Article
Surgery
Bruce Su'a, Tony Milne, Rebekah Jaung, James Z. Jin, Darren Svirskis, Ian P. Bissett, Tim Eglinton, Andrew G. Hill
Summary: This study found that early post-operative elevation of CRP and IL-6 can be used for early detection of AL after elective colectomy. Further investigation is needed for the application of these inflammatory biomarkers and their combinations in daily practice.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
David A. Clark, Daniel Steffens, Michael Solomon
Summary: Anastomotic leak is the most important complication of intestinal surgery, and while many studies have identified risk factors, most biomarkers show inconsistent threshold values and are still in the experimental stage, not readily available for adoption into routine clinical practice.
COLORECTAL DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Richard T. Spence, Dhruvin H. Hirpara, Sachin Doshi, Fayez A. Quereshy, Sami A. Chadi
Summary: A study found that early anastomotic leaks (within three days post-surgery) were associated with a higher failure to rescue rate. Therefore, early detection algorithms and interventions are recommended to minimize the risk of failure to rescue.
SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES
(2022)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Mark Gray, Jamie R. K. Marland, Alan F. Murray, David J. Argyle, Mark A. Potter
Summary: Development of an anastomotic leak (AL) following colorectal cancer surgery is a life-threatening complication that can lead to severe consequences such as abdominal contamination and peritonitis. Current research is focusing on identifying diagnostic or predictive biomarkers for AL to enhance post-operative care and improve outcomes for patients. Although no AL biomarker has been validated in large-scale clinical trials yet, personalized medicine through biomarker analysis could hold promise for colorectal cancer patients undergoing intestinal resection and anastomosis in the future.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
N. Moreno-Lopez, S. Mvouama, A. Bourredjem, I Fournel, T. Perrin, A. Flaris, P. Rat, O. Facy
Summary: This study assessed the benefit of rectal contrast enema CT scan (RCE-CT) for early diagnosis of anastomotic leaks (AL) following colorectal surgery. The results showed that RCE-CT had increased negative predictive value, sensitivity, and lower false-negative rate compared to regular CT scan.
TECHNIQUES IN COLOPROCTOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Praachi Raje, Benjamin G. Allar, Kevin R. Arndt, Kristen T. Crowell, Evangelos Messaris
Summary: Previous studies have suggested that postoperative C-reactive protein (CRP) trends are sensitive for predicting anastomotic leak (AL) after elective colorectal surgery. However, in the context of enhanced recovery pathways, it may not be practical to monitor multi-day CRP trends. This study aimed to assess the realistic and clinical utility of CRP in predicting AL.
LANGENBECKS ARCHIVES OF SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Vijaya T. Daniel, Karim Alavi, Jennifer S. Davids, Cristina R. Harnsberger, Justin A. Maykel
Summary: The study survey revealed a lack of consensus on the definition of anastomotic leaks, indicating the urgent need for standardization to impact outcomes measurement, research trials, and healthcare reimbursement.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
S. M. Cuff, N. Reeves, E. Lewis, E. Jones, S. Baker, A. Karategos, R. Morris, J. Torkington, M. Eberl
Summary: This pilot study demonstrates that a simple immune signature in surgical drain fluid could accurately diagnose an anastomotic leak at 48 h postoperatively using instrumentation that is already widely available in hospital clinical laboratories.
TECHNIQUES IN COLOPROCTOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Timothy S. Nugent, Michael E. Kelly, Noel E. Donlon, Matthew R. Fahy, John O. Larkin, Paul H. McCormick, Brian J. Mehigan
Summary: This meta-analysis study confirms that obesity is a significant risk factor for rectal anastomotic leak, with technical difficulties likely playing a major role.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COLORECTAL DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Nuno J. G. Rama, Marlene C. C. Lages, Maria Pedro S. Guarino, Oscar Lourenco, Patricia C. Motta Lima, Diana Parente, Candida S. G. Silva, Ricardo Castro, Ana Bento, Anabela Rocha, Fernando Castro-Pocas, Joao Pimentel
Summary: This study assessed the usefulness of plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) and calprotectin (CLP) as early predictors of colorectal anastomotic leakage (CAL). By measuring and analyzing biomarkers and clinical criteria, it was found that CRP and CLP can moderately predict CAL, and their combination showed increased diagnostic accuracy.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Masaki Morimoto, Kenjiro Taniguchi, Osamu Yamamoto, Takuji Naka, Atsushi Sugitani, Yoshiyuki Fujiwara
Summary: Analysis of preoperative data from patients with left-sided colorectal cancer showed that preoperative white blood cell (WBC) count and smoking were independent risk factors for anastomotic leak (AL). The optimal cut-off value for WBC count (6,200/mu L) had high sensitivity and negative predictive value for predicting AL. Preoperative WBC count may serve as a convenient predictor for AL in these patients.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Florian Kuehn, Sandro Michael Hasenhutl, Felix O. Hofmann, Ulrich Wirth, Moritz Drefs, Jens Werner, Tobias S. Schiergens
Summary: In this retrospective cohort analysis, endoscopic vacuum therapy for rectal anastomotic leak was successful in 90% of patients without fecal diversion, showing effectiveness in controlling sepsis, promoting granulation and closure of the leak cavity, and achieving long-term stoma-free survival. Endoscopic vacuum therapy could be considered a viable alternative to secondary stoma creation for the treatment of rectal anastomotic leak.
DISEASES OF THE COLON & RECTUM
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Nuno J. G. Rama, Oscar Lourenco, Patricia C. Motta Lima, Maria Pedro S. Guarino, Diana Parente, Ricardo Castro, Ana Bento, Anabela Rocha, Fernando Castro-Pocas, Joao Pimentel
Summary: This study developed a scoring system based on easily accessible variables to detect colorectal anastomotic leakage early. The scoring system can predict the occurrence of anastomotic leakage in advance and reduce overall healthcare costs.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL SURGERY
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Denise E. Yeung, Elizabeth Peterknecht, Shahab Hajibandeh, Shahin Hajibandeh, Andrew W. Torrance
Summary: This meta-analysis revealed that patients with anastomotic leakage after colorectal surgery have significantly higher serum C-reactive protein levels compared to those without leakage, and cut-off CRP values can be used to predict anastomotic leakage to expedite investigation and treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COLORECTAL DISEASE
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Davide Bona, Piergiorgio Danelli, Andrea Sozzi, Marcello Sanzi, Luigi Cayre, Francesca Lombardo, Gianluca Bonitta, Marta Cavalli, Giampiero Campanelli, Alberto Aiolfi
Summary: C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) can be used as indicators for early anastomotic leak (AL) after colorectal surgery. CRP and PCT concentrations lower than the derived cut-offs on postoperative day (POD) 3 to PODS may help rule out AL and identify patients at low risk.
JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Rehabilitation
Archie P. T. Allen, William S. Bolton, Mohamed B. Jalloh, Stephen J. Halpin, David G. Jayne, Julian D. A. Scott
Summary: This study aimed to explore the obstacles faced by lower limb amputees and service providers in accessing or providing rehabilitation services, as well as describe the lower limb amputations performed in public hospitals in the Western Area of Sierra Leone in 2018. The study found that factors such as poor transportation access, high service fees, rural living, gender, and a lack of government support posed barriers to accessing services for amputees. In terms of providing rehabilitation services, insufficient funding and supplies, skilled staff shortages, and a lack of local training programs were frequently reported obstacles.
DISABILITY AND REHABILITATION
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Gemma R. Armstrong, Mohammed Khot, Christophe Portal, Nick P. West, Sarah L. Perry, Tom Maisey, Jim P. Tiernan, Thomas A. Hughes, Damian J. Tolan, David G. Jayne
Summary: The study confirmed the specificity of EMI-137 to c-Met and its potential application value in vivo murine models. In the clinical trial, EMI-137 was safe with no serious adverse events reported, but there was observed enhancement of background fluorescence in participants.
SURGICAL ONCOLOGY-OXFORD
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Woo Seok Kim, M. Ibrahim Khot, Hyun-Myung Woo, Sungcheol Hong, Dong-Hyun Baek, Thomas Maisey, Brandon Daniels, P. Louise Coletta, Byung-Jun Yoon, David G. Jayne, Sung Il Park
Summary: The authors report an AI-enabled, implantable, multichannel wireless telemetry for photodynamic therapy that enables uniform delivery of multi-wavelength light to tumors. They overcome the limitations of traditional wireless technologies through a thermal/light simulation platform, providing guidelines for effective photodynamic therapy regimen design.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Surgery
H. H. Elkadi, E. Dodd, T. Poulton, W. Bolton, J. R. Burke, J. Tiernan, D. Jayne
Summary: This study aimed to assess the effect of anaesthetic use on outcomes following incision and drainage of simple subcutaneous abscesses. The results showed that the use of local anaesthesia instead of general anaesthesia during the COVID-19 pandemic did not significantly affect the effectiveness of the procedure, with no significant difference in wound healing observed. Recurrent packing may not be necessary.
ANNALS OF THE ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS OF ENGLAND
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Caroline E. Boulind, Oliver Gould, Ben de Lacy Costello, Joanna Allison, Paul White, Paul Ewings, Alfian N. Wicaksono, Nathan J. Curtis, Anne Pullyblank, David Jayne, James A. Covington, Norman Ratcliffe, Claire Turner, Nader K. Francis
Summary: This study investigated the potential role of urinary VOC analysis in the NHS cancer screening pathway and found that it could potentially reduce the need for invasive colonoscopy testing.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Mikolaj Kowal, Francesca Douglas, David Jayne, David Meads
Summary: This systematic review aimed to investigate patient preferences in colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment using attribute-based stated preference (AbSP) techniques. The review found that AbSP techniques, including DCE, TTO, and conjoint analysis, were used to explore trade-offs between different treatments. The most examined domain was physical health. The results showed that life expectancy was the main attribute in chemotherapy treatment, while patients were willing to trade life expectancy for avoiding adverse outcomes or a permanent stoma in surgery. Patients also valued communication skills, treatment cost, and clinicians' views in cancer services.
COLORECTAL DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Ajay Aggarwal, Lu Han, Stephanie van der Geest, Daniel Lewis, Yolande Lievens, Josep Borras, David Jayne, Richard Sullivan, Marco Varkevisser, Jan van der Meulen
Summary: This study developed a health service planning model to estimate the potential impacts of different centralization scenarios on rectal cancer surgery, including travel time, equity in access to services, patient outcomes, and hospital workload.
Article
Oncology
Lu Han, Jemma M. Boyle, Kate Walker, Angela Kuryba, Michael S. Braun, Nicola Fearnhead, David Jayne, Richard Sullivan, Jan van der Meulen, Ajay Aggarwal
Summary: This study found that hospitals located in areas of high competition for rectal cancer surgery are associated with better patient outcomes and improved processes of care.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Matthew A. A. Smith, M. Ibrahim Khot, Silvia Taccola, Nicholas R. Fry, Pirkko L. Muhonen, Joanne L. Tipper, David G. Jayne, Robert W. Kay, Russell A. Harris
Summary: This paper introduces a new technology that allows for high-throughput screening and tissue engineering applications of in vitro cell models. Through the use of a computerized system, high-fidelity microscale patterned coatings can be designed and deposited on cell culturing surfaces, altering their chemical and topographical properties. Compared to other methods, this technology is digitally controlled and automated, enabling scientists to rapidly create and explore a wide range of cell culture patterns. The experimental validation across various cell lines shows how these patterned coatings can influence the growth and movement of different types of cells.
BIOMEDICAL MICRODEVICES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Neil Corrigan, Julia M. Brown, Richard Emsley, David G. Jayne, Rebecca E. A. Walwyn
Summary: This article discusses how to incorporate surgeon learning curves in the design and analysis of surgical RCTs. The current guidance is flawed and inadequate for policymaking in this setting. The article proposes the use of multiphase optimisation strategy (MOST) and conditional average treatment effect (CATE) to address this gap.
Review
Oncology
Nicole Lintern, Andrew M. Smith, David G. Jayne, Yazan S. Khaled
Summary: Pancreatic cancer is highly lethal with low survival rate. The resistance to current therapies is largely attributed to the dense tissue surrounding the cancer cells. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has shown potential in killing pancreatic cancer cells and altering the surrounding tissue.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Precious Jolugbo, Thomas Willott, Wei-Hsiang Lin, Thomas Maisey, Dermott O'Callaghan, Mark A. Green, David G. Jayne, M. Ibrahim Khot
Summary: We developed a CEA-conjugated polymer nanoparticle probe for targeting CEA-expressing CRC cells in vitro. Its efficacy was evaluated in 2D and 3D cultures of LS174T, LoVo, and HT29 CRC cell lines. CPN510-CEA-Af demonstrated higher fluorescent signal intensity than unconjugated particles, indicating its potential as a probe for image-guided colorectal cancer surgery.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Melissa Joanne Bautista, Mikolaj Kowal, Daniel G. W. Cave, Candice Downey, David G. Jayne
Summary: Contactless photoplethysmography (cPPG) is a non-invasive monitoring method that uses a camera to measure physiological signals without contact with the subject. This review evaluated the current literature on cPPG monitoring in adults in a clinical setting. Twelve studies involving 654 individuals were included, and heart rate was the most investigated vital sign. Meta-analysis of four studies showed that cPPG had a mean bias of -0.13 compared to ECG data. This study demonstrates the potential of cPPG as a useful tool for remote patient monitoring, especially for heart rate.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Alexios Dosis, Jack Helliwell, Aron Syversen, Jim Tiernan, Zhiqiang Zhang, David Jayne
Summary: This study compared the performance of conventional regression models and machine learning models in predicting postoperative mortality in colorectal surgery. The results showed comparable predictive performance between the two methods. The application of machine learning in colorectal risk prediction is promising, but further improvements in the models are needed to support clinical adoption.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COLORECTAL DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Anthony Howard, William Bolton, Alexander Wood, Harry Hodgson, Julian Scott, David Jayne, Ibrahum Bundu
Summary: The study provides important insights into the types and distribution of elective and trauma orthopaedic injuries in Sierra Leone, highlighting the need for improved healthcare planning and resource allocation.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY AND TRAUMATOLOGY
(2023)