Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhe Cha, Zhiyuan Yin, A. Luodan, Lingling Ge, Junling Yang, Xiaona Huang, Hui Gao, Xia Chen, Zhou Feng, Lingyue Mo, Juncai He, Shuang Zhu, Maoru Zhao, Zui Tao, Zhanjun Gu, Haiwei Xu
Summary: This study established a MG lineage-tracing mouse model of light-induced retinal damage and found that Fullerol exhibited superior protection against light-induced retinal injury. Fullerol protected the retina by inhibiting gliosis through suppressing the TGF-beta pathway and enhancing the de-differentiation of MG cells. Transcription candidate pathways, including Nrf2 and Wnt10a pathways, were involved in Fullerol-induced neuroprotection.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kitako Tabata, Eriko Sugano, Akito Hatakeyama, Yoshito Watanabe, Tomoya Suzuki, Taku Ozaki, Tomokazu Fukuda, Hiroshi Tomita
Summary: The study demonstrated that retinal ganglion cells were photosensitive after the transduction of optogenetic genes and did not induce any phototoxicity following exposure to continuous light.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Kwanghyun Lee, Jin-Ok Choi, Ahreum Hwang, Hyoung Won Bae, Chan Yun Kim
Summary: This study investigated the protective effects of astrocyte-derived CNTF on retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and identified the signaling pathways involved. The results showed that astrocytes improved RGC viability and /33-tubulin expression, and the concentration of CNTF increased in the RGC-astrocyte co-culture medium. The protective effects of astrocytes were dependent on CNTF, suggesting its importance in mediating these effects. CNTF treatment alone also enhanced RGC viability and /33-tubulin expression, and increased the population of viable RGCs under oxidative stress. Different pathways, such as PI3K/AKT, JAK/STAT, and MAPK/ERK, were found to be associated with RGC viability and /33-tubulin expression. RNA sequencing revealed the genes upregulated and downregulated by CNTF treatment, providing insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in the protective effects. In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of astrocyte-derived CNTF in protecting RGCs and identifies novel genes and pathways associated with this protective effect. It may contribute to the development of treatments for RGC injury.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Natalia Ziolkowska, Bogdan Lewczuk, Natalia Szyrynska, Aleksandra Rawicka, Alla Vyniarska
Summary: This study examined the impact of low-intensity blue light on the albino Wistar rat retina, specifically the intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs). Different exposure patterns of blue light were tested, and the results showed that prolonged exposure to low-intensity blue light caused damage to the retinas of the rats. This damage included decreased dendrite length, reduced immunoreactivity, changes in dendritic arborization, increased GFAP immunoreactivity, and apoptosis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chun-Lei Deng, Cheng-Biao Hu, Sheng-Tao Ling, Na Zhao, Li-Hui Bao, Feng Zhou, Ye-Cheng Xiong, Tao Chen, Bing-Dong Sui, Xiao-Rui Yu, Cheng-Hu Hu
Summary: The study revealed the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation and exosomal transplantation on photoreceptor injuries, with a focus on miR-21 mediation for photoreceptor viability. These methods demonstrated long-lasting efficacy in treating retinal degenerative diseases, highlighting their potential as a therapeutic approach.
CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION
(2021)
Article
Biology
Mai Ahmed, Yutaka Kojima, Ichiro Masai
Summary: In this study, the importance of Strip1 in inner retina development is explored. Loss of Strip1 results in defects in the formation of the inner plexiform layer and dramatic cell death of retinal ganglion cells in zebrafish. Strip1 interacts with its STRIPAK partner, Striatin 3, and both play overlapping roles in RGC survival. Additionally, Strip1 is required for RGC dendritic patterning, contributing to proper inner plexiform layer formation.
Review
Cell Biology
Gulgun Tezel
Summary: Glaucoma is a chronic neurodegenerative disease characterized by apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells and degeneration of axons. The disease involves multiple triggers, cell types, and molecular pathways, with both intrinsic responses of RGCs and interactions of surrounding glia playing decisive roles in cell fate. Mitochondrial dysfunction and glia-driven neuroinflammation have widespread impacts in the glaucomatous retina and optic nerve, suggesting potential unified treatment strategies to protect RGCs.
Article
Ophthalmology
Natalia Ziolkowska, Malgorzata Chmielewska-Krzesinska, Alla Vyniarska, Waldemar Sienkiewicz
Summary: This study investigated the effects of blue light on intrinsically photoreceptive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs). The results showed that exposure to blue light significantly reduced the number of melanopsin-positive ipRGCs and their processes, as well as causing severe retinal damage and cell apoptosis. The study also found damage to the organelles of retinal ganglion cells.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ming-Jing Ye, Ni Meng
Summary: This study revealed that resveratrol can protect RGC-5 cells against H2O2-induced apoptosis by suppressing MAPK cascades, indicating its potential for preventing glaucoma.
Article
Neurosciences
Sarah Naguib, Jon R. Backstrom, Elisabeth Artis, Purnima Ghose, Amy Stahl, Rachael Hardin, Ameer A. Haider, John Ang, David J. Calkins, Tonia S. Rex
Summary: Glaucoma, the second leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, is associated with age and sensitivity to intraocular pressure (IOP). Elevated IOP causes an early increase in levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activates an endogenous antioxidant response mediated by Nuclear factor erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (NRF2). Both retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and glial cells contribute to the antioxidant response, but treatment of RGCs alone with increased Nrf2 is sufficient to delay onset of glaucoma.
ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Annette Zwanzig, Jie Meng, Heidi Mueller, Susanne Buerger, Manuela Schmidt, Maik Pankonin, Peter Wiedemann, Jan Darius Unterlauft, Wolfram Eichler
Summary: Secreted neuroprotective factors produced by Muller cells can promote RGC survival, and R28 cells are more resistant to apoptosis when co-cultured with Muller cells. Under hypoxia, IL-6 and VEGF are upregulated in Muller cells, and these factors can also alter the expression of Bcl-2 family members, which regulate apoptosis.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Y. X. Qi, X. J. Su, L. L. Wei, J. Zhang
Summary: The study found that high, medium, and low doses of EPO can dose-dependently inhibit high glucose-induced apoptosis of RGCs, and identified that the JNK signaling pathway, PTPN1, and PTPN11 may play crucial roles in the inhibition of EPO on high glucose-induced apoptosis of RGCs.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL REGULATORS AND HOMEOSTATIC AGENTS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ya-jun Hou, Dawei Li, Weiqi Wang, Leilei Mao, Xiaoyan Fu, Baoliang Sun, Cundong Fan
Summary: This study evaluated the anticancer effects and mechanism of NT157 against human glioma growth, and found that NT157 alone inhibited glioma cell growth by regulating cell cycle, promoting apoptosis, and inducing DNA damage and dysfunction of signaling pathways. Combined treatment with TRAIL further enhanced apoptosis by upregulating DR5 and inducing DNA damage.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Jiajing Niu, Jiamei Wang, Qi Zhang, Zhihua Zou, Yushuang Ding
Summary: The study revealed that sublethal doses of cinobufagin suppressed the viability of cancer cells by inducing oxidative stress, leading to DNA damage and cell cycle regulation that ultimately resulted in the induction of apoptosis.
CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cheol Park, Hee-Jae Cha, Min Yeong Kim, EunJin Bang, Sung-Kwon Moon, Seok Joong Yun, Wun-Jae Kim, Jeong Sook Noh, Gi-Young Kim, Suengmok Cho, Hyesook Lee, Yung Hyun Choi
Summary: The study found that phloroglucinol can protect human retinal pigment epithelium cells from oxidative damage, reduce apoptosis, and improve cell function by decreasing ROS production.
