Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
M. Ferreira, R. Delagarde, N. Edouard
Summary: To ensure sustainable and efficient production, dairy farms need to reduce their environmental impacts and nitrogen losses while increasing feed self-sufficiency. This study investigated the effects of increasing the proportion of maize silage in a fresh grass diet on cow performance and nitrogen excretion in grass-based dairy systems. The results showed that increasing the proportion of maize silage led to a decrease in dry matter intake, milk yield, nitrogen intake, and nitrogen excretion in faeces and urine. However, it also resulted in a decrease in dietary protein concentration and unsustainable decreases in dry matter intake and milk yield.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Siwen Zheng, Wen-Xiong Wang
Summary: This study investigated the effects of different sizes of polystyrene microplastics on ion regulation and ammonia excretion in medaka fish. The results showed that polystyrene microplastics had no significant impact on Na+ and K+ regulation, but significantly impaired Cl- regulation and ammonia excretion. The size-dependent effects were observed, with disturbances in Cl- regulation in both the 4 μm and 20 μm treated groups, and disturbances in ammonia excretion only in the 20 μm treated group.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Angus B. Thies, Alex R. Quijada-Rodriguez, Haonan Zhouyao, Dirk Weihrauch, Martin Tresguerres
Summary: This study discovered a new symbiotic mechanism, the ayRhp1-mediated symbiosomal NH4+-trapping mechanism, which promotes nitrogen delivery to algae during the day for sustaining photosynthesis and restricts nitrogen delivery at night to keep algae under nitrogen limitation. Additionally, ayRhp1 facilitates CO2 diffusion, which may have implications for metabolic dysregulation and bleaching.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Liyuan Lv, Jianfeng Ren, Huan Zhang, Changsen Sun, Yinghui Dong, Zhihua Lin
Summary: Accumulation of excessive ammonia poses a serious threat to razor clams, but they adapt to environmental ammonia stress through the synergistic action of ammonia excretion in the gill and ammonia metabolism in the hepatopancreas.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Fernando Vicente, Douaa Elouadaf, Alejandra Sanchez-Vera, Ana Soldado, Senen De la Torre-Santos, Adela Martinez-Fernandez
Summary: Dairy cattle contribute to ammonia emissions due to nitrogen excretion from their diet, reducing dietary nitrogen intake can help decrease nitrogen excretions and ammonia emissions. Legumes and grasses have different rates of protein degradation during the silage process, impacting nitrogen excretion.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Elisabeth Dohmann Chang, Stewart F. Owen, Christer Hogstrand, Nic R. Bury
Summary: This study successfully demonstrated the use of a FIsh Gill Cell culture System (FIGCS) to assess drug excretion across the gill, an often overlooked parameter in pharmacokinetics. The system tolerated the application of natural waters, mimicking live fish conditions, showing saturation kinetics in drug excretion, and offering a path to understanding the effects of mixtures of different pollutant classes found in environmental samples.
ANALYTICAL METHODS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Mona A. Andskog, Craig Layman, Jacob E. Allgeier
Summary: Artificial reefs can enhance seagrass production by increasing primary production through fertilization from aggregating fish excretion. Our long-term experiment showed that artificial reefs consistently enhanced seagrass production and maintained ecosystem-scale production despite human stressors. These findings suggest that artificial reefs can promote important ecosystem services in human-dominated ecosystems.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Yundong Li, Shigui Jiang, Hongdi Fan, Qibin Yang, Song Jiang, Jianhua Huang, Lishi Yang, Wenwen Zhang, Xu Chen, Falin Zhou
Summary: This study investigated the expression and impact of Na+/H+-exchanger in Penaeus monodon under high-concentration ammonia nitrogen stress. The findings showed that PmNHE was expressed in various organs and its expression was up-regulated in response to high levels of ammonia nitrogen. The study suggested that PmNHE may have a significant impact on environments with high concentrations of ammonia nitrogen.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Leonardo Magnoni, Paulo Rema, Francisca Silva-Brito, Joao Rito, Mariana Palma, Rodrigo Ozorio, Stephane Panserat, Ivan Viegas
Summary: The inclusion of dietary refined glycerol in rainbow trout did not have beneficial effects on fish performance or nitrogen waste products excreted to the environment.
Article
Physiology
Javier Mendez-Narvaez, Karen M. Warkentin
Summary: Frogs that have evolved to become terrestrial animals have developed mechanisms to avoid ammonia toxicity at early stages. Urea synthesis from ammonia is an important adaptation that reduces the reliance on water after metamorphosis. Through experiments on three terrestrial-breeding frogs, researchers found that these frogs possess multiple mechanisms of ammonia detoxification during their early life stages.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMS AND ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ming Cong, Yuanmei Li, Hongchao Xu, Jiasen Lv, Huifeng Wu, Ye Zhao
Summary: The study revealed the toxic effects of ammonia nitrogen on clam mitochondria, showing that exposure to ammonia nitrogen induced mitochondrial swelling and structural disruption, providing potential biomarkers and control methods for managing ammonia nitrogen pollution in aquaculture.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2021)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Anna Lavery, Conrad P. Ferris
Summary: This article discusses the importance of nitrogen efficiency in dairy cow diets and the management of protein in feed and disease, as well as the accuracy of different testing methods in nitrogen utilization efficiency. The research found the use and advantages of some testing methods that can be used to monitor and improve nitrogen utilization efficiency.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
J. Lisa Hoogenboom, Marty Kwok-Shing Wong, Susumu Hyodo, W. Gary Anderson
Summary: In this study, the mechanisms of nitrogen movement across the spiral valve of the cloudy catshark were investigated. The molecular identification of two ammonia transporters (Rhp2 and Rhbg) and a urea transporter (UT) revealed their specific cellular localizations. The mRNA abundance of Rhp2 and UT were found to be influenced by fasting and feeding, indicating their involvement in nitrogen homeostasis in the cloudy catshark.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Gunavathy Selvarajh, Huck Ywih Ch'ng
Summary: The addition of rice straw biochar at 5-10 t/ha significantly increased the availability of nitrogen in the soil, as well as the exchangeable NH4+, NO3-, phosphorus, and potassium content. This led to improved nutrient uptake by rice plants, resulting in increased plant growth and productivity.
Article
Fisheries
Leonardo J. Magnoni, Odete Goncalves, Patricia G. Cardoso, Francisca Silva-Brito, Rodrigo O. A. Ozorio, Mariana Palma, Ivan Viegas
Summary: This study investigated the effects of dietary refined glycerol inclusion rate on growth performance, nitrogen and energy balances, and fish quality of juvenile European seabass. The results showed that the group fed with 25 g/kg refined glycerol had higher feed intake and weight gain compared to the other two groups. However, feed efficiency and protein utilization efficiency were similar among the three groups. The inclusion of refined glycerol increased hepato-somatic and visceral lipid-somatic indices, but did not affect proximal body composition. Additionally, fish quality decreased with storage time, but was not influenced by the dietary glycerol inclusion rate.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sang Hyuck Lee, Mi Ae Kim, Young Chang Sohn
Summary: This study characterized the CCAP signaling system in Pacific abalone and revealed its relationship with the calcium/PKC and cAMP/PKA signal transduction pathways. It provides new insights into the evolutionary origins of the NPS and OT/VP signaling systems in protostomes.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hanna Scheuffele, Erica V. Todd, John A. Donald, Timothy D. Clark
Summary: Global warming is causing an increase in extreme weather events, affecting ecosystems and the behavior of ectotherms. More research is needed to understand the impact of diurnal thermal variability and improve climate change predictions.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jaakko Haverinen, Ahmed Badr, Markus Eskelinen, Matti Vornanen
Summary: The acclimatization of certain ectothermic vertebrates to winter conditions involves reduced energy consumption, achieved through decreased movement activity, depression of cellular functions, or switching to anaerobic energy production. This study on crucian carp showed that winter-acclimatized fish exhibited lower metabolic rates and a shift to anaerobic energy production during anoxia. Winter dormancy in crucian carp is achieved through active reduction of energy consumption, a slowed metabolic rate, and a direct response to oxygen absence.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Cruz Sueiro, Cynthia A. Awruch, Gustavo M. Somoza, Walter S. Svagelj, Maria G. Palacios
Summary: According to life-history theory, there might be different immunological strategies between reproductive and non-reproductive periods due to limited resources. Our study on two sympatric marine fish species, rockfish and sandperch, found that reproductive individuals showed lower immune function, but higher levels of natural antibodies in rockfish females, compared to their non-reproductive counterparts. On the other hand, reproductively active sandperch males showed lower levels of natural antibodies and higher neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and spleen index compared to non-reproductive males. The study highlights the species-specific patterns of immunity and the potential influence of resource limitation and abiotic factors on immune trade-offs in fish.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
James B. Cummins, Dane A. Crossley II
Summary: This study focuses on cardiovascular development in altricial bird species, which has been less studied compared to precocial species. The researchers investigated the cholinergic and adrenergic receptor mediated control of arterial blood pressure and heart rate in the neotropic cormorant. The findings suggest that both cholinergic and adrenergic tone play a role in cardiovascular regulation in embryonic birds.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ru Xia, Hong-Kang Liu, Xi-Feng Liu, Xin Deng, Chuan-Jie Qin, Yuan-Fa He, Shi-Mei Lin, Yong-Jun Chen
Summary: This study cloned the genes encoding glucokinase and glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit in largemouth bass, revealing their distribution and transcriptional regulation. The results showed that the functions of G6pc and Gck in LMB were highly conserved in evolution, and the interconversion of glucose and G6P in the liver was well regulated at the transcript level under high starch diet, but a futile cycle was induced after a glucose load.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2024)