Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Jian Wu, Bai Ling, Naizhou Guo, Guanghua Zhai, Meifen Li, Yurong Guo
Summary: Hepatitis E virus is a common cause of viral hepatitis in developing countries, mainly transmitted through the fecal-oral route. The virus is mainly of genotypes 1 and 2, causing acute hepatitis symptoms, and has become a significant public health concern in developed countries. Severe hepatitis caused by HEV includes ACLF, with the immune mechanism playing a critical role in disease progression.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Yuzhi Lu, Ni Xia, Xiang Cheng
Summary: Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a crucial role in the development of chronic heart failure, suppressing excessive inflammatory responses and promoting stable scar formation in the early stage of heart injury. However, in chronic heart failure, the functions and phenotypes of Tregs change, transforming into a cell type that is harmful to the heart.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Qi Jiang, Guocan Yang, Qi Liu, Shengjun Wang, Dawei Cui
Summary: Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic and heterogeneous autoimmune disease characterized by symmetrical polyarthritis, with dysfunction of regulatory T (Treg) cells potentially contributing to the breakdown of self-tolerance. The ideal treatment strategy for RA should focus on re-inducing self-tolerance to prevent obvious tissue injury.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Chong Chen, Shu-Ye Zhang, Liang Chen
Summary: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major cause of acute liver failure (LF) and plays a role in acute injury in acute-on-chronic LF (ACLF). The occurrence and progression of HEV-related LF are closely related to immune imbalance, as indicated by the changes in immune cells and inflammatory factors. The clinical manifestations and immune changes in HEV-related ALF and ACLF are complex.
WORLD JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CASES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Arshi Khanam, Alip Ghosh, Joel V. Chua, Shyam Kottilil
Summary: This study evaluated the role of chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) in immunosuppression during chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Results showed that CHB patients had a higher frequency of CCR4+CD8+ T cells, which increased with higher HBsAg levels and fibrosis scores. Blocking CCR4 restored functional exhaustion in T cells by enhancing antiviral cytokine production.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Paola de Candia, Claudio Procaccini, Claudia Russo, Maria Teresa Lepore, Giuseppe Matarese
Summary: Regulatory T cells, as key metabolic sensors, play a crucial role in controlling immune state and have promising therapeutic potential for autoimmune and metabolic disorders.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aparna Boral, Devrani Mitra
Summary: This article focuses on the specific interactions between helix-turn-helix (HTH) transcription factors and substrate DNA molecules, and validates the molecular basis of these interactions through theoretical predictions and experimental studies. The study primarily investigates the heterogeneous interactions between 180 winged-HTH (wHTH) transcription factors and their substrate DNA by constructing a phylogenetic tree, conducting sequence alignment, and analyzing intergroup relationships using network theory. The theoretical investigations, including molecular docking, are successfully tested through experimental characterization of a wHTH transcription factor from Sulfurimonas denitrificans.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nastaran Asri, Mohammad Rostami-Nejad, Abdolrahim Nikzamir, Elham Aghamohamadi, Hamid Asadzadeh-Aghdaei, Mohammad Reza Zali
Summary: This study compared the frequency of Treg cells and the expression levels of inflammatory mediators in the peripheral blood and duodenum of celiac disease patients and healthy controls. The results showed that there may still be residual inflammation in the intestine of CD patients, despite following a gluten-free diet.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Fengna Yan, Qun Zhang, Ke Shi, Yi Zhang, Bingbing Zhu, Yufei Bi, Xianbo Wang
Summary: This study suggests that there is a correlation between gut microbiota, immunosuppression, and the occurrence and prognosis of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota affects liver function and T cell immune response, leading to the development of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Therefore, modulating gut microbiota may offer new avenues for prevention and intervention of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Amal H. Eissa, Heba M. Selim, Abeer M. Zahran, Mohamed S. Tawfik, Hussein S. El-Fishawy, Karam K. Naguib
Summary: The study examined the correlation between T reg cell expression, Behcet's uveitis pathogenesis, and disease manifestations. The results indicated a protective role played by T reg cells, especially the Foxp3(+) group, against Behcet's uveitis, which could be utilized as a valuable prognostic marker.
JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Daniela Alejandra Rios, Paola Cecilia Casciato, Maria Soledad Caldirola, Maria Isabel Gaillard, Cecilia Giadans, Beatriz Ameigeiras, Elena Noemi De Matteo, Maria Victoria Preciado, Pamela Valva
Summary: The study evaluated the role of immune cell populations and cytokines in chronic hepatitis C pathogenesis in the liver and peripheral blood. Results showed intercorrelations between different immune cell populations, while abnormal levels of peripheral cytokines were associated with global disease occurrence.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Angus Hann, Ye H. Oo, M. Thamara P. R. Perera
Summary: The liver possesses unique immunological characteristics but is susceptible to immune mediated injury. Regulatory T cells play a crucial role in preventing tissue damage, and therapies aiming to increase their function have shown efficacy in autoimmune diseases and organ transplantations. Research on the hepatic microenvironment and the role of Tregs in liver diseases is crucial for maintaining immunological balance.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Julian Hercun, Catherine Vincent, Marc Bilodeau, Pascal Lapierre
Summary: This review summarizes the current knowledge on hepatic adverse events during cancer immunotherapy and proposes a series of events that could trigger immune-mediated liver injury caused by immune checkpoint inhibitors. Understanding the specific immune mechanisms involved in these adverse events is crucial for improving immune checkpoint inhibitor cancer immunotherapy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ming Kong, Wenhui Dong, Aoqi Kang, Yameng Kuai, Tongchang Xu, Zhiwen Fan, Longqing Shi, Donglin Sun, Yunjie Lu, Zilong Li, Yong Xu
Summary: This study reveals the important role of CCL11 in liver fibrosis, demonstrating that it promotes the trans-differentiation of hepatic stellate cells into myofibroblasts and mediates the development of liver fibrosis. Blocking CCL11 signaling can be considered an effective therapeutic approach for liver fibrosis.
Review
Cell Biology
Ke-jia Wu, Qu-fei Qian, Jin-ren Zhou, Dong-lin Sun, Yun-fei Duan, Xi Zhu, Kurt Sartorius, Yun-jie Lu
Summary: The human liver plays crucial roles in synthesizing extracellular matrix (ECM) and regulating fibrogenesis for maintaining homeostasis. Chronic liver injury induces fibrogenesis due to the imbalance between ECM accumulation and fibrosis resolution. Liver diseases that cause fibrogenesis are associated with various risk factors, including hepatitis infection, schistosomiasis, alcohol, certain drugs, toxicants, diabetes, and obesity. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation, which generate and accumulate ECM, is a key event in liver fibrosis. The paper reviews the dual role of regulatory T-cells (Tregs) in liver fibrogenesis, including their promotion of immunosuppression and activation of fibrosis. Understanding the contradictory roles of Tregs in different immune microenvironments and molecular pathways is important for managing liver fibrosis.
CELL DEATH DISCOVERY
(2023)