Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shiyu Huang, Wei Wu, Yanjing Su, Lijie Qiao, Yu Yan
Summary: Zn is considered a promising degradable biomaterial, but concerns exist due to unclear degradation mechanism in physiological solutions. The corrosion product film displayed a laminated structure with complex layers, and localized corrosion initiated at grain boundaries affecting degradation rate.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Cecilia Monticelli, Federica Zanotto, Andrea Balbo, Vincenzo Grassi, Alberto Fabrizi, Giulio Timelli
Summary: This research examined the corrosion behavior and susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of a high-pressure die-cast secondary AlSi9Cu3(Fe) alloy in 3.5% NaCl solution. Various testing methods revealed the presence of critical surface segregation zones, where strong corrosion attack occurred due to composition differences and peculiar morphology of noble Al2Cu phases. No SCC susceptibility was detected, but localized corrosion attack and hydrogen gas bubbling were observed at the interphases of noble phase/alpha-Al matrix.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
J. Hesketh, E. J. F. Dickinson, M. L. Martin, G. Hinds, A. Turnbull
Summary: Coupon immersion tests on 316L stainless steel in a simulated oilfield environment showed that H2S partial pressure affects pit depth and density, with the most significant pitting observed at intermediate pressures and inhibition of pitting at higher pressures. The pH in the pit solution plays a key role in determining the solubility of metal sulphides and the availability of free H2S for adsorption on the pit surface.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jijun Ma, Jing Sun, Quanmei Guan, Qingwei Yang, Jian Tang, Chengxiong Zou, Jun Wang, Bin Tang, Hongchao Kou, Haisheng Wang, Jun Gao, Jinshan Li, William Yi Wang
Summary: The comprehensive study of the localized corrosion and stress corrosion cracking behaviors of a commercial 6005A-T6 aluminum extrusion profile revealed the evolution of local microstructures at crack tips, along with potential strategies to enhance SCC resistance in Al-Mg-Si alloys through interfacial engineering.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
A. Ingle, S. Heurtault, F. Hafid, J. Said, A. Proietti, G. Odemer, M. Dehmas, C. Blanc
Summary: The study found that an increase in the density of high-angle grain boundaries can decrease the corrosion current of commercially pure Al alloy in chloride-sulphate solution, while intermetallic particles may act as pit initiation sites. In addition, the propagation of pits is strongly influenced by the density of high-angle grain boundaries.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yingrui Liu, Hong Du, Xiao Zuo, Peng Guo, Li Liu, Kwang-Ryeol Lee, Aiying Wang, Peiling Ke
Summary: The study evaluated the corrosion behavior of the multilayered Cr/GLC coating in artificial seawater under different pressure conditions, showing that the corrosion resistance was better at 1 atm but deteriorated significantly at 300 atm. The results suggest the importance of fabricating dense coatings for deep-sea applications.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tomoyuki Fujii, Tatsuro Sawada, Yoshinobu Shimamura
Summary: This study aims to investigate the nucleation processes of transgranular stress corrosion cracking in aluminum alloy 6061-T651 immersed in NaCl solution. The corrosion phenomena were analyzed based on precipitates, the location and geometry of corrosion pits and cracks, and the crystal orientation where cracking occurred. The results showed that corrosion pits formed on a smooth surface, and stress corrosion cracks tended to originate from deeper pits with high stress/strain concentration along the {1 1 2} crystal plane.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jordan W. Key, Josh Kacher
Summary: The study showed that there is a positive correlation between geometrically necessary dislocation (GND) density and proximity to intermetallic particles with pit initiation sites in 5083 aluminum alloy, while grain orientation and proximity to grain boundary have no correlation with pit initiation sites.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Jie Chen, Yi Gong, Tong-Hao Jiang, An-Xia Pan, Sheng-Hui Wang, Zhen-Guo Yang
Summary: The study found that inappropriate surface processing led to processing stripes and incomplete passivation film on the inner surface of the pipe, which in turn caused pitting corrosion and intergranular corrosion. Additionally, the additional assembly stress between the pipe and fitting facilitated the initiation of stress corrosion cracking.
ENGINEERING FAILURE ANALYSIS
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Woongik Hwang, Ki Yong Ann
Summary: This study developed a model to simulate the formation of rust and quantify its structural impact in steel reinforced concrete. Variables such as interfacial gap, cover depth, and steel rebar diameter were considered in the model. The results showed that the interfacial gap had the most significant influence on the structural limitation caused by steel corrosion, followed by steel diameter and cover depth. Under a cover depth of 75mm and a steel diameter of 20mm, the rust amount needed to reach yielding varied from 2.66-11.58μm for an interfacial gap of 1-10μm, while the equivalent rust formation ranged from 16.95-27.69μm.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Anastasija Lazareva, Joshua Owen, Silvia Vargas, Richard Barker, Anne Neville
Summary: The study provides new insights into the evolution of FeCO3 layer and its connection to the initiation and propagation of localized corrosion on carbon steel in CO2-saturated environments. The research identifies crevice-like regions at boundaries/edges of FeCO3 crystals as potential precursors to long-term localized corrosion.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Wei Zhang, Bruce Brown, David Young, Gheorghe Bota, Srdjan Nesic, Marc Singer
Summary: The parametric study identified specific conditions that lead to corrosion of mild steel in marginally sour environments, including temperature, H2S pH, solution pH, and sodium chloride concentration. Transmission electron microscopy revealed a porous layer containing mackinawite and magnetite, with corrosion initiating when the mackinawite layer broke down and exposing the steel surface to corrosive substances, leading to propagation of corrosion due to galvanic coupling.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lu Yin, Dake Xu, Chunguang Yang, Tong Xi, Xiaobo Chen, Ke Yang
Summary: The addition of cerium over 0.18 wt.% effectively inhibits the formation of SRB biofilm on the surface of 2205-Cu-Ce DSS, significantly reducing corrosion tendency, indicating that exceeding a critical value of cerium addition can enhance the antibacterial effect of Cu-bearing 2205 DSS against SRB-induced corrosion.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Wenting Lv, Luchun Yan, Xiaolu Pang, Lijie Qiao, Yanjing Su, Ilaria Salvatori, Kewei Gao, Huisheng Yang
Summary: The synergistic effect of Cu and Cr on pitting initiation in low alloy steels was investigated through experimental and computational methods, revealing that the stimulating effect of Cu on Cr is stronger, intensifying pitting corrosion in the steel.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2021)
Review
Physics, Applied
Ueli M. Angst, O. Burkan Isgor, Carolyn M. Hansson, Alberto Sagues, Mette Rika Geiker
Summary: Existing models for predicting the corrosion performance of reinforced concrete structures exposed to chloride environments are hindered by the concept of a chloride threshold as a trigger for corrosion. A new approach is needed to develop reliable corrosion forecast models, focusing on quantifying the time- and space-variant corrosion rate. A multidisciplinary approach is required, combining contributions from materials science, corrosion science, cement/concrete research, and structural engineering.
APPLIED PHYSICS REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Faez Sayahi, Mats Emborg, Hans Hedlund, Andrzej Cwirzen, Marcin Stelmarczyk
Summary: Plastic shrinkage cracking in concrete is mainly a physical process caused by rapid evaporation-induced excessive moisture loss. A new model proposed in this paper can accurately predict the severity of cracking in concrete.
MAGAZINE OF CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Klaus Viljanen, Xiaoshu Lu, Jari Puttonen
Summary: The experimental studies on typical Finnish highly insulated envelopes showed that increasing the exterior R values of walls and roofs can help control the temperature and humidity in the ventilation cavity. However, it is important to carefully consider ventilation restrictions to avoid affecting the drying-out ability.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING PHYSICS
(2021)
Review
Geography, Physical
Vasiola Zhaka, Robert Bridges, Kaj Riska, Andrzej Cwirzen
Summary: This paper describes the development and modeling of brash ice, as well as the key parameters that influence its growth and estimation. The results emphasize the importance of porosity and piece size distribution in the consolidation process of brash ice. Inclusion of lateral movement of the ice and side ridge formation would improve the accuracy of forecast models. Additionally, omitting meteorological parameters can significantly affect the consolidation process of brash ice.
JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Rahul Kallada Janardhan, Saani Shakil, Wei Lu, Simo Hostikka, Jari Puttonen
Summary: This paper presents a unidirectional coupling methodology for combining fire simulation with finite element analysis to study the response of long-span steel truss beams exposed to non-uniform temperature distributions. Experimental studies and fire simulations were conducted to analyze the impact of fire spread on the beams and the various responses of the beams in non-uniform temperature fields.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Rahul Kallada Janardhan, Saani Shakil, Marko Hassinen, Wei Lu, Jari Puttonen, Simo Hostikka
Summary: The feasibility of using coupled CFD and FE simulations to aid firefighting tactics and structural cooling was investigated. Experimental and simulation results showed that spray cooling can reduce temperatures and halt truss deformation.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Aniket Patil, Vasiola Zhaka, Bjornar Sand, Jan Laue, Andrzej Cwirzen
Summary: A large-scale shear apparatus was developed to test the mechanical properties of coarse grained material, and was used to evaluate the shear behavior of brash ice. By conducting shear tests on brash ice samples with different axial stresses and analyzing the test data, the relationship between the strength and deformation of brash ice and macro-porosity and confining axial force was determined.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Klaus Viljanen, Jari Puttonen, Xiaoshu Lu
Summary: This study shows that highly insulated walls with a thermal resistance ratio of at least 20% are resistant to air exfiltration. The moisture accumulation rate in wood-based material has a negative linear correlation with the dew point depression value. Even for low dew point depression values, significant moisture accumulation does not occur if the exterior sheathing is vapor permeable. However, walls with lower thermal resistance ratios and dew point depression values may pose a risk for mold growth.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Anna Antonova, Marika Eik, Jari Puttonen
Summary: Pull-out tests were conducted to evaluate the bond behavior between cement paste and steel fibers with different surface roughness. The bond stiffness increased with increasing load in the ascending and descending parts of the load-slip curve.
CEMENT & CONCRETE COMPOSITES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Klaudja Telhaj, Hans Hedlund, Andrzej Cwirzen
Summary: This study investigates the bond-behavior and micro properties of the wet-on-wet casting interface of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC)-normal strength concretes. The results show the formation of a hybrid interfacial transition zone between the two types of casted concrete, with the binder matrix combining properties of both concretes. Despite significant differences in shrinkage, no microcracking or delamination was observed in that zone. The flexural and compressive strength of the produced elements were equal to or higher than the weaker of the used concrete.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Saani Shakil, Wei Lu, Jari Puttonen
Summary: This paper numerically simulates the behavior of steel beams exposed to a travelling fire, focusing on the effects of uniform and non-uniform thermal exposures and different steel grades on the beam response.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Magdalena Rajczakowska, Maciej Szelag, Karin Habermehl-Cwirzen, Hans Hedlund, Andrzej Cwirzen
Summary: This study proposes the utilization of machine learning for predicting post-fire self-healing of concrete. A large database is constructed based on literature studies, and four machine learning methods are optimized and compared. The Ensemble of Regression Trees model is found to be the most optimal, with the highest prediction accuracy and sufficient robustness. Model interpretation reveals that temperature, curing regime, and amounts of aggregates are the most significant predictors.
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Marcin Sundin, Hans Hedlund, Andrzej Cwirzen
Summary: Concrete technology is evolving towards sustainability and ecological practices through research on utilizing industrial waste and by-products in concrete production. However, there are known durability issues, particularly with fire exposure, that need further investigation. This literature review focuses on exploring the use of more sustainable and fire-resistant binders, aggregates, and testing methods. The findings suggest that mixes using industrial waste as cement replacement perform well in temperatures up to 400°C but lack standardized small-scale testing methods.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ece Ezgi Teker Ercan, Andrzej Cwirzen, Karin Habermehl-Cwirzen
Summary: Cement production is a major contributor to carbon dioxide emissions. Alkali-activated materials offer an environmentally friendly alternative by utilizing waste materials and industrial by-products, while still providing comparable strength, durability, and low carbon emissions. Wood ash shows promise as a partial replacement for Portland cement in alkali-activated systems, improving mechanical properties but also increasing porosity of the binder matrix.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Vasiola Zhaka, Robert Bridges, Kaj Riska, Jonny Nilimaa, Andrzej Cwirzen
Summary: This study investigated the characteristics of brash ice channels through measurement campaigns in the winters of 2020-2021, 2021-2022, and 2023. It was found that after ship passages, the snow in the channels was submerged and formed slush-filled voids, which transformed into snow ice clusters frozen together with columnar ice. The content of snow ice varied at different locations.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ankit Kothari, Thanyarat Buasiri, Andrzej Cwirzen
Summary: This study investigates the effects of replacing sodium nitrate-based antifreeze admixture with belite-calcium sulfoaluminate (belite-CSA) cement on the early age properties of ecological concretes. The results show that the addition of belite-CSA cement shortens the setting time and partially inhibits ice formation, while the inclusion of CSA increases the risk of frost damage.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhichao Shang, Xiaoping Cai, Farshid Pahlevani, Yan Zheng, Akbar Hojjati-Najafabadi, Xinran Gao, Baojing Zhang, Peizhong Feng
Summary: High porosity Co-Al-Fe intermetallics with 3D-microstructures were successfully synthesized in one step via a thermal explosion reaction. The link between pore structure and permeability was investigated using 3D-XRM technology. The corrosion resistance of the samples with different Fe contents was studied at 900 degrees C under an oxygen/sulphur atmosphere for up to 120 h. The results showed that the samples maintained stable pore structure and intact internal matrices, attributed to the formation of a thin protective layer on the surface. In addition, inward diffusion of S resulted in the formation of FeS nodules.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lian Ma, Hain Yang, Daquan Zhang, Wei Wu
Summary: In this study, an environmentally friendly volatile corrosion inhibitor, lysine salts (LA), was prepared between graphene oxide (GO) layers using an in situ intercalation technique. The corrosion inhibition effect of LA was evaluated, and it was found that LA-GO2 achieved a 99.3% corrosion inhibition efficiency after composition optimization. The inhibition of the electrochemical anodic process on the surface of mild steel was the main reason for the high corrosion inhibition efficiency of LA-GO2. The properties of the surface film on the corroded steel were also characterized in detail to understand the corrosion inhibition mechanism of LA-GO2.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Running Wang, Jiaping Zhang, Bing Liu, Jie Fei, Qiangang Fu
Summary: By introducing a tailored SiC-C interphase, the carbon fiber can be effectively protected, improving the mechanical and ablation properties of leading edge shaped C/C-ZrC-SiC composites.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zihua Wang, Chijia Wang, Ruitao Wang, Jiapeng Deng, Kun Zhang, Yanji Zhu, Huaiyuan Wang
Summary: A robust anti-corrosive coating has been developed using functional fly ash, which demonstrates excellent corrosion resistance and improved mechanical properties. The coating achieves these enhancements through molecular cross-linking design and surface augmentation techniques, resulting in a significantly improved impedance modulus compared to pure polyurea coatings.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Haofei Sun, Meifeng Li, Hao Zhang, Jing Liu
Summary: The oxidation behavior of FeCrNi medium entropy alloy was investigated through experimental observations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The study found that at 900 degrees C, the alloy forms a desirable and continuous oxide layer, while at 1000 degrees C, the oxide layer becomes discontinuous with penetration of oxide. These observations highlight the significant role of phase structure in promoting the formation of protective oxide scales and influencing oxidation resistance.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yang Li, Ke Ma, Jingjun Xu, Jingjing Li, Yueming Li, Yi Zhang, Jun Zuo, Meishuan Li
Summary: Cr2AlC diffusion barrier effectively blocks the diffusion of Ti, enhancing the stability and spalling resistance of the Al2O3 scales between NiCrAlY coating and TiAl alloy.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Weiyi Wang, Qinglin Pan, Xiangdong Wang, Bing Liu
Summary: By adding Ce, Sc, Y and Zr elements to Al-Mg-Si alloy, the microstructure of the alloy can be regulated, and the corrosion and heat resistance of the materials can be improved.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Andrea Cristoforetti, Javier Izquierdo, Ricardo M. Souto, Flavio Deflorian, Michele Fedel, Stefano Rossi
Summary: This study presents a new approach to studying the mechanism of filiform corrosion in organic coated steel using the scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET) and micropotentiometry (potentiometric SECM). The electrochemical activity under the coating was evaluated by mapping the ionic current densities coming from artificial defects made in specific locations of the filament. Antimony tips were also used to investigate the pH changes associated with different corrosion reactions at the metal-paint interface. Local pH levels along the filament in the anodic and cathodic regions were determined.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yang Gao, Dayun Sun, Zhu Liu, Shuo Cong, Rui Tang, Yanping Huang, Lefu Zhang, Xianglong Guo
Summary: The corrosion characteristics of a novel alumina-forming austenitic steel in high-pressure high-temperature water environment were studied. The addition of aluminum has a negative effect on the continuity of the alumina scale.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Negin Madelat, Benny Wouters, Peter Visser, Zahra Jiryaeisharahi, Kristof Marcoen, Shoshan T. Abrahami, Annick Hubin, Herman Terryn, Tom Hauffman
Summary: This work explores the correlation between electrolyte transport properties and the variation of pigment volume concentration (PVC) in organic coatings. An odd random phase electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (ORP-EIS) approach is used to analyze the diffusion of ions independent from water uptake. The results show that a higher PVC leads to a more homogeneous coating structure, resulting in faster diffusion of ions and enhanced water uptake.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Eloa Lopes Maia, Serguei Gavrilov, Valentyn Tsisar, Kitty Baert, Iris De Graeve
Summary: The effect of pre-oxidation in air at 300-500°C on the initiation and development of liquid metal corrosion attack on 316L austenitic steel in static lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) has been investigated. It was found that pre-formed oxide films can protect the surface against dissolution, while high temperature pre-oxidation leads to localized corrosion.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Baozhuang Sun, Qiuyu Wang, Yue Pan, Zhiyong Liu, Cuiwei Du, Xiaogang Li
Summary: In this study, a non-steady electrochemical model was established to investigate stress corrosion cracking (SCC). The model was verified using 304 SS with various microstructures, confirming its effectiveness in assessing SCC susceptibility.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xingyu Xiao, Xinhua Liu, Zhilei Wang, Xuexu Xu, Mingying Chen, Jianxin Xie
Summary: The corrosion behavior and mechanisms of Cu-10Ni-X (Al, Fe, Mn, Cr, Sn, Ti, Zn) alloys in a 3.5% NaCl solution were systematically investigated. Both computational and experimental results revealed that except Ti, other elements could enhance the corrosion resistance of Cu2O passivation film.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Gen Zhang, Yan-Ping Huang, E. Jiang, Wei -Wei Liu, Hong Yang, Jing Xiong, Yong-Fu Zhao
Summary: The addition of aluminum has a significant influence on the intermetallic compounds in AFA alloys, particularly increasing the content of B2-NiAl phase. In the SCO2 environment, the oxide scales formed on AFA alloys with aluminum were thinner than on ASS without aluminum, and the structure of the oxide scales changed to a double-layer structure.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yuxuan He, Guozheng Xiao, Chao Wang, Xuefeng Lu, Liuyuan Li, Shiying Liu, Yusheng Wu, Zhanjie Wang
Summary: The relationship between configurational entropy and lattice distortion in novel rare earth monosilicates was investigated, and the effect of configurational entropy on their properties was studied. The results showed that lattice distortion increased with the increase of configurational entropy, but a highly symmetrical crystal structure was formed when the configurational entropy was large enough, inhibiting the lattice distortion.
