Article
Engineering, Chemical
Christine Mrad, Jean-Christophe Perrin, Assma El Kaddouri, Laoues Guendouz, Kevin Mozet, Jerome Dillet, Olivier Lottin
Summary: This study demonstrates the potential of NMR and MRI methods in accurately determining the state of water adsorbed in ionomer membranes, as well as the reliable measurement of various water parameters in controlled humid air flows. It also shows the feasibility of using MRI imaging to determine water transfer resistance and proposes an improved imaging method.
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Jin Young Park, In Seop Lim, Eun Jung Choi, Yeong Ho Lee, Min Soo Kim
Summary: As fuel cell technology enters the commercialization stage, issues regarding activation time and fuel consumption become prominent with the increase in fuel cell capacity. A new method of reverse-flow activation has been proposed to reduce activation time and fuel consumption in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells, demonstrating significant improvement in experimental results compared to conventional methods.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Meiling Yue, Khaled Benaggoune, Jianwen Meng, Demba Diallo
Summary: In this article, a digital twin for predicting fuel cell degradation using a transfer learning method is proposed. A multi-input data-driven behavior model of fuel cell degradation is constructed based on a connected convolutional neural network and long short-term memory network to capture spatial and temporal characteristics hidden in the data. Transfer learning is applied to leverage knowledge from historical datasets for reliable real-time prediction, especially in the early stage. The developed digital twin is cross-validated using two fuel cell aging experiment datasets, demonstrating the effectiveness and generalizability of the approach.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON TRANSPORTATION ELECTRIFICATION
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Qinguo Zhang, Zheming Tong, Shuiguang Tong, Zhewu Cheng
Summary: The study establishes a dynamic mechanism model for a control-oriented hydrogen fuel cell system based on cathode exhaust gas cycle and analyzes the effects of operating parameters on water transfer and dynamic output performance of fuel cells. It is found that appropriate humidity is crucial in preventing flooding of membrane electrode assembly, and under passive operation, gas humidity can reach its maximum value. Steady state is reached within 20 seconds for current and 30 seconds for voltage, with small voltage fluctuations and stable output power, indicating high reliability.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mohamed Abd Elaziz, Laith Abualigah, Mohamed Issa, Ahmed A. Abd El-Latif
Summary: This paper proposes a new method for identifying the parameters of PEMFC based on GTO and validates its effectiveness through various test cases. The results show that the proposed method has high performance capability in both steady-state and dynamic situations, and achieves better performance than other well-known comparative methods.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jin Young Park, In Seop Lim, Eun Jung Choi, Min Soo Kim
Summary: This study proposes a diagnostic method for the thermal management system of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells to enhance system reliability, conducting fault experiments under various loads and stack degradation conditions. The developed diagnostic model can detect faulty components and diagnose their severity, and is applicable to systems with degraded stacks.
Article
Thermodynamics
M. Ait Ziane, C. Join, M. Benne, C. Damour, N. Yousfi Steiner, M. C. Pera
Summary: This paper presents a novel approach to diagnose water management faults in fuel cells, considering these faults as a consequence of a temperature sensor fault. Model-free control is used to regulate stack temperature and inlet pressure for proper operation of PEMFC. A new fault detection method is proposed to detect temperature sensor faults leading to water imbalance in the stack. The proposed strategy is validated on a 1.2 kW fuel cell, enabling real-time detection of temperature sensor faults and prevention of water condensation or membrane dehydration. It achieves fuel cell control and diagnosis without requiring an accurate system analytical model or additional sensors. However, it can only detect faults in quasi-static operation and not in transient state.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yan Yin, Mengyuan Li, Xin Liu, Na Xie, Chenyang Zheng, Guokun Liu, Shuoyao Yin, Xintian Li, Yabiao Pei, Junfeng Zhang, Yanzhou Qin, Michael D. Guiver
Summary: In this study, a method to improve the proton conductivity of proton exchange membranes (PEMs) by adding CuFe-PBA is proposed. Unlike previous strategies, this method focuses on the mode of proton transport rather than simply increasing water uptake or enlarging hydrophilic domains. The experimental results show that SPSf/CuFe-PBA composite PEMs exhibit better performance than unfilled PEMs, especially under low humidity conditions, and are competitive with Nafion 212. Furthermore, scale-up trials and cost estimation indicate the economic and practical potential of CuFe-PBA and composite PEMs.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yu Zhou, Ben Chen, Kai Meng, Haoran Zhou, Wenshang Chen, Ning Zhang, Qihao Deng, Guanghua Yang, Zhengkai Tu
Summary: Flow field design optimization is crucial for enhancing the performance of PEMFC by improving mass transfer and water removal capacity. A 3D, two-phase, isothermal numerical model is used to evaluate the performance of an optimized cathode flow field, and the results are validated through visualization experiments. It is found that the opposite sinusoidal wave flow fields with different inlet configurations provide significant performance enhancement compared to parallel flow fields. The dual-inlet flow field with a block design shows the highest performance enhancement of 9.30% at 2.2 A cm-2. The Pearson correlation coefficient is introduced to evaluate the correlation between each index and PEMFC performance, and it is confirmed to be applicable in PEMFC.
Article
Thermodynamics
Zhe Sun, Dan Cao, Yawen Ling, Feng Xiang, Zhixin Sun, Fan Wu
Summary: The paper proposes a dynamic differential evolution algorithm with a collective guiding factor to solve the parameter identification and optimization problem of PEMFC model. By introducing dynamic scaling factor and dynamic crossover probability, the algorithm shows superior performance in convergence accuracy and speed, leading to more accurate parameter values for the PEMFC model.
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Noor H. Jawad, Ali Amer Yahya, Ali R. Al-Shathr, Hussein G. Salih, Khalid T. Rashid, Saad Al-Saadi, Adnan A. AbdulRazak, Issam K. Salih, Adel Zrelli, Qusay F. Alsalhy
Summary: Fuel cells have been gaining attention for their use of non-precious metals as catalysts, reducing costs, and the recent development of highly conductive anion exchange membranes. More studies are reporting on the performance of various types of fuel cells, indicating a growing interest in utilizing different fuels.
Article
Thermodynamics
In Seop Lim, Byeonghyun Kang, Jin Young Park, Min Soo Kim
Summary: This study aims to improve the performance of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells in low humidity conditions by modifying the gas diffusion layer with HfO2 deposition. Among the different deposition cycles of HfO2, Hf_25 showed the highest peak power due to better water management and lower resistances in both low and high humidity conditions compared to Hf_50, Hf_100, and Hf_200.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Sahng Hyuck Woo, So Young Lee, Young-Gi Yoon, Arnaud Rigacci, Jung-Je Woo, Christian Beauger, Hyoung-Juhn Kim
Summary: The incorporation of nanoclays into polymer matrixes improves the performance of proton exchange membranes (PEMs) in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), especially at high temperatures and low relative humidity (RH). Nanoclays also enhance the mechanical properties and reduce the cost of composite membranes.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2022)
Review
Engineering, Civil
Arash Khalatbarisoltani, Haitao Zhou, Xiaolin Tang, Mohsen Kandidayeni, Loic Boulon, Xiaosong Hu
Summary: Fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) are a promising solution for reducing emissions in transportation. Energy management strategies (EMSs) are essential in improving the efficiency and performance of FCV powertrains. However, existing EMSs suffer from significant shortcomings, hindering the full potential of FCVs in the vehicle industry.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hongbing Ding, Yuanyuan Dong, Yu Zhang, Yan Yang, Chuang Wen
Summary: A two-phase flow model was proposed to analyze the phase change characteristics and the influence of different primary pressures on the property of the ejector and internal entropy and exergy. The results showed that the wet gas model had a good prediction ability. There were significant differences between the dry gas model and the wet gas model, such as larger Mach number and entrainment ratio predicted by the dry gas model, while lower temperature and pressure compared to the wet gas model. Finally, the analysis of entropy and exergy showed that the dry gas model overestimated the entropy generation and exergy destruction.
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Estelle Godart, Augustin Long, Roselyne Rosas, Gilles Lemercier, Marion Jean, Sebastien Leclerc, Sabine Bouguet-Bonnet, Celia Godfrin, Laure-Lise Chapellet, Jean-Pierre Dutasta, Alexandre Martinez
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
A. V. S. Oliveira, D. Stemmelen, S. Leclerc, T. Glantz, A. Labergue, G. Repetto, M. Gradeck
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rosella Spina, Sahar Saliba, Francois Dupire, Agata Ptak, Alain Hehn, Severine Piutti, Sophie Poinsignon, Sebastien Leclerc, Sabine Bouguet-Bonnet, Dominique Laurain-Mattar
Summary: The study found that Bacillus sp. isolated from Leucojum aestivum bulblets can synthesize primary and specialized metabolites in common with the L. aestivum plant, including important alkaloids such as Amaryllidaceae alkaloids.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
A. V. S. Oliveira, D. Stemmelen, S. Leclerc, T. Glantz, A. Labergue, G. Repetto, M. Gradeck
Summary: This study presents experimental results of magnetic resonance velocimetry measurements of three-component velocity fields in several 49 element ballooned bundles to evaluate flow dynamics under different geometric effects and flow rates. Flow redistribution occurs upstream of the ballooned zone, with transverse velocities reaching similar magnitudes as axial velocity. The amount of deviated flow is approximately equal to the sub-channel?s blockage ratio and is virtually insensitive to blockage length or flow rate.
EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL AND FLUID SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Erika Bartolomei, Yann Le Brech, Roger Gadiou, Frederique Bertaud, Sebastien Leclerc, Loic Vidal, Jean-Marc Le Meins, Anthony Dufour
Summary: Three complementary Kraft lignins and a Soda lignin were characterized by NMR and GPC, with their theoretical yield in monomers calculated based on the analyses. The most recalcitrant Kraft lignin was depolymerized in supercritical ethanol with Pt/C, Ni/C, and Ru/C catalysts, demonstrating the important effect of catalysts on monomers, oligomers, and char yields. The study also showed that lignin structure plays a role in the depolymerization mechanism.
Article
Thermodynamics
Justine Noel, Christel Metivier, Simon Becker, Sebastien Leclerc
Summary: Natural convection in melting material was experimentally studied using Magnetic Resonance Imaging. The experiments revealed enhanced transient evolution of liquid height under convection, as well as a 4-fold increase in steady averaged liquid height in the convective regime. The convection patterns observed were in the form of hexagons/polygons, with scaling laws converging to beta = 1/4 showing an increase in convective intensity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mylene Robert, Assma El Kaddouri, Marie Crouillere, Jean-Christophe Perrin, Laetitia Dubau, Florence Dubelley, Kevin Mozet, Meriem Daoudi, Jerome Dillet, Jean-Yves Morel, Sebastien Leclerc, Olivier Lottin
Summary: This study investigates the impact of conjoint mechanical and chemical stresses on PFSA membranes. Accelerated aging tests showed significant morphological changes in the Nafion(TM) XL membrane, with the appearance of bubbles and delamination. Surprisingly, water sorption, self-diffusion properties, and cell performances of the aged membranes remained satisfactory.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Perizat Galiyeva, Herve Rinnert, Sabine Bouguet-Bonnet, Sebastien Leclerc, Lavinia Balan, Halima Alem, Sebastien Blanchard, Jordane Jasniewski, Ghouti Medjahdi, Bolat Uralbekov, Raphael Schneider
Summary: This study reports the synthesis of Mn2+-doped Ag-In-Ga-Zn-S (Mn:AIGZS) QDs, which exhibit high PL quantum yield, stability, and potential for PL/MRI dual imaging applications.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Zhiguo Dong, Anthony Dufour, Richard Laine, Sebastien Leclerc, Liangyuan Jia, Yingquan Chen, Xianhua Wang, Hanping Chen, Haiping Yang
Summary: In this study, the mechanism of borate crosslinking on lignin softening and pyrolysis process was investigated. It was found that the shielding of hydroxyl groups by borate inhibits the decomposition of lignin but improves the selectivity to phenols, and more oxygenated groups remain in the char.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Laoues Guendouz, Sebastien Leclerc, Pierre-Louis Marande, Alain Retournard, Daniel Canet
Summary: A coil system has been developed to generate a vertical radio-frequency (rf) field gradient (B1 gradient) for a vertical sample in a horizontal magnet. The system consists of three coaxial loops with either a spherical or ellipsoidal shape, designed to produce a highly uniform gradient in the central region. An independent receiver/transmitter coil is included to ensure optimal signal reception and delivery of homogeneous rf hard pulses. This system has advantages over static field gradients, particularly for experiments involving short transverse relaxation times and chemical shift imaging.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Chanez Bennacef, Stephane Desobry, Jordane Jasniewski, Sebastien Leclerc, Laurent Probst, Sylvie Desobry-Banon
Summary: This study investigated the effects of two types of alginates, their molecular weights, M/G ratios, and calcium ion concentrations on the size of alginate beads. The results showed that calcium chloride concentration had the greatest influence on bead size, and AlgLF with higher molecular weight and lower proportion of G blocks resulted in smaller beads. Flow rate and vibration frequency also affected bead size, while alginate solution aging had minimal effect.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lucas Mangold, Hubert Halleux, Sebastien Leclerc, Aurelien Moncomble, Gerard Cote, Alexandre Chagnes
Summary: Titanium chemistry in aqueous acidic media has been extensively studied, with the discovery of hydrolyzed species and the existence of titanium oxo-clusters for large concentration of titanium(iv). Furthermore, the presence of polynuclear hydrolyzed species at very low Ti(iv) concentration has been evidenced. UV-visible absorbance spectra and TD-DFT calculations have shown improved matches when considering polynuclear species. Additionally, the study of phosphoric acid solutions containing titanium(iv) identified different complexes and formulated a general complexation scheme for a wide range of acid concentration.
Review
Construction & Building Technology
Chady El Hachem, Kamilia Abahri, Sebastien Leclerc, Rachid Bennacer
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Jamal Fannir, Irina Panfilova, Sebastien Leclerc, Didier Stemmelen
MECHANICS & INDUSTRY
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
J-B Regnouf-de-Vains, B. Malaman, S. Bouguet-Bonnet, Sophie Poinsignon, Sebastien Leclerc, M. Beley
NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2019)