Model predictive control of a fluidized bed dryer with an inline NIR as moisture sensor

Fluid bed drying and near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy are technologies widely used to dry and measure moisture content and other pharmaceutical granular materials' attributes, respectively. This work focused on controlling a bench top fluid bed dryer using an industrial control system, the model predictive control (MPC) strategy, and NIR measurements of the moisture content of pharmaceutical powders. The MPC was implemented to reach the desired drying end-point while simultaneously manipulating two variables: airflow and inlet air temperature. These two manipulated variables were constrained based on the physical and chemical behavior of the process. The results showed that the use of the MPC with the inline NIR produced an adequate control performance and resulted at the same time in a reduction in energy consumption of as much as 60% in one case when compared with the current industrial practices. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.