Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Taiji Sakamoto, Ryota Imada, Kazuhide Nakajima
Summary: This paper proposes cross-sectional design guidelines suitable for a power efficient cladding-pumped coupled multi-core erbium-doped fiber amplifier (MC-EDFA). Numerical calculations and experimental verification were conducted to investigate the optimal core-to-cladding ratio (R-cc) for achieving high power conversion efficiency (PCE) in different operational bandwidths (C- or L-band) of the amplifier. The results showed that the PCE in the C-band amplifier improves as R-cc increases, whereas the PCE in the L-band amplifier maximizes at a specific R-cc value.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Frank Brueckerhoff-Plueckelmann, Johannes Feldmann, Helge Gehring, Wen Zhou, C. David Wright, Harish Bhaskaran, Wolfram Pernice
Summary: The integration of artificial intelligence systems has led to a significant increase in data generation and processing, requiring compact and energy-efficient hardware. This paper presents an optimized layout for a photonic tensor core (PTC) that performs real-valued matrix vector multiplications at telecommunication wavelengths. The use of phase-change material as an optical attenuator allows for positive-valued multiplications, while a novel symmetric multiplication unit enables the multiplication of arbitrary real factors. The integration of wavelength multiplexers (MUX) and a photonic crossbar array on-chip paves the way for fully integrated systems.
Article
Optics
Yaotian Zhao, Jinlong Xiang, Yu He, Yuchen Yin, An He, Yong Zhang, Zongyin Yang, Xuhan Guo, Yikai Su
Summary: Wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) technology provides considerable parallelism for large-capacity data communications, and the emerging metamaterial-assisted silicon photonics technology enables more compact on-chip light manipulation, resulting in wavelength (de)multiplexers with smaller footprints and broader functionalities.
LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
R. Sumathy, A. Muthukumar
Summary: This paper proposes the idea of importing a new ERIP at multimode EDFA for a WDM transmission system, and simulates its performance using OptiSystem software. The results show that the WDM transmission of 16 signals by using single stage amplification by MMEDFA performs well, with a maximum propagating distance of 42.15 km.
OPTICAL AND QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yawen Bai, Lin Wang, Lei Zhang, Pengfei Wang, Bo Peng
Summary: In this paper, a 16-channel wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) device is designed with a sub-wavelength grating (SWG) structure on a Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) substrate. It can cover both O-band and C-band simultaneously and achieve wavelength demultiplexing by reverse coupling the output channel from the main waveguide. The simulation results demonstrate that the device has a loss less than 0.5 dB and crosstalk less than 17 dB. Additionally, when performing WDM in O-band, the transmission loss of the C-band is less than 0.05 dB with good process tolerance.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hitoshi Takeshita, Yusuke Shimomura, Kohei Hosokawa
Summary: This work investigates the feasibility of improving the energy efficiency of a cladding-pumped multicore (MC) EDFA by utilizing bidirectional (BD) pumping. It demonstrates that the optical power loss due to equalization can be reduced by controlling the optical power ratio of the forward and backward pumps. Under optimized conditions, a 1.7% pump conversion efficiency improvement and a 24% reduction in total optical pump power compared to conventional MC-EDFA were achieved.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hirotaka Ono, Makoto Yamada
Summary: The analysis focuses on the power consumption of optical repeater subsystems in a multicore fiber link, comparing the power consumption of subsystems using multicore EDFAs with those using multiple single-core EDFAs. The results indicate that multicore EDFAs have certain advantages over single-core EDFAs in terms of power consumption efficiency.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Optics
Yanbiao Chang, Li Pei, Jingjing Zheng, Jianshuai Wang, Qian He, Jing Li, Tigang Ning, Li Zhong
Summary: An all-fiber few mode erbium doped fiber amplifier (FM-EDFA) with low differential modal gain (DMG) is demonstrated theoretically and experimentally. The all-fiber FM-EDFA with low DMG provides a cost-effective and stable alternative for high-integrated all-fiber long-haul spatial division multiplexing applications.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Optics
Long Zhang, Li Pei, Jianshuai Wang, Jingjing Zheng, Kaihua Hu, Zhiqi Li, Tigang Ning, Jing Li, Li Zhong, Ruisi He
Summary: The amplification of long-haul mode division multiplexing (MDM) transmission systems is currently achieved through three steps, which can result in complexity and degraded transmission performance. To address this issue, this paper proposes an in-line few-mode erbium-doped fiber amplifier (FM-EDFA) based on cladding pumping, which enables simultaneous amplification and transmission in MDM systems. Experimental results demonstrate that the in-line FM-EDFA has excellent performance and shows great potential for practical long-haul transmission systems.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Optics
Peng Hao, Zhenchuan Wang, X. Steve Yao
Summary: We propose and demonstrate a Lidar beam-forming scheme using wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) and time-division-multiplexing (TDM), which eliminates the need for moving parts. The scheme achieves beam formation by demultiplexing lights with different wavelengths into N waveguides (WDM channels) and further switching them into M waveguides (TDM channels) to point in different directions. We have successfully demonstrated the scheme using 4 WDM channels and 1 x 4 optical fiber switches, together with time-of-flight (ToF) technique for distance measurement. This combined TDM and WDM scheme offers an attractive alternative to existing beam scanning methods.
OPTICS AND LASERS IN ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xun Guan, Wei Shi, Leslie Ann Rusch
Summary: Silicon photonics combined with microring modulators can achieve ultra-dense wavelength division multiplexing transmission, enhancing spectral efficiency. The study reports achieving channel spacing comparable to the symbol rate in each WDM channel, reaching 80% spectrum occupation, while also addressing interchannel interference issues.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Yanir London, Thomas Van Vaerenbergh, Luca Ramini, Antoine Descos, Luca Buonanno, Jinsung Youn, Can Li, Catherine E. Graves, Marco Fiorentino, Raymond G. Beausoleil
Summary: This paper introduces the combination of CAM encoding scheme and optical multiplexing techniques to create new photonic CAM architectures. By making minor modifications to silicon photonic circuits, O-TCAM functionality is achieved and its high-speed transmission feasibility is demonstrated. However, O-TCAM consumes higher energy compared to traditional E-TCAM and further optimization is needed.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jun Zou, Xiao Ma, Xiang Xia, Changhui Wang, Ming Zhang, Jinhua Hu, Xuyang Wang, Jian-Jun He
Summary: A novel wavelength multiplexer utilizing AWG and PCR technologies for wavelength multiplexing with reduced footprint and loss has been proposed. Experiments show promising results with low on-chip loss and high bandwith, indicating great potential for future high-capacity data transmission systems.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xinyi Wang, Gangqiang Zhou, Yuyao Guo, Liangjun Lu, Muhammad Shemyal Nisar, Jianping Chen, Linjie Zhou
Summary: The silicon-based integrated optical sampling chip utilizes WDM and MDM techniques to increase the pulse repetition rate. By employing AWG and multimode waveguides for wavelength and high-order mode multiplexing, the sampling rate is enhanced by 8 times. The sampled pulses are modulated and then separated for low-speed parallel processing.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Optics
A. Nassiri, M. Elmouaddine, A. Boulezhar, H. Idrissi-Saba
Summary: In this paper, an enhanced architecture technology based on the combination of SDM and WDM Erbium/Ytterbium co-doped seven-core fiber amplifier is proposed and simulated. The results show that this architecture allows for peak gain over 49 dB and gain greater than 20 dB in a large bandwidth with minimal noise.
JOURNAL OF RUSSIAN LASER RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
William Shere, Gregory T. Jasion, Eric Numkam Fokoua, Francesco Poletti
Summary: Multi-moded, anti-resonant hollow-core fibre shows great promise for various applications. Understanding the behaviour of higher order modes in these fibres is crucial for exploiting their benefits in few- and multi-moded applications or designing more robust single mode fibres. This work conducts thorough numerical investigations into the origins of confinement loss in tubular anti-resonant fibres and its dependence on the fibre's key structural parameters. The study reveals that leakage loss can be interpreted as originating from resonant out-coupling between the core modes of interest and the lossy modes of the cladding tubes, with highest loss when they are phase-matched.
OPTICAL FIBER TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Optics
Dmytro Suslov, Eric numkam Fokoua, Daniel Dousek, Ailing Zhong, Stanislav Zvanovec, Thomas Bradley, Francesco Poletti, David J. Richardson, Matej Komanec, Radan Slavik
Summary: We achieved simultaneous low coupling loss and low back-reflection between a hollow core fiber and standard single mode optical fiber through the combination of an angled interface and an anti-reflective coating. Experimental optimization of the interface angle was performed to achieve the best performance, and parasitic cross-coupling to higher-order modes was examined and controlled.
Article
Optics
Radan Slavik, Eric R. Numkam Fokoua, Thomas D. Bradley, Austin A. Taranta, Matej Komanec, Stanislav Zvanovec, Vincent Michaud-Belleau, Francesco Poletti, David J. Richardson
Summary: The low-loss hollow core fibers have been challenging to measure using conventional techniques due to their low levels of backscattering. However, recent studies have shown that their backscattering coefficient increases when filled with air, making them measurable with commercially available instruments. This approach enables distributed characterization and fault-finding in commercial optical communication networks.
Article
Optics
Eric Numkam Fokoua, Seyed Abokhamis Mousavi, Gregory T. Jasion, David J. Richardson, Francesco Poletti
Summary: In recent years, advances in hollow-core optical fiber technology have resulted in reduced attenuation levels comparable to solid-core fibers. This has renewed interest in the technology and the expectation of achieving highly transparent light propagation across all wavelengths. This review examines the physical mechanisms driving attenuation in both legacy photonic bandgap and antiresonant hollow-core fibers. It discusses intrinsic and extrinsic loss mechanisms, as well as provides scaling rules and design guidelines for low-loss hollow-core fibers.
ADVANCES IN OPTICS AND PHOTONICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xuhao Wei, Austin Taranta, Bo Shi, Meng Ding, Zitong Feng, David J. Richardson, Francesco Poletti, Radan Slavik
Summary: Thermal phase sensitivity in optical fibers is undesirable for fiber interferometers and applications requiring a fixed phase. Using hollow core fiber reduces thermal phase sensitivity, and coiling the fiber further reduces this sensitivity significantly.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Optics
Mengyuan Hu, Andrea Ventura, Juliano Grigoleto Hayashi, Francesco Poletti, Wei Ren
Summary: We demonstrate mid-infrared absorption spectroscopy using a chalcogenide glass IG3 hollow-core anti-resonant fiber (HC-ARF) for gas sensing at 10.5 μm. A continuous-wave quantum cascade laser (CW-QCL) is utilized to detect the strong absorption line of ethylene (C2H4) centered at 949.5 cm-1 by coupling the laser beam into a chalcogenide HC-ARF. Both direct absorption spectroscopy (DAS) and wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS) are compared, with WMS showing a lower noise equivalent absorption (NEA) coefficient. The combination of QCLs and chalcogenide glass HC-ARFs provides a promising platform for mid-infrared gas sensing applications.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Optics
Zitong Feng, Hesham Sakr, John R. Hayes, Eric Numkam Fokoua, Meng Ding, Francesco Poletti, David J. Richardson, Radan Slavik
Summary: Optical fibers with a low thermal coefficient have been developed for frequency and timing transmission. A new hollow core fiber with a thin acrylate coating has been shown to have a stable thermal coefficient over a wide temperature range and can be insensitive to temperature around -134 degrees C.
Article
Optics
Kunhao Ji, Di Lin, Ian A. Davidson, Siyi Wang, Joel Carpenter, Yoshimichi Amma, Yongmin Jung, Massimiliano Guasoni, David J. Richardson
Summary: Higher-order Poincare sphere (HOPS) beams with spatially variable polarization and phase distributions have unique applications in optical communication and microscopy. Generating these beams with high peak power from compact laser systems remains a challenge. In this study, we demonstrate the controlled generation of HOPS beams using coherent beam combination from an Yb-doped multicore fiber (MCF) amplifier, achieving peak powers up to 14 kW for similar to 92 ps pulses.
PHOTONICS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
John D. Downie, Yongmin Jung, Sergejs Makovejs, Merrion P. Edwards, David J. Richardson
Summary: We compare different options for amplification in trans-oceanic repeatered submarine systems using multicore fiber transmission. Our analysis focuses on relative cable capacity and relative system cost/bit. We evaluate the optical performance of parallel single-core erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (SC-EDFAs) and multicore erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (MC-EDFAs) with various configurations. Key parameters like noise figure, amplifier bandwidth, electrical-to-optical conversion efficiency, and amplifier cost impact the expected capacity and cost/bit performance. Our findings show that MC-EDFAs with either core- or cladding-pumping may offer lower cost/bit compared to parallel SC-EDFAs, but cladding-pumping could reduce cable capacities due to higher noise figure and potentially lower amplifier bandwidth.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Viktor Zuba, Hans Christian H. Mulvad, Radan Slavik, Hesham Sakr, Francesco Poletti, David J. Richardson, Eric Numkam Fokoua
Summary: The fundamental limits on the efficiency of coupling light into hollow-core antiresonant fibres are theoretically explored. It is found that the nested antiresonant nodeless fibre (NANF) has higher coupling efficiency when the incident beam waist is about 70% of the core diameter, and that fibres operating in even-numbered windows achieve higher coupling efficiencies than those operating in odd-numbered windows.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Optics
F. Honz, F. Prawits, O. Alia, H. Sakr, T. Bradley, C. Zhang, R. Slavik, F. Poletti, G. Kanellos, R. Nejabati, P. Walther, D. Simeonidou, H. Hubel, B. Schrenk
Summary: In this study, coherent one-way quantum key distribution (QKD) at 1538 nm was successfully integrated into a 7.7 km long hollow-core fiber link with 17 EDFA-boosted C-band data channels. Despite the wideband layout of the classical channels, QKD operation proved successful.
2022 EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON OPTICAL COMMUNICATION (ECOC)
(2022)
Article
Optics
Vincent Michaud-Belleau, Eric R. Numkam Fokoua, Peter Horak, Natalie Wheeler, Shuichiro Rikimi, Thomas D. Bradley, David J. Richardson, Francesco Poletti, Jerome Genest, Radan Slavik
Summary: The impact of thermal noise on the performance of hollow-core optical fibers is assessed by comparing several interferometers optimized for phase sensitivity. Measurements show that the thermal noise level in the 20 to 200 kHz range is mainly determined by the thermo-optic contribution from the gas that fills the core, regardless of the exact hollow-core fiber design. The lowest thermal noise power per unit optical length ever measured in a fiber (approximate to 1.3 x 10(-17) (rad(2)/Hz)/m at 30 kHz) is achieved using a large-mode-area hollow-core fiber evacuated and sealed at 0.15 atm. Filling the core with a low-polarizability noble gas can further reduce the noise density in this spectral range.
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Shuichiro Rikimi, Thomas W. Kelly, Peter Horak, Ian A. Davidson, Yong Chen, Simon Bawn, Thomas D. Bradley, Austin A. Taranta, Francesco Poletti, David J. Richardson, Natalie Wheeler
Summary: We demonstrate transient changes in the optical properties of antiresonant hollow core fibres due to sub-atmospheric gas pressure and gas-induced differential refractive index. Experimental results show that these changes are higher at shorter wavelengths and must be considered for accurate fibre characterization.
MICRO-STRUCTURED AND SPECIALTY OPTICAL FIBRES VII
(2022)
