut-brain-microbial axis in controlling immune activation caused by alterations in intestinal homeostasis, through neural cholinergic signaling and the Wnt pathway.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Gael Piton, Amelie Le Gouge, Julie Boisrame-Helms, Nadia Anguel, Laurent Argaud, Pierre Asfar, Vlad Botoc, Anne Bretagnol, Laurent Brisard, Hoang-Nam Bui, Emmanuel Canet, Delphine Chatelier, Louis Chauvelot, Michael Darmon, Vincent Das, Jerome Devaquet, Michel Djibre, Frederique Ganster, Maite Garrouste-Orgeas, Stephane Gaudry, Olivier Gontier, Samuel Groyer, Bertrand Guidet, Jean-Etienne Herbrecht, Yannick Hourmant, Jean-Claude Lacherade, Philippe Letocart, Frederic Martino, Virginie Maxime, Emmanuelle Mercier, Jean-Paul Mira, Saad Nseir, Jean-Pierre Quenot, Jack Richecoeur, Jean-Philippe Rigaud, Damien Roux, David Schnell, Carole Schwebel, Daniel Silva, Michel Sirodot, Bertrand Souweine, Nathalie Thieulot-Rolin, Francois Tinturier, Patrice Tirot, Didier Thevenin, Guillaume Thiery, Jean-Baptiste Lascarrou, Jean Reignier
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed 2410 critically ill patients and found that acute mesenteric ischemia was independently associated with enteral nutrition, dobutamine use, SAPS II score greater than or equal to 62, and hemoglobin concentration less than or equal to 10.9 g/dL.
INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Fernando Dos Santos, Joyce B. Li, Rafi Mazor, Federico Aletti, Erik B. Kistler Md
Summary: In trauma/hemorrhagic shock, enteral tranexamic acid (TXA) can improve hemodynamic stability without the need for blood reperfusion. However, the effects of TXA are not significant when paired with lactated Ringer's solution.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Hui Lian, Wei Chen, Jianchun Yu, Wei Lv, Weidong Pan, Yue Li, Jinming Gao, Hui Huang
Summary: Nutrition treatment is crucial for critically ill patients and should be started promptly if needed. A 64-year-old woman with malnutrition and intestinal obstruction with gastrointestinal bleeding presented to the emergency room. CT scan revealed perforations in the digestive tract. Since she couldn't tolerate surgery and parenteral nutrition, enteral nutrition was initiated and she showed improvement.
ALTERNATIVE THERAPIES IN HEALTH AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yongjun Yang, Sen Su, Yong Zhang, Dan Wu, Chao Wang, Yan Wei, Xi Peng
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the effects of different ratios of carbohydrate-fat through enteral nutrition on the metabolic changes and organ damage in burned rats. Results showed that lower fat intake is beneficial to maintaining metabolic stability and lessening organ damage after burns, but percentage of fat supply should not be less than 10% in burned rats.
Article
Surgery
Lawrence N. Diebel, David M. Liberati, Timothy Hla, Steven Swendeman
Summary: The study found that carrier-based sphingosine 1-phosphate may have a protective effect in early hemorrhagic shock resuscitation, with apolipoprotein M+ sphingosine 1-phosphate showing the most significant effect.