Journal
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
Volume 325, Issue 1-2, Pages 26-32Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2008.04.028
Keywords
gemini surfactant; CMC; spacer length; hydrogen bond
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- National Basic Research Program of China [20633010, 2005cb221300]
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A series of cationic gemini surfactants, alkanediyl-alpha,omega-bis[di(2-hydroxylethyl) dodecylammonium] dibromide (abbreviated as 12-s-12 (OH), with s=4, 6, 8 and 10 methylenes) have been synthesized, and their aggregation properties in aqueous solution have been studied by surface tension, electrical conductivity, isothermal titration calorimetry, H-1 NMR, dynamic light scattering, and transmission electron microscopy. Two critical aggregation concentrations are observed for these surfactants. These surfactants start to form dimers at concentrations well below their critical micelle concentrations (CMC). Above the CMC, these surfactants can form both micelles and vesicles spontaneously with a micelle-to-vesicle transition. The hydrogen bond among the OH groups of headgroups and water molecules as well as the strong hydrophobic interaction among the hydrocarbon side chains should be the main origins for these unique aggregation behaviors of these gemini surfactants. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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