Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Tielong Han, Chao Hou, Zhi Zhao, Xintao Huang, Fawei Tang, Yurong Li, Xiaoyan Song
Summary: This study achieved improved copper connectivity and uniformly dispersed ultrafine tungsten particles in ultrafine grained (UFG) W-Cu composites. The as-prepared UFG W-Cu composites showed enhanced combination of hardness, compressive strength and electrical conductivity compared with previous reports. The strengthening mechanisms of the presented W-Cu composites were quantitatively discussed.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Farhad Saba, Hang Sun, Genlian Fan, Zhangqiu Tan, Ding-Bang Xiong, Zan Li, Zhiqiang Li
Summary: This study successfully overcomes the trade-off between strength and ductility in particulate reinforced metal matrix composites (PRMMCs) through architecture design that enables multi-mechanism coordination of strengthening and toughening. High-density stacking faults (SFs) were introduced in aluminum composites with a heterogeneous architecture consisting of micro/nano particles and ultrafine/coarse grains. It was demonstrated that the in-situ formed, uniformly dispersed MgO nanoparticles (n-MgO) can act as vehicles to carry interfacial-stress-induced SFs. The size and dispersion of n-MgO could be tailored to effectively manipulate SFs across the matrix, resulting in a well-balanced combination of tensile strength (472 MPa) and ductility (8.9%) in the heterogeneous PRMMCs.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Zhiming Zhang, Genlian Fan, Zhanqiu Tan, Haitao Zhao, Yanjin Xu, Dingbang Xiong, Zhiqiang Li
Summary: The bioinspired multiscale Al2O3-rGO/Al laminated composite, prepared by adding hierarchically aligned Al2O3 and rGO nanosheets into Al matrix, shows a synergistic strengthening effect and additional strengthening mechanism attributed to enhanced load transfer due to good bonding at Al2O3/rGO/Al interface. It presents a new strategy for developing advanced composites with simultaneous enhancement of the modulus-strength-ductility.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Tielong Han, Fucheng Wang, Jiajun Li, Naiqin Zhao, Chunnian He
Summary: This study successfully dispersed nano-sized graphene nanoplates with high-content in the matrix uniformly by a modified ball milling strategy, which led to the simultaneous enhancement of strength and uniform elongation of the composites.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Xiaowen Fu, Zhanqiu Tan, Ziqi Ma, Zan Li, Genlian Fan, Ding-Bang Xiong, Zhiqiang Li
Summary: A novel strategy of powder assembly & alloying was used to achieve a trimodal grain structure in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) reinforced aluminum matrix composites, resulting in superior strength-ductility synergy. This method proved to be an effective way to design and fabricate heterogeneous structured metal matrix nanocomposites.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Emin Salur, Abdullah Aslan, Mustafa Kuntoglu, Mustafa Acarer
Summary: The study focused on producing yttria nanoparticle reinforced 7075 aluminum alloy composite using mechanical milling technique, which showed a significant enhancement in hardness and ultimate tensile strength compared to the reference aluminum alloy. Microstructural analysis was conducted to discuss the reasons behind the increase in mechanical properties.
ADVANCED POWDER TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Mohammad Reza Akbarpour, Farid Gazani, Homayoun Mousa Mirabad, Iman Khezri, Ali Moeini, Nafiseh Sohrabi, Hyoung Seop Kim
Summary: Cu-SiC composites have high thermal and electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, moldability, and low production cost. This review summarizes the scientific research on processing, effective parameters, and strategies to modify the Cu-SiC interface, covering microstructural, mechanical, tribological, thermal, and electrical properties of Cu-SiC composites.
PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Hao Chen, Zhenzhen Gui, Xinyun Wang, Xianhui Gao, Dejian Liu
Summary: The use of WC/W2C eutectic reinforcement effectively suppresses the formation of TiC in titanium matrix composites, creating a W solid solution interface at the WC/Ti interface to transfer stress more effectively and prevent the formation of TiC layer, thus avoiding dec cohesion of the W interface.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Siqi Xiang, Hanzhi Hu, Yihan Liang, Xinfang Zhang
Summary: This study converted stoichiometric TiC to sub-stoichiometric TiCx through ball milling, and used TiCx to strengthen the Cu matrix, thus increasing the hardness and strength of Cu-matrix composites. The use of sub-stoichiometric TiCx is a promising strategy to expand the application of Cu-matrix composites.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
H. Geng, B. Chen, J. Wan, J. Shen, K. Kondoh, J. S. Li
Summary: Many studies have shown that carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can significantly strengthen pure aluminum and this study investigates whether the same strengthening effect can be achieved in a high-strength aluminum alloy. The results showed that while both composites had the same tensile strength, CNTs had a stronger reinforcing effect in pure aluminum than in the aluminum alloy, suggesting the influence of the matrix on the strengthening behavior of CNTs in aluminum matrix composites.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Shaopeng Li, Xiaoyan Wang, Jianwen Le, Yuanfei Han, Nan Zong, Zichao Wei, Guangfa Huang, Weijie Lu
Summary: In this study, a new strategy was proposed to optimize the microstructure of powder metallurgical titanium matrix composites (TMCs) by in-situ planting nano-TiB networks, resulting in a significant improvement in mechanical properties. The well-designed TiB/IMI834 composites exhibited higher compressive yield strength and tensile strength compared to thermo-mechanically processed TMCs.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Mohammad Alipour, R. Keshavamurthy, Praveennath G. Koppad, Ali Shakiba, Nagaraja C. Reddy
Summary: The microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminum alloy Al-10Zn-3.5Mg-2.5Cu/graphene nanoplates composites produced by ball milling and stir casting were investigated. The addition of dispersed graphene nanoplates with high specific surface area significantly increased the strength of the composites. Tensile tests showed that the addition of graphene nanoplates increased the ultimate tensile strength. Heat treatment at T6 condition further improved the strength of the samples.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF METALCASTING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Z. Li, X. G. Hu, Z. Xu, Y. Zhou, W. Y. Qu, C. Guo, H. X. Lu, I. Mohagheghian, M. J. Whiting, Q. Zhu
Summary: In this study, a semi-solid metal direct writing process based on mixed powder remelting was proposed for the manufacturing of SiCp/Al composites. The microstructures of the composites were investigated and modeled, showing the uniform distribution of SiCp and the designability of microstructural characteristics. The reliable interfacial bonding between SiCp and the matrix was also demonstrated due to the relatively low processing temperature, indicating the advantages of this novel approach in particle dispersion and interfacial reaction control.
COMPOSITES COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Yaqian Liang, Long Jiang, Xiukuang Zhang, Zhenxiang Pei, Qian Lei
Summary: Cr3C2 and graphite reinforced Cu-Sn matrix composites were fabricated and their microstructure, mechanical properties, and tribological properties were investigated. The results showed that the addition of Cr3C2 improved the high-temperature stability and wear resistance of the composites.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Behzad Nateq, Mohsen Haddad-Sabzevar, Seyyed Abdolkarim Sajjadi, Farhad Saba, Faraz Deirmina, Massimo Pellizzari
Summary: The study presented a powder processing technique for fabricating a heterogeneous AlSi10Mg matrix reinforced by CNTs with enhanced comprehensive mechanical properties. By utilizing non-homogeneous dispersion of CNTs, the composite demonstrated improved strength and ductility.
COMPOSITES COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Jongmin Byun, Hyunjoo Choi, Seok-Jae Lee
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Seungjin Nam, Sooun Lee, Aeran Roh, Hansol Son, Miso Kim, Hyunjoo Choi
Summary: The study demonstrated that the supersaturated Al-C phases formed in the Al/C-60 composites through heat treatment significantly enhanced their hardness and elastic modulus. By adjusting the heat treatment parameters, the content of different phases in the composites can be controlled, affecting their mechanical properties.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Min-Sang Kim, Hyun-Joo Choi, Tohru Sekino, Young-Do Kim, Se-Hoon Kim
Summary: This study synthesized refractory metal-oxide-doped titanate nanotubes (TNTs) using a hydrothermal process and investigated their photocatalytic activity under ultraviolet and visible light irradiation. The refractory metal-doped TNT may act as an electron trap or enhance the adsorption capacity, increasing the number of active sites and promoting separation efficiency to enhance photocatalytic performance.
Article
Crystallography
Congyan Zhang, Uttam Bhandari, Jialin Lei, Congyuan Zeng, Shengmin Guo, Hyunjoo Choi, Seungjin Nam, Jinyuan Yan, Shizhong Yang, Feng Gao
Summary: The study investigated the performance of carbon-doped compositionally complex alloy MoNbTaW under ambient and high pressure and high temperature conditions. The stability of carbides and MoNbTaW in the carbon-doped CCA was confirmed even under high pressure and high temperature. The results showed that the carbon-doped MoNbTaW alloy maintained high stability under extreme conditions.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zahid Hussain, Haneul Jang, HyunJoo Choi, Byung-Sang Choi
Summary: The reinforcement of 3Di-hBN layers significantly enhances the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of the 3Di hBN-Cu-Ni composite. This composite material is able to withstand loading through various mechanisms and improve overall performance.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Seungjin Nam, Sang Jun Kim, Moon J. Kim, Manuel Quevedo-Lopez, Jun Yeon Hwang, Eun Soo Park, Hyunjoo Choi
Summary: Grain boundary diffusion-assisted solid-state alloying can be utilized to synthesize high-entropy alloy thin films for various multicomponent alloy systems by controlling the layer thickness in multilayer films. This method allows alloying elements to diffuse through grain boundaries into different layers, forming a homogeneous reactive phase.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Junhyub Jeon, Gwanghun Kim, Namhyuk Seo, Hyunjoo Choi, Hwi-Jun Kim, Min-Ha Lee, Hyun-Kyu Lim, Seung Bae Son, Seok-Jae Lee
Summary: Ni-based amorphous alloys have unique physical properties and are attracting attention in biomass plants. Machine learning algorithms are used to design and predict the thermal properties of these alloys, with a focus on determining the optimal composition.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jungjoon Kim, Kanhu Charan Nayak, Nohyun Lee, Hyunjoo Choi, Kon-Bae Lee
Summary: This study explores a novel manufacturing process for aluminum matrix composites called Nitrogen-Induced Self-Forming Al Composite (NISFAC) process, which does not require vacuum or external pressure. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis is employed to investigate the changes in composition and surface modification mechanism of Al and SiC particles during heating, as well as the reason why self-sintering only occurs in a nitrogen atmosphere.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2022)
Correction
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
KeunWon Lee, HanSol Son, KiSub Cho, HyunJoo Choi
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Haneul Jang, Sung-Hoon Kim, Nohyun Lee, Pil-Ryung Cha, Jae-Pyong Ahn, Hyunjoo Choi, Kon-Bae Lee
Summary: This paper investigates the self-sintering mechanism and surface modification process of Al matrix composites (AMCs) during the nitridation-induced self-forming process. The study provides insights into the improved wettability between liquid Al and SiC particles.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
KeunWon Lee, HanSol Son, KiSub Cho, HyunJoo Choi
Summary: This study proposes a method to enhance the interfacial wetting between aluminum and CNTs by using bridging atoms, and uses machine learning and sensitivity analysis to determine copper as the most effective bridging atom. Experimental results validate the high strengthening efficiency of CNTs in the Al-Cu matrix, consistent with the prediction of the machine learning model.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Jungjoon Kim, Jooyoung Park, Cheol-Hwee Shim, Jae-Pyong Ahn, Hyunjoo Choi, Kon-Bae Lee
Summary: The NISFAC process allows for the manufacturing of Al/AlN composites with reduced coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) by in situ formation of AlN during the reaction between Al powder and nitrogen gas. Increasing the volume fraction of AlN effectively lowers the CTE, achieving values lower than the theoretically expected ones.
JOURNAL OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Kon-Bae Lee, Jungjoon Kim, Cheol-Hwee Shim, Yanghee Kim, Hyunjoo Choi, Jae-Pyong Ahn
Summary: This study developed a cost-effective method to produce high-purity AlN particles from Al powder at lower temperatures. The nitridation rate was accelerated by using smaller Al particles, and the addition of Ar gas regulated the nitridation rate. The use of a mixture of different Al particle sizes increased the degree of nitridation significantly.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Keunwon Lee, Yongwook Song, Sehoon Kim, Minsang Kim, Jaebok Seol, Kisub Cho, Hyunjoo Choi
Summary: Machine learning and inverse design based on a genetic algorithm were used to design three aluminum alloy types to overcome the strength-ductility trade-off. The new alloys had superior composition compared to commercial alloys, and this was experimentally validated. Each alloy exhibited different precipitation types, with alloy 1 having spheroidal alpha-AlMnSi phase and alloys 2 and 3 having fine needle-type theta-series phase. The new alloys showed outstanding tensile strength without sacrificing ductility, suggesting the suitability of machine learning and inverse design methods in discovering new aluminum alloy types.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Kanhu C. C. Nayak, Juyeon Han, Suwon Park, Miran Joo, Kon-Bae Lee, Donghyun Bae, Hyunjoo Choi
Summary: This study investigates the synergistic effect of SiCp on grain refinement and dispersion hardening in Al matrix composites produced by ball milling followed by hot rolling. Al grains are effectively refined by generating significant dislocations and subsequent dynamic recrystallization during milling. The presence of SiCp stimulates the grain refinement process by more effectively reducing the grain size to approximately 40 nm, resulting in a significant strength enhancement of approximately 325% compared to unmilled pure Al counterpart.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Wenwu Zhang, Helezi Zhou, Bin Huang, Huamin Zhou, Xiongqi Peng
Summary: This paper investigates the tool-ply friction behavior of jute/PLA biocomposites in thermoforming. A pull-through friction testing device was developed to characterize the tool-ply friction behavior of jute/PLA prepreg at elevated temperature. The effects of alkali treatment, fiber orientation, normal force, and slipping velocity were studied, and a quantitative definition of tool-ply friction behavior was achieved. The results indicate a strong relationship between tool-ply friction behavior and woven and fiber structures, indicating hydrodynamic lubrication.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Stephen Clay, Wesley Ault, Alex Faupel, Caglar Oskay, Philip Knoth, Noam N. Y. Shemesh, Rami Haj-Ali, Uri Breiman, Ido Meshi, Ofir Shor
Summary: This paper presents an experimental investigation on the compression failure mechanisms of laminated carbon fiber reinforced composites under non-standard quasi-static loading. The results demonstrate the presence of interior kink bands, surface ply splitting, and delaminations, with each failure mechanism associated with different stress levels.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Bowen Zeng, Jinlong Yang, Zhi Ni, Yucheng Fan, Ziyan Hang, Chuang Feng
Summary: This study successfully improved the pyroelectric properties of PVDF films by preparing functionally graded graphene nanoplatelet (FG-GNP) reinforced PVDF composite films. The increase in the number of layers and the concentration of GNP near the surface of the composite film were found to enhance the pyroelectric properties and temperature stability.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Shenghe Zhang, Fukai Chu, Weizhao Hu, Bibo Wang, Richard K. K. Yuen, Yuan Hu
Summary: This study improves the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of PBAT by synthesizing a phosphorus-containing intercalator and mixing it into the PBAT matrix.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Tharan Gordon, Michael R. Wisnom, Byung Chul Kim
Summary: Thickness tapering is a common strategy for efficient and lightweight composite structures, but it can introduce delamination sites. This study investigated the use of ply scarfing method to improve the compressive failure stress of tapered laminates made from thick unidirectional non-crimp fabrics. The results showed that ply scarfing suppressed delamination and increased the failure stress by 60%.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Xin Wang, Yiting Qu, Junlei Bai, Fujun Xu, Bin Ding, Xiaohua Zhang
Summary: A solution-based strategy is proposed to achieve a strong bond between fibers and matrix in powder materials, resulting in improved mechanical properties, thermal conductivity, and fracture strain of the composites. The method also offers advantages such as enhanced powder flowability and thermal stability.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Xing Zhou, Guosheng Wang, Dexiang Li, Qi Wang, Keming Zhu, Yaya Hao, Yueyang Xu, Neng Li
Summary: This study successfully synthesized polyurethane elastomer by using degraded products from waste PET, and fabricated composites with carbon nanotubes for strain sensors. The composites showed good mechanical and durability performance, indicating a potential method for recycling waste PET into valuable and functional materials.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Fei Peng, Tingting Shan, Rongrui Chen, Jiulong Shi, Di Liu, Guoqiang Zheng, Chaojun Gao, Kun Dai, Chuntai Liu, Changyu Shen
Summary: Janus polymer films with distinct surface performance and potential applications were successfully prepared by vacuum-assisted hot-compressing method and spray coating. These films exhibit decent actuation performance and rapid selfpowered sensing property, and can be used for real-time acetone monitoring system.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Biao Cheng, Huafeng Quan, Yuefeng Zhang, Dong Huang, Tongqi Li, Chong Ye, Xingming Zhou, Zhen Fan, Yafang Zhang, Ting Ouyang, Fei Han, Hongbo Liu, Jinshui Liu
Summary: In this study, a binary graphite network was constructed to improve the thermal conductivity and control the formation of micrometer-scale open pores in phase change composites. The developed composites showed a high thermal conductivity and phase change enthalpy, making them promising for thermal control in space optical-mechanical systems and other critical aerospace components.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Shihao Zuo, Fei Cheng, Guangming Yang, Jiangzhou Li, Yongjun Deng, Guangjun Gou, Xuejun Cui, Yunsen Hu, Xiaozhi Hu
Summary: Micro-arc oxidation (MAO) treatment was used to modify aluminum (Al) alloys in order to improve bond strength with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP). The treatment successfully created a porous surface with better hardness, roughness, and wetting, and introduced resin pre-coating (RPC) and carbon nanotube (CNT) fiber bridging to improve the bonding interface. The combined treatments significantly increased the bond strength by up to 156.1%, indicating the feasibility of MAO as an alternative method for manufacturing high-performance Al-CFRP composites in industrial production.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
James Kratz, Christophe Paris, Karolina Gaska, Vincent Maes, Ivana Partridge, Philippe Olivier
Summary: Faster heating rates and higher process temperatures can reduce the total process time while achieving the same degree-of-cure. Thermal analysis shows that thermoplastic interleaf particles melt at the recommended curing temperature. A short dwell at a lower temperature can prevent the mixing of thermoplastic particles and thermoset pre-polymer.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Thomas Maierhofer, Evripides G. Loukaides, Craig Carr, Chiara Bisagni, Richard Butler
Summary: Joining thermoset composites via resistance welding provides an efficient method for aerospace structures with benefits such as high-volume manufacturing and simplified surface preparation. The influence of welding parameters on joint performance is assessed using Mode I fracture toughness testing. A Bayesian approach is employed to select high-performance parameters.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Jiangan You, Ling Cai, Ronghua Yu, Haiping Xing, Jian Xue, Ying Li, Zhiwei Jiang, Dongmei Cui, Tao Tang
Summary: In response to the global environmental pollution crisis caused by waste plastics, recyclable design is an effective solution. A CPVC/PUA nanocomposite foam was developed using the plasticizing-foaming-reinforcing strategy, combined with catalytic carbonization. The foam exhibited high expansion ratio, robustness, solvent resistance, flame-triggered shape memory effect, and ablation resistance. The foam could be directly upcycled into functional carbon foam with attractive electromagnetic interference shielding performance.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Siyao Chen, Zhiyu Chen, Yangling Ou, Junwei Lyu, Junning Li, Xiangyang Liu, Yang Liu
Summary: In this study, we demonstrated the significant effect of composite interface on temperature increase in electrical heaters. By selectively fluorinating the outer walls of carbon nanotubes and compositing them with cellulose nanofibers, improved interfacial phonon diffusion was achieved, leading to a higher temperature increase rate.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Yanjun He, Agnieszka Suliga, Alex Brinkmeyer, Mark Schenk, Ian Hamerton
Summary: A new thermoset resin system based on a polybenzoxazine blend showed good performance under high ATOX irradiation. It reduced erosion yield by forming a silicon-rich surface layer and improved the mechanical properties of CFRP laminates.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2024)
