Influence of calcium carbonate whisker and polyvinyl alcohol- steel hybrid fiber on ultrasonic velocity and resonant frequency of cementitious composites

Inclusion of hybrid fiber in cementitious composites could restrict the growth of cracks at different stages and improve the mechanical properties of concrete, and adding calcium carbonate (CaCO3) whisker would further improve the mechanical properties of cementitious composites. Nevertheless, no attention has been paid to the effects of steel- polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hybrid fiber and whisker on ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) and resonant frequency (RF) of hybrid fiber reinforced cementitious composites (HyFRCC), although they have been used widely in quality assessment of concrete. In this research, 114 specimens have been used to explore the influences of steel-PVA hybrid fiber and whisker on the UPV, RF parameters and the mechanical properties. The results of this research present that there may exists fiber gradation in HyFRCC, because there is always a best fiber combination to reach the greatest compactness and highest non-destructive testing results. In addition, the partial substitution of PVA fiber by whisker decreased UPV and RF and increased density loss rate and compressive strength except for one mixture. Therefore, UPV, RF can reflect the effect of whisker on the inner structure and detect the variation, and have potential use to evaluate HyFRCC in engineering applications. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.