Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Eunjue Yi, Naoki Sunaguchi, Jeong Hyeon Lee, Chul-Yong Kim, Sungho Lee, Sanghoon Jheon, Masami Ando, Yangki Seok
Summary: The study evaluated the clinical implication of synchrotron radiation imaging techniques for human lung adenocarcinoma in comparison with pathologic examination. The research found that synchrotron radiation could provide high-resolution images of lung adenocarcinoma which were highly correlated with images from pathologic examinations.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Simona Raneri, Lucia Mancini, Gabriele Lanzafame, Alexander Peter Kao, Konstantinos Giannoukos, Ravi Chandra Malladi, M. Shiva Kumar, Vincenzo Palleschi, Thirumalini Selvaraj
Summary: The characterisation of lime mortars is crucial for the conservation and repair of ancient buildings. The pore structure, influenced by manufacturing processes, recipes, and technical expedients, plays a significant role in the strength and durability of mortars. Fermenting organic matter in water and adding it to lime mixture has shown promising potential for improving workability and mechanical performance. The use of high-resolution synchrotron radiation computed microtomography (SR-mu-CT) proves to be an effective tool for studying the contribution of organically fermented water in lime mortars and understanding the impact on pore structure and mechanical properties.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Yunhui Chen, Samuel J. Clark, Lorna Sinclair, Chu Lun Alex Leung, Sebastian Marussi, Thomas Connolley, Robert C. Atwood, Gavin J. Baxter, Martyn A. Jones, Iain Todd, Peter D. Lee
Summary: The study investigates the process conditions of manufacturing titanium alloy components using directed energy deposition additive manufacturing, revealing that laser power dominates build efficiency and higher traverse speed can effectively reduce lack of fusion regions. Additionally, mechanisms behind physical phenomena such as the formation of a saddle-shaped melt pool and pore pushing are elucidated.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2021)
Review
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Youhong Peng, Kesong Miao, Wei Sun, Chenglu Liu, Hao Wu, Lin Geng, Guohua Fan
Summary: Characterizing the microstructure and deformation mechanism of metallic materials is crucial for understanding the microstructure-property relationship. Advanced synchrotron radiation facilities have enabled non-destructive visualization of full-field structural information in three dimensions, contributing to significant progress in recent decades. Future innovations in next-generation synchrotron radiation and emerging technologies hold great potential for further advancements in material characterization.
ACTA METALLURGICA SINICA-ENGLISH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Seongwook Choi, Eun-Yeong Park, Sinyoung Park, Jong Hyun Kim, Chulhong Kim
Summary: X-ray induced acoustic imaging (XAI) is a emerging biomedical imaging technique that visualizes X-ray absorption contrast at ultrasound resolution with lower ionizing radiation exposure. The first feasible synchrotron XAI (sXAI) shows promising results in obtaining two-dimensional images of various lead targets, and may complement conventional synchrotron applications.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Aatreya Manjulagiri Venkatesh, Didier Bouvard, Pierre Lhuissier, Julie Villanova
Summary: Through the state-of-the-art hard X-ray nano-analysis beamline at the ESRF, complete 3D imaging of representative ceramic powder systems was conducted, revealing details of particles and pores, and tracking the entire sintering process to explore microstructural changes and the evolution of relevant sintering parameters with respect to grains and pores.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Sima Zeinali Danalou, Carter Blocka, Jingsi Yang, Ning Zhu, Heather N. N. Emady, Ellen Wasan, Lifeng Zhang
Summary: Monitoring the microstructure of wet granules is crucial for obtaining high-quality granules. This study used synchrotron x-ray imaging to investigate the real-time pore evolution during granule formation. It was found that granules from coarser and more homogenous powders had a higher rate of pore evolution and a more uniform pore distribution. The physical tests showed that granules with lower porosity and finer pores exhibited higher hardness and a slower dissolution rate.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yunhui Chen, Samuel J. Clark, David M. Collins, Sebastian Marussi, Simon A. Hunt, Danielle M. Fenech, Thomas Connolley, Robert C. Atwood, Oxana Magdysyuk, Gavin J. Baxter, Martyn A. Jones, Chu Lun Alex Leung, Peter D. Lee
Summary: The study revealed the governing mechanistic behaviour and microstructural evolution during Directed Energy Deposition Additive Manufacturing (DED-AM) using unique imaging and diffraction techniques, enhancing the understanding of solidification process and stress development in the alloy.
Article
Agronomy
Jose V. Gaspareto, Jocenei A. T. de Oliveira, Everton Andrade, Luiz F. Pires
Summary: Representative elementary volume (REV) is required for representative measurements of soil physical properties. The REV depends mainly on the land uses for porosity and pore connectivity. The core method showed lower REV due to the larger volume analyzed than that in the cube method. It was not possible to define a REV for degree of anisotropy. The REV obtained using the cube method was more sensitive to changes in the scale of analysis, showing an increasing trend with applied wetting and drying cycles for porosity and fractal dimension.
Article
Polymer Science
Collin W. Foster, Sreevishnu Oruganti, Francesco Panerai
Summary: This study quantitatively analyzed the microstructural evolution and porous network development of Room Temperature Vulcanized (RTV) silicone pyrolysis at high temperatures using in situ high-temperature X-ray computed micro-tomography. The results showed that the microstructure evolution and porous network development were dependent on the heating rate, and the bulk sample volume change, porosity, pore network size, and densification were evaluated using X-ray attenuation. The findings of this study are important for the development of multi-physics models for thermal response.
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Watcharapong Wongkeo, Pincha Torkittikul, Thanongsak Nochaiya, Phakkhananan Pakawanit
Summary: The concentration of NaOH solution and Na2SiO3 solution was found to be the key parameter affecting the morphology and properties of alkali-activated cement. Different activators led to different structures formation, with pore connections within the range of 0-50 mu m being the main parameter controlling thermal and physical properties.
JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE CEMENT-BASED MATERIALS
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Loic Bertrand, Mathieu Thoury, Pierre Gueriau, Etienne Anheim, Serge Cohen
Summary: The chemical study of materials from natural history and cultural heritage presents challenges due to their complexity and non-reproducibility, but also offers innovative approaches for historical information. Synchrotron methods have been crucial in studying heritage objects, providing speciation information and high-resolution imaging. These developments have paved the way for novel approaches in characterizing ancient and historical materials, with implications for machine learning methods and related fields beyond heritage studies.
ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Akio Yoneyama, Daiko Takamatsu, Thet-Thet Lwin, Shigehito Yamada, Tetsuya Takakuwa, Kazuyuki Hyodo, Keiichi Hirano, Satoshi Takeya
Summary: Crystal-based X-ray interferometry (CXI) detects X-ray phase shifts with the highest sensitivity among the X-ray phase-detecting methods. Phase-contrast X-ray imaging (PCXI) using CXI has the highest density resolution and has been widely applied in various fields. Novel imaging methods have also been developed to take advantage of CXI's high sensitivity, such as visualization of the effective atomic number and the three-dimensional temperature. This article reviews the principles, history, and potential applications of PCXI and CXI systems.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhiguo Zhang, Chuangnan Wang, Billy Koe, Christian M. Schleputz, Sarah Irvine, Jiawei Mi
Summary: High speed synchrotron X-ray imaging and ultrafast tomography were used to study the fragmentation and growth dynamics of dendritic microstructures in an Al-15%Cu alloy under ultrasound. The results showed that efficient dendrite fragmentation occurred due to the acoustic flow, with thermal perturbation remelting plus mechanical fracture and separation being the dominant mechanism, while acoustic flow fatigue impact and phase collision effects played a minor role. Ultrasound application in the early solidification stage for just 10 s led to a significant increase in dendrite fragment number.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Chen Li, Yuzhou Zhang, Ning Zhu, Heather N. Emady, Lifeng Zhang
Summary: This study successfully captured the dynamic wet granulation process of pharmaceutical powders using synchrotron in-situ imaging technique, and quantitatively described the movement of liquid binders in the powder beds with a new parameter rm. The results showed that the properties of liquid binders and operation parameters significantly impact the dynamic granulation process.
Editorial Material
Biology
Per Erik Ahlberg
SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martin Qvarnstrom, Martin Fikacek, Joel Vikberg Wernstrom, Sigrid Huld, Rolf G. Beutel, Emmanuel Arriaga-Varela, Per E. Ahlberg, Grzegorz Niedzwiedzki
Summary: The Triassic period was crucial for the early evolution and diversification of insects, including beetles. Through synchrotron microtomography, researchers discovered well-preserved beetle remains in a fragmentary Upper Triassic coprolite, providing important insights into insect evolution before the Cretaceous period. The findings highlight the significance of coprolites as a source of well-preserved insect remains, shedding light on insect evolution and paleoecology.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Melanie A. D. During, Jan Smit, Dennis F. A. E. Voeten, Camille Berruyer, Paul Tafforeau, Sophie Sanchez, Koen H. W. Stein, Suzan J. A. Verdegaal-Warmerdam, Jeroen H. J. L. van der Lubbe
Summary: This study examines the timing of the asteroid impact that caused the Cretaceous-Palaeogene mass extinction and reveals that it occurred during spring. Analysis of fish fossils indicates that the timing of the impact played a significant role in the survival and reproduction of organisms.
Article
Ecology
Zhikun Gai, Min Zhu, Per E. Ahlberg, Philip C. J. Donoghue
Summary: The spiracular region has a complex evolutionary history, and in living vertebrates, a fully formed spiracular gill has never been found. However, the galeaspid Shuyu provides the first confirmed example of a complete spiracular gill in any vertebrate. Comparisons with other jawless stem gnathostomes suggest that they may also have possessed full-sized spiracular gills. This is in contrast to living jawless cyclostomes, which have modified jaw and hyoid arches and lack the hyomandibular pouch in adulthood. No true spiracular gill has been found in any jawed vertebrates, but the presence of two pseudobranchs in acanthodians suggests a two-step evolutionary process.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Biology
Alice M. Clement, Tom J. Challands, Richard Cloutier, Laurent Houle, Per E. Ahlberg, Shaun P. Collin, John A. Long
Summary: This study utilized X-ray tomography to examine the endocasts of ancient lungfish, revealing that the olfactory region is more plastic and undergoes significant changes in most taxa. Additionally, the semicircular canals form an integrated module, while the utriculus and sacculus vary independently.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
You-an Zhu, Qiang Li, Jing Lu, Yang Chen, Jianhua Wang, Zhikun Gai, Wenjin Zhao, Guangbiao Wei, Yilun Yu, Per E. Ahlberg, Min Zhu
Summary: Molecular studies suggest that jawed vertebrates originated no later than the Late Ordovician period. Newly discovered fossils from the early Silurian provide important insights into the early diversification of jawed vertebrates.
Article
Geography, Physical
Hannah M. Byrne, Grzegorz Niedzwiedzki, Henning Blom, Benjamin P. Kear, Per E. Ahlberg
Summary: In this paper, coprolite material from early Tournaisian lacustrine facies in East Greenland was analyzed using synchrotron micro-tomography. The study identified a greater number of coprolite morphotypes compared to known vertebrate taxa, indicating the existence of a cryptic ecosystem that has not yet been recovered as body fossils. The results suggest that vertebrate diversity immediately after the end-Devonian extinction was higher than expected and may have involved transient faunal elements within an open system.
PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kate Trinajstic, John A. Long, Sophie Sanchez, Catherine A. Boisvert, Daniel Snitting, Paul Tafforeau, Vincent Dupret, Alice M. Clement, Peter D. Currie, Brett Roelofs, Joseph J. Bevitt, Michael S. Y. Lee, Per E. Ahlberg
Summary: This study reports the discovery of mineralized heart, thick-walled stomach, and bilobed liver in fossilized arthrodire fish from the Gogo Formation in Western Australia. Using advanced microtomography techniques, the researchers were able to examine the morphology of these organs, providing early evidence for the repositioning of the heart in jawed vertebrate evolution.
Article
Paleontology
P. E. Ahlberg, P. A. Beznosov
Summary: This article provides a brief overview of the recently described Parmastega and newly discovered unpublished tetrapod material from the Devonian sequence of Timan, and discusses the significance of these discoveries.
PALEONTOLOGICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Paleontology
Eric J. Hilton, Melanie A. D. During, Lance Grande, Per E. Ahlberg
Summary: The recent discovery of mass fish mortality in the Tanis Site in the Late Cretaceous Hell Creek Formation in North Dakota has yielded well-preserved, three-dimensional fish skeletons. Two new species of paddlefishes, belonging to the families Acipenseridae and Polyodontidae, are described in this paper, expanding our knowledge of paddlefish diversity. These new species display unique characteristics, such as elongated parietals, slender dorsal caudal fulcra, and poorly developed stellate bones, adding to the morphological and taxonomic diversity of Polyodontidae. The presence of these species in the Hell Creek Formation suggests a significant diversity of paddlefishes during this stage of their evolutionary history.
JOURNAL OF PALEONTOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Vincent Dupret, Hannah M. T. Byrne, Nelia A. Castro, Oyvind Hammer, Kenneth T. Higgs, Johan A. Long, Grzegorz E. Niedzwiedzki, Martin Qvarnstrom, Iwan Stossel, Per E. Ahlberg
Summary: This study describes the material of the antiarch placoderm Bothriolepis from Ireland and attributes it to a new species. The revision of the genus Bothriolepis is proposed, along with a review of its taxonomic content and previous phylogenetic analyses. The study also reveals new phylogenetic and biogeographic analyses of the genus Bothriolepis, indicating a northward dispersal wave from Gondwana to Euramerica in the mid Givetian.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Robert Gess, Per Ahlberg
Summary: We describe a new species of giant bony fish, H. udlezinye sp. nov., from the Late Devonian fossil assemblage in South Africa. This species, belonging to the extinct clade Tristichopteridae, closely resembles H. lindae from Pennsylvania, USA. The discovery of H. udlezinye suggests that Hyneria is not limited to the Euramerican region but also existed in Gondwana, supporting the idea that giant tristichopterids originated in Gondwana.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Petr Kraft, Valeria Vaskaninova, Michal Mergl, Petr Budil, Oldrich Fatka, Per E. Ahlberg
Summary: Trilobites are iconic fossils and an important part of marine ecosystems. The discovery of fossilized gut contents of an Ordovician trilobite sheds light on its feeding habits and provides insights into this extinct arthropod.
Article
Paleontology
Oskar Bremer, Qingming Qu, Sophie Sanchez, Tiiu Maerss, Vincent Fernandez, Henning Blom
Summary: This study investigated the skeletal microremains of a group of osteostracans called thyestiids using X-ray synchrotron microtomography. The study revealed the three-dimensional vasculature of thyestiids and found differences in the composition of their dermal skeleton layers. These findings provide insights into the development and growth of osteostracans.
JOURNAL OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY
(2022)