Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Qin Luo, Yajie Zheng, Hang Zhang, Zhiyu Yang, Huiyang Sha, Weili Kong, Mengmeng Zhao, Nina Wang
Summary: Research on the GP5 protein is crucial for the diagnosis, prevention, and control of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). We provide a summary of its genetic variation, immunity, replication, apoptosis, virulence, and interaction with viral and host proteins, which lays a foundation for understanding PRRSV replication mechanisms and vaccine development.
Article
Immunology
Xinrong Zhou, Xinna Ge, Yongning Zhang, Jun Han, Xin Guo, Yanhong Chen, Lei Zhou, Hanchun Yang
Summary: The study showed that coinfection with PRRSV reduced the severity of PDCoV-induced diarrhea, potentially due to an increase in proinflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha, IL-1, and IL-6 in the intestinal microenvironment.
Article
Microbiology
Minze Zhang, Xiaoliang Han, Klaus Osterrieder, Michael Veit
Summary: The major membrane proteins GP5 and M of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus are palmitoylated at cysteines, which is essential for virus growth. Acylation is required for the formation of infectious particles and viruses lacking acylation sites show reduced growth in cell culture. Multiple fatty acids attached to GP5 and M are necessary for clustering of dimerized proteins at Golgi membranes and virus assembly.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Hong Shi, Wentao Luo, Shuaiyang Wang, Jun Dai, Cuilan Chen, Shuo Li, Jie Liu, Weiyuan Zhang, Qi Huang, Rui Zhou
Summary: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is a highly economically significant infectious disease in pigs. Tylvalosin has been found to inhibit PRRSV replication and reduce inflammation in cells. Combining tylvalosin with the immunopotentiator PCP shows promise in treating PRRS infection. Therefore, developing novel treatment strategies for PRRS is important.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Mariana Kikuti, Catalina Picasso-Risso, Claudio Marcello Melini, Cesar A. A. Corzo
Summary: Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) is a major infectious disease in U.S. swine herds, and eliminating the virus poses challenges. Only about 1/6 of breeding herds successfully eliminated PRRS and remained virus-free for an average of two years. After elimination, the average annual outbreak rate was 23%, similar to the national average of 20-25%. Further studies are needed to understand the factors influencing the decision to pursue elimination.
Article
Immunology
Tiphany Chrun, Emmanuel A. Maze, Eleni Vatzia, Veronica Martini, Basudev Paudyal, Matthew D. Edmans, Adam McNee, Tanuja Manjegowda, Francisco J. Salguero, Nanchaya Wanasen, Surapong Koonpaew, Simon P. Graham, Elma Tchilian
Summary: The study indicated that co-infection of PRRSV-2 and swine influenza H3N2 virus weakened the protective effect of PRRS modified live virus vaccine while enhancing antibody responses. In contrast, co-infection in non-immunized animals helped reduce viral load and potentiate T cell responses. The upregulation of inhibitory cytokines gene expression in vaccinated pigs' lungs may have influenced responses to H3N2 and PRRSV-2.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Laetitia Pouzol, Anna Sassi, Nadege Baumlin, Melanie Tunis, Daniel S. Strasser, Francois Lehembre, Marianne M. Martinic
Summary: The loss of control in immune cell trafficking to inflamed lung tissue leads to ALI/ARDS. The paper investigates the pathological role of the CXCR3/CXCR4/CXCR7 axis in a murine model of ALI. The study suggests the clinical potential of the CXCR7 antagonist, ACT-1004-1239, in reducing inflammation and improving lung function in ALI/ARDS.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Yuqing Wei, Guo Dai, Mei Huang, Lianghai Wen, Rui Ai Chen, Ding Xiang Liu
Summary: In this study, a chimeric rSP-HUB2 strain was constructed by replacing the GP5 and M protein-coding region from a highly pathogenic strain PRRSV-HUB2 with the corresponding region from PRRSV vaccine strain SP. The rSP-HUB2 strain exhibited more inhibition of type I interferon induction and more promotion of proinflammatory cytokines compared to rSP strain. Further studies showed that a specific amino acid residue in the GP5 protein was a determinant for the phenotypic difference between the two recombinant viruses.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Xin-xin Chen, Songlin Qiao, Rui Li, Jing Wang, Xuewu Li, Gaiping Zhang
Summary: By studying how PRRSV evades host immune responses, we can understand that the virus establishes long-term infection through various complex mechanisms, which is a major obstacle in controlling PRRS disease. Understanding the exact mechanisms of PRRSV immune evasion will contribute to the development of novel antiviral strategies.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Zhiqing Zhang, Hang Zhang, Qin Luo, Yajie Zheng, Weili Kong, Liangzong Huang, Mengmeng Zhao
Summary: Since its isolation in China in 1995, the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has been mutating into highly pathogenic strains. This study investigated the prevalence and genetic variation of nonstructural protein 1 (NSP1) in the main strain prevalent in China, PRRSV-2. The results showed that NSP1 is a stable hydrophobic protein with high nucleotide and amino acid similarity among different strains. The study lays the foundation for understanding the nature and genetic variation of NSP1 and future vaccine development.
Article
Microbiology
Chunhui Song, Hanze Liu, Zhi Cao, Hu Shan, Qiaoya Zhang
Summary: Heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) is induced and phosphorylated during porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection. Overexpression of HSP27 promotes PRRSV replication, while its knockdown reduces PRRSV proliferation. The phosphorylation of HSP27 is involved in its interaction with viral nonstructural proteins (nsps). In conclusion, HSP27 plays a crucial role in PRRSV replication.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Hang Zhang, Huiyang Sha, Limei Qin, Nina Wang, Weili Kong, Liangzong Huang, Mengmeng Zhao
Summary: Studying the interactions between PRRSV and host proteins is crucial for understanding host defense against viral infections and the pathogenesis of viral infectious diseases.
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Dengshuai Zhao, Bo Yang, Xingguo Yuan, Chaochao Shen, Dajun Zhang, Xijuan Shi, Ting Zhang, Huimei Cui, Jinke Yang, Xuehui Chen, Yu Hao, Haixue Zheng, Keshan Zhang, Xiangtao Liu
Summary: PRRSV is a pathogen prevalent in swine-farming countries worldwide, causing a range of consequences such as persistent infection, secondary infection, and co-infection. The occurrence of coinfections with PRRSV and other pathogens in pigs has made it challenging to define and diagnose PRRSV-related diseases, highlighting the need for further research in this area.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Loic Vivien Bocard, Andrew Robert Kick, Corinne Hug, Heidi Erika Lisa Lischer, Tobias Kaser, Artur Summerfield
Summary: This study aimed to understand the nature of innate and adaptive immune responses to PRRSV, revealing differences in regulation by PRRSV-2 strains and MLV. Different PRRSV strains induced varied immune responses, impacting platelet activation, dendritic cell activity, interferon type I, and plasma cell responses. Correlations of BTMs with T-cell responses showed both positive and negative associations post-infection, indicating complexities in immune regulation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Junxin Gao, Yu Pan, Yunfei Xu, Wenli Zhang, Lin Zhang, Xi Li, Zhijun Tian, Hongyan Chen, Yue Wang
Summary: This study identified a total of 350 annotated lncRNAs and 1792 novel lncRNAs in PAMs through RNA-seq analysis, with 86 differentially expressed lncRNAs and 406 DE protein-coding mRNAs identified upon PRRSV incubation. GO category and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses revealed that these DE lncRNAs and mRNAs were mainly involved in inflammation- and pathogen infection-induced pathways. The co-expression analysis demonstrated that several lncRNAs are positively correlated with their predicted target genes, suggesting that porcine lncRNAs play a role in regulating immune responses against PRRSV infection.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Lukasz Grzeskowiak, Eva-Maria Saliu, Anna Grete Wessels, Beatriz Martinez-Vallespin, Klaus Maenner, Jose Joaquin Ceron, Wilfried Vahjen, Juergen Zentek
Summary: Maternal dietary factors have no significant influence on the colonization of Clostridioides difficile in the neonatal piglets' intestines, regardless of whether the sows were fed diets supplemented with high-fermentable sugar beet pulp or low-fermentable lignocellulose. This study provides insights into the relationship between maternal diet and neonatal piglet gut microbiota colonization.
Article
Immunology
Marinela Contreras, Joaquin Vicente, Jose Joaquin Ceron, Silvia Martinez Subiela, Jose Miguel Urra, Francisco J. Rodriguez-del-Rio, Elisa Ferreras-Colino, Rita Vaz-Rodrigues, Isabel G. de Fernandez G. de Mera, Sandra Antunes, Ana Domingos, Christian Gortazar, Jose de la Fuente
Summary: This study identified potential diagnostic, prognostic, and protective antibody binding epitopes for SARS-CoV-2. The results provide new tools for COVID-19 surveillance and risk evaluation in hospitalized patients, as well as potential insights for the development of new vaccines.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Ana Huertas-Lopez, Gema Alvarez-Garcia, Roberto Sanchez-Sanchez, Ana Cantos-Barreda, Francisco Javier Ibanez-Lopez, Silvia Martinez-Subiela, Jose Joaquin Ceron, Carlos Martinez-Carrasco
Summary: In this study, a systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to analyze and compare the transdisciplinary and integrative research under the One Health approach for the diagnosis of T. gondii infection. The results showed that further integration among scientific disciplines is needed in the serodiagnosis of T. gondii under the One Health approach.
RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Jose J. Ceron, Luis Pardo-Marin, Anna Wdowiak, Andrea Zoia, Marco Wochnik, Marek Szczubial, Mariola Bochniarz, Fernando Tecles, Silvia Martinez-Subiela, Asta Tvarijonaviciute, Roman Dabrowski
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the response of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and ferritin in dogs with pyometra. It was found that dogs with pyometra showed significant increases in serum CRP, indicating an inflammatory condition, but not in serum ferritin. This difference in the dynamics of these acute phase proteins could be a useful tool for the suspicion of cases of canine pyometra.
BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
M. Botia, M. Lopez-Arjona, D. Escribano, M. D. Contreras-Aguilar, P. J. Vallejo-Mateo, J. J. Ceron, S. Martinez-Subiela
Summary: In recent years, saliva has been increasingly used as a non-invasive matrix for measuring biomarkers of health and welfare. This study aimed to develop and validate an assay based on luminescent amplification for measuring Hp in bovine saliva, and to examine the changes in inflammatory situations such as the peripartum period and lameness.
RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Virology
Elizabeth R. Davies, Kathryn A. Ryan, Kevin R. Bewley, Naomi S. Coombes, Francisco J. Salguero, Oliver T. Carnell, Sarah Biddlecombe, Michael Charlton, Amy Challis, Eleanor S. Cross, Alastair Handley, Didier Ngabo, Thomas M. Weldon, Yper Hall, Simon G. P. Funnell
Summary: The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 virus variants raises concerns about increased virulence and immune evasion. The BA.4 variant, despite having almost identical spike gene sequence as BA.5.2.1, showed a lack of disease characteristics in the Golden Syrian hamster model. This may be due to a small deletion in the viral genome responsible for the production of non-structural protein 1.
Article
Virology
Alastair Handley, Kathryn A. Ryan, Elizabeth R. Davies, Kevin R. Bewley, Oliver T. Carnell, Amy Challis, Naomi S. Coombes, Susan A. Fotheringham, Karen E. Gooch, Michael Charlton, Debbie J. Harris, Chelsea Kennard, Didier Ngabo, Thomas M. Weldon, Francisco J. Salguero, Simon G. P. Funnell, Yper Hall
Summary: Using Syrian hamster model, researchers found that different inoculation volumes of the same infectious dose of SARS-CoV-2 resulted in varying clinical signs, weight loss, viral shedding, tissue burden, and severity of pulmonary pathology. These findings emphasize the importance of matching both challenge dose and inoculation volume when comparing SARS-CoV-2 variants or assessing treatment efficacy in hamster studies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alba Ortin-Bustillo, Damian Escribano, Silvia Martinez-Subiela, Asta Tvarijonaviciute, Alberto Munoz-Prieto, Marina Lopez-Arjona, Jose J. Ceron, Fernando Tecles
Summary: The objective of this study was to evaluate the changes of zinc, copper, iron, and ferritin in pigs during the fattening cycle and at different sampling times. The presence of pen contaminants and storage stability were also assessed. The analytes showed variation throughout the cycle, with higher values in the initial phases. The measurements of zinc and copper also varied at different sampling times. The addition of feces or feed increased the values of all analytes, especially at higher concentrations.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Miguel Rodrigues, Maria Jose Lopez-Martinez, Alba Ortin-Bustillo, Jose Joaquin Ceron, Silvia Martinez-Subiela, Alberto Munoz-Prieto, Elsa Lamy
Summary: This study aimed to identify changes in the salivary proteome of pigs with E. coli-induced diarrhea. Saliva samples from diseased pigs and healthy controls were compared, and significant differences in protein bands and spots were found. These findings suggest that proteins in saliva may serve as potential biomarkers for diarrhea caused by E. coli.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Pilar Rivadeneira-Barreiro, Roberto Montes-de-Oca-Jimenez, Pablo Zambrano-Rodriguez, Juan Carlos Vazquez-Chagoyan, Adriana del Carmen Gutierrez-Castillo, Luis Pardo-Marin, Lorena Franco-Martinez, Jose Joaquin Ceron, Silvia Martinez-Subiela
Summary: This study aimed to determine the concentrations of acute phase proteins in dogs naturally infected with Trypanosoma cruzi and with or without seroreactivity to other vector-borne diseases. The results showed a reduction in the levels of paraoxonase-1 in Trypanosoma cruzi-seroreactive dogs, regardless of seroreactivity to other vector-borne diseases. Additionally, an increase in serum ferritin was observed in Trypanosoma cruzi-seroreactive dogs with seroreactivity to other vector-borne diseases. These findings suggest the presence of an oxidative stress response in Trypanosoma cruzi-seroreactive dogs without evident inflammation.
TROPICAL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Pablo Rodriguez-Hernandez, Maria Jose Cardador, Rocio Rios-Reina, Jose Maria Sanchez-Carvajal, Angela Galan-Relano, Francisco Jurado-Martos, Inmaculada Luque, Lourdes Arce, Jaime Gomez-Laguna, Vicente Rodriguez-Estevez
Summary: This study evaluates the potential of gas chromatography coupled to ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) in discriminating cattle infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) from non-infected animals. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced from feces were analyzed and chemometrics were used to process the data. The results demonstrate that this approach has a robust performance in identifying the infection and non-infection status with high accuracy and sensitivity.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Stephen Findlay-Wilson, Lucy Flett, Francisco J. Salguero, Ines Ruedas-Torres, Susan Fotheringham, Linda Easterbrook, Victoria Graham, Stuart Dowall
Summary: Nipah virus is an emerging pathogen that can cause severe respiratory illness and encephalitis in humans. It is primarily transmitted through contact with infected pigs, ingestion of contaminated food, or contact with an infected person. With no approved treatments or vaccines, Nipah virus poses a threat to human public health and has epidemic potential. The establishment of a hamster model of NiV disease is crucial for evaluating vaccines and antivirals.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carlos E. Iglesias-Aguirre, Antonio Gonzalez-Sarrias, Adrian Cortes-Martin, Maria Romo-Vaquero, Leire Osuna-Galisteo, Jose Joaquin Ceron, Juan Carlos Espin, Maria Victoria Selma
Summary: The capacity to produce urolithin varies among individuals due to differences in gut bacterial ecology. In this study, two urolithin-producing bacterial consortia were administered to rats, successfully colonizing their guts and transferring the ability to produce urolithins. The bacterial strains were well-tolerated and did not have adverse effects on gut bacteria, blood parameters, or biochemical parameters, making them potential probiotics for individuals who cannot produce bioactive urolithins.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Diana Rammal, Christos K. K. Koutinas, Labrini V. V. Athanasiou, Melpomeni Tangalidi, Camila P. P. Rubio, Jose J. Ceron, Androniki Tamvakis, Michael N. N. Patsikas, Zoe S. S. Polizopoulou
Summary: The study aimed to measure the concentration of Paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) and N-terminal-prohormone-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in dogs with mitral valve disease and determine their association with clinical stage and specific clinico-pathologic and echocardiographic findings. The results showed that PON-1 was not correlated with clinical stage, gender, or concurrent conditions. NT-proBNP, on the other hand, was correlated with clinical stage and echocardiographic indices of cardiomegaly and heart failure. These findings suggest that PON-1 is an insensitive marker for the severity of mitral valve disease and its utility may be hindered by confounding factors.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Pablo Rodriguez-Hernandez, Maria Jose Cardador, Rocio Rios-Reina, Jose Maria Sanchez-Carvajal, Angela Galan-Relano, Francisco Jurado-Martos, Inmaculada Luque, Lourdes Arce, Jaime Gomez-Laguna, Vicente Rodriguez-Estevez
Summary: Bovine tuberculosis is a re-emerging disease that poses risks to the livestock sector and public health. Current diagnostic procedures have drawbacks, and alternative tools are needed. This study evaluates the potential of gas chromatography coupled to ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) in distinguishing naturally infected cattle from non-infected animals.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Immunology
V. Sharma, P. Kaur, R. S. Aulakh, R. Sharma, R. Verma, B. B. Singh
Summary: Brucellosis is a neglected zoonosis that affects animals and people in the underdeveloped world. This study aimed to isolate and identify Brucella species from faeces of sero positive cattle in Punjab, India. Fourteen Brucella species were isolated, with 11 identified as Brucella abortus and 3 identified as Brucella melitensis. The study highlights the potential risk of animal faeces for animal and human health and emphasizes the need for careful handling of faeces from seropositive cattle.
COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Yilei Zhang, Guojun Chen, Siyi Zhou, Lingru He, Olalekan Opeyemi Ayanniyi, Qianming Xu, Zhenyu Yue, Congshan Yang
Summary: The development of the Animal Parasitic Diseases and Drugs Database (APDDD) provides a comprehensive and intuitive tool for studying animal parasitic diseases and antiparasitic drugs, allowing users to understand the relationships between parasitic diseases, drugs, and targeted genes more effectively.
COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Arthur Nery Finatto, Sulove Koirala, Fernanda Luiza Facioli, Jessica Aparecida Barbosa, Roman Nosach, Matheus de Oliveira Costa
Summary: The study revealed that Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus rapidly disseminated in various organs of pigs following oronasal inoculation, with tonsil samples consistently harboring the pathogen throughout the study period. The varying bacterial loads in mesenteric lymph nodes indicated persistence, replication, and a potential source for shedding.
COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2024)
