Article
Energy & Fuels
Giovanny S. de Oliveira, Ciro E. S. Lobo, Carlos E. A. Padilha, Domingos F. S. Souza, Juan A. C. Ruiz
Summary: Brazil aims to reduce its CO2 emissions by utilizing glycerin in Chemical Looping Combustion (CLC). The study evaluates the feasibility of using glycerin in CLC and finds that the addition of ethanol improves combustion efficiency, while the addition of methanol reduces efficiency.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
M. T. Izquierdo, F. Garcia-Labiano, A. Abad, A. Cabello, P. Gayan, L. F. de Diego, J. Adanez
Summary: This study evaluated the stability of a CuO/Al2O3 impregnated oxygen carrier during methane chemical looping combustion at high oxygen carrier to fuel ratios. The research found that low oxygen carrier conversion variation reduced copper loss from particles, but reoxidizing the oxygen carrier at high temperatures was difficult due to the formation of CuAlO2. Operating at temperatures around 800 degrees C with low solid conversion variation is recommended to limit copper loss while maintaining physical stability.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
A. Cabello, A. Abad, T. Mendiara, M. T. Izquierdo, L. F. de Diego
Summary: Chemical looping combustion (CLC) allows for the simultaneous combustion of a fuel and the capture of CO2. In this study, tests were conducted in a lab-scale CLC unit using a promising Cu-based oxygen carrier to determine its combustion performance and durability. Operating conditions were carefully selected to maximize the oxygen carrier's durability while achieving complete CH4 combustion. The results showed that the Cu-based oxygen carrier exhibited excellent mechanical resistance, making it suitable for continuous CLC operation at 900 degrees C.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Doki Yamaguchi, Liangguang Tang, Jose Orellana, Trevor D. Hadley, Sankar Bhattacharya, Kok-Seng Lim
Summary: The study developed a compact fully looped chemical looping reactor and found that the CLC performance increased with increasing operation time over 36 hours, as indicated by the increase in the CO2/CO molar ratio. The morphology changes and ash interaction of the Australian ilmenite did not noticeably affect the CLC performance or operation during continuous operation.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Richard A. Newby, Dale L. Keairns, Robert W. Stevens
Summary: The objective of this study was to estimate the cost of commercial production of oxygen carriers (OCs) for large-scale application in the chemical looping combustion (CLC) power generation industry. Two production facility scenarios were considered, and two OC production techniques were addressed. The estimated OC product costs can be used to guide development and determine the maximum OC makeup rate for achieving a designated cost-of-electricity (COE) reduction goal.
Review
Energy & Fuels
Guicai Liu, Grzegorz Lisak
Summary: This review summarizes the basic properties and opportunities of Cu-based OCs in various chemical looping processes. It covers the applications of Cu-based OCs in chemical looping combustion (CLC), chemical looping oxygen uncoupling (CLOU), chemical looping air separation (CLAS), chemical looping for syngas/H2 production, integrated CaO/CuO looping process, and thermochemical energy storage (TCES). The review also discusses the technical challenges and current strategies related to agglomeration, attrition, and ash accumulation. It provides insights and guidance for the design and development of Cu-based OCs and their applications in chemical looping processes.
Review
Environmental Sciences
W. Akram, Sanjay, M. A. Hassan
Summary: This paper discusses the application of oxygen carriers in chemical looping combustion and the impact of particle size, highlighting the potential use of nanosized oxygen carriers. It demonstrates that as particle size decreases from micro- to nanoscale, the reactivity of oxygen carriers increases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Stefan Mayrhuber, Fredrik Normann, Duygu Yilmaz, Henrik Leion
Summary: This study investigated the extent to which NO and NH3 react with the perovskite-like oxygen carrier ilmenite under conditions relevant to CLC. The results showed N-2 was the major outlet N-species in all experiments, with Norwegian ilmenite efficiently reducing NO. The presence of syngas hindered the reduction of NO by ilmenite.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Pietro Bartocci, Alberto Abad, Arturo Cabello Flores, Margarita de las Obras Loscertales
Summary: To address the scale-up challenges of Chemical Looping Processes, the development of efficient and affordable oxygen carriers is crucial. Ilmenite, an ore-derived oxygen carrier, has been identified as an abundant and low-cost option. This paper provides insights into its preparation, reactivity, and performance compared to other carriers, along with its thermodynamic properties and kinetics. The paper also explores its compatibility with various fuels (solid, liquid, gaseous, including biofuels) and discusses important considerations such as cost, environmental sustainability, oxygen transport capacity, as well as issues related to fluidized bed reactors, such as agglomeration and attrition behavior. Furthermore, the paper investigates the interaction between ilmenite and fuels, including the impact of impurities and coke deposition on the gasification rate of solid fuels.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Amr Abdalla, Mansour Mohammedramadan Tijani, Mohanned Mohamedali, Nader Mahinpey
Summary: This study investigated the effects of introducing WO3 into NiO/ZrO2 oxygen carriers for methane CLC, and found that the dual metal oxide oxygen carriers exhibited enhanced oxygen capacity and lower carbon formation compared to their monometallic counterparts. The introduction of WO3 into the NiO/ZrO2 lattice structure led to the formation of an intermediate phase (NiWO4) which improved oxygen carriers' reducibility and metal dispersion. Impregnation synthesis method showed superior performance in terms of cyclic stability and coking resistance.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Dunyu Liu, Chaoran Wang, Yunpei Fan, Qiuqi Liu, Xudong Wang, Kailong Xu, Jing Jin, Jingjing Ma, Jinchen Ma
Summary: Chemical looping combustion (CLC) of coal for carbon capture utilization and storage is an effective technology to reduce carbon emission. However, there is uncertainty in mercury emission from both air and fuel reactor. This paper aims to reveal the mechanisms for the transformation of mercury-related species.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Dawei Wang, Anuj Joshi, Liang-Shih Fan
Summary: Chemical looping is a process that uses chemical intermediates to decompose a reaction into multiple sub-reaction steps. Calcium looping and redox looping are two applications of chemical looping, with the former being commercially demonstrated and the latter yet to be realized sustainably. With increasing concerns about climate change, efforts to develop redox looping as a promising fossil energy conversion technology with CO2 emission control have been invigorated. Metal oxide reaction engineering and particle science and technology are crucial technical areas to advance the industrial practice of chemical looping.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Siddig Abuelgasim, Wenju Wang, Atif Abdalazeez
Summary: Chemical looping combustion (CLC) is a promising CO2 capture technology that utilizes metal particles to transport oxygen and avoid nitrogen in combustion exhaust. Oxygen carrier is a key parameter in CLC, and tests have shown its feasibility worldwide.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Haodong Huang, Jinchen Ma, Haibo Zhao, Chuguang Zheng
Summary: This work investigates the behavior of coal-derived chlorine in chemical looping combustion (CLC) and the potential adverse impacts of primary gaseous chlorine (HCl) on a Cu-based oxygen carrier (OC). The inactivation mechanism of the sol-gel-derived CuO/Al2O3 OC is studied. It is found that HCl is the main gaseous chlorine in coal CLC and shows high reactivity towards CuO. The presence of HCl can result in corrosion and degradation of the OC.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
M. de las Obras Loscertales, A. Cabello, A. Abad, L. F. de Diego
Summary: L-CLCTM is a novel process that combines combustion and desulfurization with CO2 capture. Experimental tests show that high combustion efficiencies can be achieved at moderate temperatures, and a Ca/S molar ratio of 2.25 can result in suitable sulfur retention values.
Article
Thermodynamics
Guohui Song, Shanhui Zhao, Xiang Wang, Xiaobo Cui, Hongyan Wang, Jun Xiao
Summary: This work proposes an efficient process for converting biomass and renewable electricity into synthetic natural gas, with the potential to achieve high yields and efficiencies. The study finds that under optimized conditions, the produced synthetic syngas and synthetic natural gas can have significant quantities and competitiveness. This research is valuable for countries with limited gas resources as a reference for renewable electricity storage and optimization of power-to-X processes using biomass as a carbon source.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yue Guo, Shangyi Yin, Ping Lu, Tao Song
Summary: A new design of a staged fuel reactor is proposed to reduce the pressure drop during chemical looping applications. The design integrates a bubbling bed and a spouted fluidized bed. Cold experimental setup is established to gain insights into the gas-solid fluid dynamics of the new design. The results show different flow types and corresponding transition boundaries, providing a way to lower the overall pressure drop and reduce the fan energy consumption.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Lu Chen, Huijun Ge, Ping Li, Changdong Sheng, Tao Song
Summary: Biomass fueled-Chemical Looping Combustion (CLC) provides a pathway for negative CO2 emission. However, the interaction behavior between organic potassium (K) and an oxygen carrier in CLC is not well understood. This study investigated the interaction between organic K and Fe2O3/Al2O3 oxygen carrier and found that the introduction of steam can suppress agglomeration.
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
(2022)
Correction
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Guohui Song, Liang Wang, Ailin Yao, Xiaobo Cui, Jun Xiao
Article
Energy & Fuels
Wenyu Zhang, Xianyu Liu, Guiling Xu, Tao Song
Summary: Using red mud as the oxygen carrier, the study found that it can promote sulfur conversion during the chemical looping combustion process. The addition of potassium catalyst further enhances sulfur conversion and carbon conversion.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Wankun Chen, Weifeng Zhou, Ling Zhu, Yuan Cao, Haiming Gu, Bin Yu
Summary: A novel 3D multithreading dilated convolutional network (MTDC-Net) was proposed for automatic brain tumor segmentation. By introducing multi-threading dilated convolution strategy, pyramid matrix fusion algorithm, spatial pyramid convolution operation, and multi-threading adaptive pooling up-sampling strategy, the model achieved high dice scores on public validation datasets.
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL INFORMATICS
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Guohui Song, Jun Xiao, Chao Yan, Haiming Gu, Hao Zhao
Summary: This study focuses on the qualities of various purified gaseous biofuels and proposes methods for classifying them based on heating value and toxicity. The results indicate that synthetic natural gas, biogas, and methanation products of producer gases are preferred gaseous biofuels for different applications. Additionally, the concept of electrification of biomass conversion is introduced, providing promising solutions for biomass and organic waste management, grid stability, sustainable fuel production, and decarbonization.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xiaobo Cui, Pan Xu, Guohui Song, Haiming Gu, Hui Gu, Liang Wang, Hongxia Zhu
Summary: This paper proposes a PID control strategy based on integral gain scheduling to improve the control performance of an SST system under large-varying operating conditions. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified through theoretical analysis and stability calculation, and simulation results demonstrate its valuable application prospects.
Article
Thermodynamics
Qiongyin Zhang, Jun Xiao, Jingwen Hao
Summary: This study presents and compares two different pathways of lignin conversion to bio-jet fuel from corn stalks. The one-step conversion pathway yields higher bio-jet fuel and cumulative exergy efficiency compared to the two-step conversion pathway. Biomass conversion to bio-jet fuel with self-supplied hydrogen aids in converting low-quality biomass into high-quality bio-jet fuel and reducing fossil fuel consumption. Sensitivity analysis shows that the hydrolysis efficiency of lignin has the greatest impact on cumulative exergy efficiency, while the furfural yield from hemicellulose has the lowest impact.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Peng Wang, Qi Hong, Laihong Shen, Tao Song
Summary: The reactivity and stability of two low-cost red muds as oxygen carriers for chemical looping combustion were experimentally investigated. The results showed that XinFa red mud had better reactivity and stability compared to LuShan red mud, achieving complete conversion of biomass char with better resistance to attrition.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chenhan Liu, Chao Wu, Tao Song, Yunshan Zhao, Juekuan Yang, Ping Lu, Gang Zhang, Yunfei Chen
Summary: Searching for high thermal conductivity materials is a long-term endeavor. Comparing the thermal conductivities of selected carbon allotropes, we found that a high symmetry operation number and a small atom number in the primitive unit cell can reduce the phonon-phonon scattering phase space. Through comprehensive searching of a carbon allotrope database, we found that the bcc-C6 allotrope has a high thermal conductivity due to its high symmetry operation number and small atom number. The calculated lattice thermal conductivity of bcc-C6 can reach 2198 W/m K at room temperature if its atomic packing fraction equals that of diamond.
ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Tao Song, Jianzheng Xu
Summary: Chemical Looping Combustion (CLC) is a cost-effective method for CO2 negative emission from biomass. Experimental and modeling results show that using low-cost red mud as an oxygen carrier can reduce the inhibitory effect of H2 on carbon reaction, thereby significantly enhancing char conversion.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaoyong Zhang, Zhenjiang Wang, Xiaowei Peng, Jun Xiao, Qijing Wu, Xiaoping Chen
Summary: Anaerobic digestion is a promising method for reducing sewage sludge and recovering energy. A comparative life cycle assessment was conducted to evaluate different anaerobic digestion processes. The results show that anaerobic digestion combined with cogeneration and digestate incineration is advantageous to high energy recovery, but incineration is disadvantageous to economic performance. The study also revealed that the environmental damage is largest in the process of thermophilic anaerobic digestion with digestate incineration, while the smallest load is in mesophilic anaerobic digestion with digestate landfilling. Overall, thermophilic anaerobic digestion combined with thermal hydrolysis pre-treatment exhibits the best resource performance, and digestate incineration and CAD-2 show better comprehensive performance. The deep drying incineration process has better comprehensive performance than sewage sludge anaerobic digestion processes.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yu Yang, Yali Shao, Shiwei Ma, Ping Li, Tao Song
Summary: Oxygen Carrier Aided Combustion (OCAC) is a process that improves combustion efficiency by using oxygen carrier particles. This study found that red mud is a potential low-cost oxygen carrier and investigated the interaction mechanism between organic and inorganic potassium and red mud oxygen carriers, as well as their effect on particle agglomeration.
Article
Thermodynamics
Yifan Yang, Haodong Zhang, Linye Li, Mingming Gu, Xi Xia, Fei Qi
Summary: This paper investigates the formation of a blue whirl by controlling tangential and radial airflows. By using a unique fire whirl apparatus, the blue whirl can be formed directly upon ignition without going through the transient phase. The study also discovers new flame regimes and explores the mechanism behind the formation and transition of the blue whirl.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Xiaobin Qi, Songyan Gao, Zhiping Zhu, Qinggang Lyu, Haixia Zhang
Summary: This study experimentally investigated the propagation characteristics of reverse combustion under oxygen-limited and enriched conditions. The contribution of volatiles gas-phase oxidation and char surface oxidation to reverse combustion was evaluated. The results showed that oxygen enrichment expanded the operating range of oxygen flow rate for reverse combustion and enhanced the low-temperature oxidation of the solid fuel. The findings provide a better understanding of the driving mechanism of reverse combustion and have important implications for efficient thermal conversion of solid fuels.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Bingjie Chen, Peng Liu, Bingzhi Liu, Zhandong Wang, Xiang Gao, William L. Roberts
Summary: In this study, the low temperature oxidation of 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene was investigated using experiments and numerical simulations. The results showed the presence of toxic oxygenated aromatic compounds and proposed potential formation pathways. The numerical simulations accurately predicted the mole fractions of most compounds, but some compounds were missing.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Meng Sui, Zhiheng Zhu, Fashe Li, Hua Wang
Summary: The effect of adding ferrocene as a combustion catalyst to Jatropha biodiesel on its pyrolysis and combustion performance is investigated. The results show that adding ferrocene reduces activation energy and harmful emissions while improving combustion efficiency.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Manaf Sheyyab, Mohammed Abdulrahman, Subharaj Hossain, Patrick T. Lynch, Eric K. Mayhew, Kenneth Brezinsky
Summary: Fuel surrogates, simplified representations of complex fuels, accurately model speciation results and reaction kinetics, reproduce the ignition quality and chemical functional group compositions of their parent fuels.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yan Wang, Shumeng Xie, Hannes Bottler, Yiqing Wang, Xinyi Chen, Arne Scholtissek, Christian Hasse, Zheng Chen
Summary: This study investigates how flow affects the ignition and transition process of a cool flame. The results show that the ignition energy determines the highest temperature and the strain rate influences the flame propagation and the transition from cool flame to hot flame.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Tanusree Chatterjee, Mengyuan Wang, Goutham Kukkadapu, Chih-Jen Sung, William J. Pitz
Summary: Cycloalkanes, including cyclohexane, are important hydrocarbons in transportation fuels. However, limited oxidation data at low-to-intermediate temperatures and inadequate predictive ability of kinetic models have hindered the understanding and improvement of cyclohexane oxidation. This study provides experimental and modeling results to develop a more accurate kinetic model for cyclohexane oxidation.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Tao Wu, Erik Hagen, Haiyang Wang, Dylan J. Kline, Michael R. Zachariah, Carole Rossi
Summary: It was found that incorporating CuO into Al/I2O5 can significantly reduce the ignition time and enhance the combustion performance. The optimum composition of 80/20 wt% of I2O5/CuO shows a 30 times shorter ignition time and produces a peak pressure and pressurization rate 4 and 26 times greater than traditional Al/I2O5. A series of characterizations helped unravel the cause of improvement and propose a reaction mechanism for this ternary Al/I2O5/CuO system. This study proposes a facile, inexpensive, and efficient way to enhance the combustion performance of Al/I2O5 biocidal nanoenergetic materials.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Mahmoud Gadalla, Shervin Karimkashi, Islam Kabil, Ossi Kaario, Tianfeng Lu, Ville Vuorinen
Summary: In this study, the flame initiation process in dual-fuel spray assisted combustion is explored through scale-resolved simulations, providing numerical evidence on the initiation of premixed flames. It is found that there is a transient mixed-mode combustion phase after ignition, followed by a primarily deflagrative combustion mode. The interactions between turbulence and premixed flame front are characterized in the corrugated regime.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Neeraj Kumar Pradhan, Arindrajit Chowdhury, Debasis Chakraborty, Neeraj Kumbhakarna
Summary: In this study, a modified model for predicting the burn rate of composite solid propellants is proposed. The model has been validated against experimental and theoretical results, and it outperforms existing models in all cases considered. The model is highly robust and provides results quickly, making it highly efficient in terms of time, effort, and computational resources.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Lili Ye, Zhihe Zhang, Fan Wang, Xiaodong Wang, Yiming Lu, Lei Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the pyrolysis mechanism of octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) explosive using ab initio and kinetic modeling simulations. The results showed that N-NO2 bond fission and C-H beta-scission are important channels in the decomposition of HMX.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Andrei N. Lipatnikov, Hsuchew Lee, Peng Dai, Minping Wan, Vladimir A. Sabelnikov
Summary: This study investigates the importance of thermodiffusive and hydrodynamic instabilities of laminar flames in turbulent flows through numerical simulations. The analysis suggests that laminar flame instabilities play a minor role at sufficiently high Karlovitz numbers.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Shijie Xu, Yue Qiu, Leilei Xu, Jianqing Huang, Shen Li, Elna J. K. Nilsson, Zhongshan Li, Weiwei Cai, Marcus Alden, Xue-Song Bai
Summary: Metal powder is a promising carbon-free and recyclable energy carrier. In this study, a computational model for the combustion and phase change of micron-sized iron particles was proposed and validated. The model successfully captures the melting, surface reactions, cooling, and solidification processes. The study also reveals a two-stage solidification phenomenon and identifies a diffusion-controlled mechanism during the melting process. The reaction between iron and CH4/O2/N2 flame products is found to play a significant role in the iron combustion process.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Khalid Aljohani, Abd El-Sabor Mohamed, Haitao Lu, Henry J. Curran, S. Mani Sarathy, Aamir Farooq
Summary: This study investigates the impact of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and NOx on the ignition delay time of oxygenated gasoline. A gasoline surrogate model is developed and the experimental data are useful for predicting fuel ignition behavior in internal combustion engines. The results show that EGR inhibits gasoline reactivity, while NOx has a promoting effect at high temperatures. This research is important for understanding the combustion behavior of gasoline in engines.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Chengcheng Ao, Jia Yan, Tong Yan, Lidong Zhang, Pan Wang
Summary: This study investigates the inhibitory effect of ammonia blended with hydrocarbon fuels on soot formation. The results show that there is a chemical interaction between ammonia and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), blocking the formation of larger PAHs.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2024)