Article
Oceanography
D. G. Babb, R. J. Galley, S. Kirillov, J. C. Landy, S. E. L. Howell, J. C. Stroeve, W. Meier, J. K. Ehn, D. G. Barber
Summary: The loss of multiyear sea ice in the Arctic Ocean has occurred primarily through two stepwise reductions: in 1989 and in 2006-2008. The first reduction was due to high export of multiyear ice, while the second reduction was a result of both high export and melt, as well as limited replenishment of multiyear ice. Although currently stable, reduced retention of older multiyear ice has led to a younger and thinner multiyear ice pack, potentially setting the stage for another reduction.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Durell S. Desmond, Diana Saltymakova, Alastair Smith, Teresinha Wolfe, Nolan Snyder, Katarzyna Polcwiartek, Maria Bautista, Marcos Lemes, Casey R. J. Hubert, David G. Barber, Dustin Isleifson, Gary A. Stern
Summary: The disappearance of sea ice in the Arctic region calls for urgent development of oil spill mitigation techniques suitable for ice-covered waters. The uncertainty surrounding oil spills in the Arctic is due to ice cover and sub-zero temperatures, which may affect natural attenuation efficiency. Research suggests that brine volume in ice at low temperatures may not be enough for biodegradation, whereas seawater is more suitable for this process.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Claire L. Parkinson, Nicolo E. DiGirolamo
Summary: The satellite dataset spanning 42 years from 1979 to 2020 reveals recent losses in sea ice coverage in both the Arctic and Antarctic, with the Arctic experiencing record low sea ice extents while the Antarctic has seen record lows since 2015. The data also shows that globally, every calendar month has recorded a new monthly record low within the past 5 years, indicating a rapid decline in global sea ice coverage.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Lars Aue, Timo Vihma, Petteri Uotila, Annette Rinke
Summary: Based on the ERA5 reanalysis, this study examines the impacts of transient cyclones on sea ice concentration (SIC) in the Atlantic sector of the Arctic Ocean under New Arctic conditions (2000-2020). The results show a pattern of reduced SIC prior to and during cyclones for the entire study area, with a regional difference of increased SIC in the Barents Sea and reduced SIC in the Greenland Sea from 3 days before to 5 days after the cyclone passage. The study suggests that both thermodynamic and dynamic effects contribute to the SIC changes, particularly in the Barents Sea, compared to the Old Arctic (1979-1999).
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Sergey Danilov, Nikolay Koldunov, Dmitry Sidorenko, Patrick Scholz, Qiang Wang
Summary: The damping time scale is crucial for the numerical stability of the EVP sea-ice solvers, and enlarging it can lead to simulation results closer to the traditional EVP implementation with fewer internal time steps. Differences in sea-ice thickness and linear kinematic features between the traditional and suggested choices of EVP damping time scales are minor, considering uncertainties associated with other parameters in sea-ice models.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Oceanography
J. Kousal, J. J. Voermans, Q. Liu, P. Heil, A. Babanin
Summary: Waves and sea ice are closely coupled, with wave-induced ice break-up regulating air-sea interaction and sea ice growth/melt. This coupling is often neglected in modeling the polar climate system.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2022)
Review
Geochemistry & Geophysics
A. D. Fraser, P. Wongpan, P. J. Langhorne, A. R. Klekociuk, K. Kusahara, D. Lannuzel, R. A. Massom, K. M. Meiners, K. M. Swadling, D. P. Atwater, G. M. Brett, M. Corkill, L. A. Dalman, S. Fiddes, A. Granata, L. Guglielmo, P. Heil, G. H. Leonard, A. R. Mahoney, A. McMinn, P. van der Merwe, C. K. Weldrick, B. Wienecke
Summary: Antarctic landfast sea ice, also known as fast ice, is stationary sea ice that is attached to the coast, grounded icebergs, ice shelves, or other protrusions on the continental shelf. Despite its limited extent, fast ice plays a crucial role in various physical, biological, and biogeochemical processes, with both local and far-reaching consequences for the Earth system.
REVIEWS OF GEOPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
David G. Babb, Ryan J. Galley, Stephen E. L. Howell, Jack C. Landy, Julienne C. Stroeve, David G. Barber
Summary: Research shows that there has been an increasing loss of multiyear sea ice in the Arctic region in recent years. Data from 1997 to 2021 reveals that while the import of multiyear ice into the Beaufort Sea has increased, less of it now survives through the summer and is transported in the Gyre. The annual average loss of multiyear ice has quadrupled over the study period, accounting for about 33% of the annual Fram Strait multiyear ice export. The loss of multiyear ice is attributed to the ice-albedo feedback and the transition towards younger, thinner ice.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
A. Maximilian Semmling, Jens Wickert, Frederik Kress, Mohammed Mainul Hoque, Dmitry Divine, Sebastian Gerland, Gunnar Spreen
Summary: Reflectometry measurements were conducted during the MOSAiC expedition to monitor the reflectivity of Arctic sea ice. The results showed that reflectivity can serve as an indicator for sea ice monitoring under certain conditions, and the results were compared with model predictions for validation. Additionally, the analysis of anomalies in sea ice profiles provided insights into factors such as ice thickness and temperature.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Feng Wang, Dongkai Yang, Mingjie Niu, Lei Yang, Bo Zhang
Summary: Based on a developed three-layer air-ice-water reflection model, this article explores the potential of detecting and measuring sea ice using GNSS signals. The results show that phase coherency can effectively detect sea ice, and the oscillating frequency is a better choice to measure sea ice thickness.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jinlun Zhang
Summary: The model study indicates that the slowdown in the decline of Arctic sea ice volume during 2007-2020 is a result of decreased ice export exceeding the decrease in net ice production. Thinner ice grows faster than thicker ice under freezing conditions, and benefits from enhanced ice divergence and shear.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Pavel Perezhogin, Ilya Chernov, Nikolay Iakovlev
Summary: This paper presents a parallel version of the Arctic Ocean finite-element model configured for the White Sea, based on MPI technology. The model consists of ocean dynamics and surface ice dynamics parts, accommodating different computations due to varying complexities. By locating submodels on the same CPU cores with a common horizontal partition and using Hilbert-curve balancing, the authors achieve parallel acceleration and load balance improvements.
GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Seungmok Paik, Daehyun Kim, Soon-Il An, Yoo-Geun Ham
Summary: This study evaluates the projections of September sea ice area (SIA) in the Arctic using CMIP6 model simulations and taking into account Arctic sub-regions. Findings show that the models overestimate the historical SIA decreasing trend in the central Arctic but underestimate it in the surrounding shelf seas. The central Arctic, which is expected to retain sea ice for the longest period, is of particular significance in predicting the first ice-free September. Observationally-constrained projections suggest a delay of 12 years compared to raw/unconstrained projections, highlighting the importance of considering model biases in central Arctic SIA.
Article
Oceanography
Samuel Brenner, Luc Rainville, Jim Thomson, Sylvia Cole, Craig Lee
Summary: Understanding and predicting sea ice dynamics and ice-ocean feedback processes require accurate descriptions of momentum fluxes across the ice-ocean interface. By using observations from moorings in the Beaufort Sea and a force-balance approach, drag coefficient values over an annual cycle and a range of ice conditions were determined, with reasonable prediction capabilities when ice geometry is known.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jong -Min Kim, Sang -Woo Kim, Byung-Ju Sohn, Hyun-Cheol Kim, Sang-Moo Lee, Young-Joo Kwon, Hoyeon Shi, Andrey V. Pnyushkov
Summary: A method was developed to estimate pan-Arctic ice draft using spaceborne passive microwave measured brightness temperatures. The method was validated using upward-looking sonar measurements and ice mass balance buoy measurements. The results showed good agreement between the estimated ice draft and the measurements, suggesting the robustness of the estimation method.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sheen Joseph, Malcolm Ingham, Gideon Gouws
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2016)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
M. Ingham, C. J. Rodger, T. Divett, M. Dalzell, T. Petersen
SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
(2017)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
T. Divett, M. Ingham, C. D. Beggan, G. S. Richardson, C. J. Rodger, A. W. P. Thomson, M. Dalzell
SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
(2017)
Article
Oceanography
Kate E. Turner, Inga J. Smith, Jean-Louis Tison, Veronique Verbeke, Mark McGuinness, Malcolm Ingham, Ross Vennell, Joe Trodahl
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2017)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Malcolm Ingham
JOURNAL OF APPLIED GEOPHYSICS
(2018)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
T. Divett, G. S. Richardson, C. D. Beggan, C. J. Rodger, D. H. Boteler, M. Ingham, D. H. Mac Manus, A. W. P. Thomson, M. Dalzell
SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
(2018)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
M. Ingham, C. J. Rodger
SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
(2018)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
T. Divett, D. H. Mac Manus, G. S. Richardson, C. D. Beggan, C. J. Rodger, M. Ingham, E. Clarke, A. W. P. Thomson, M. Dalzell, Y. Obana
SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
(2020)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
D. H. Mac Manus, C. J. Rodger, M. Ingham, M. A. Clilverd, M. Dalzell, T. Divett, G. S. Richardson, T. Petersen
Summary: Geomagnetic disturbances can cause geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) which pose a risk to electrical power networks. In this study, an improved model is used to predict GIC across the entire New Zealand network by developing national scaling factors using GIC observations. The model output is scaled using observed GIC power spectra, improving the correlations between the maximum model and observed GIC by up to 40% depending on the transformer.
SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
M. Ingham, T. Divett, C. J. Rodger, M. Sigley
Summary: Geomagnetic storms can disrupt the cathodic protection systems of gas pipelines, which are used to prevent corrosion. In this study, monitoring data from gas pipeline sites in New Zealand were analyzed to assess the effects of geomagnetic storms on the cathodic protection system. Significant variations in the output voltage of rectifiers and potential between different components of the system were observed during geomagnetic storms, suggesting potential risks to the pipeline system at certain sites. The study also highlights the risks of disbonding and hydrogen induced cracking, which have not been widely recognized in the research community.
SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
M. Ingham, K. Pratscher, W. Heise, E. Bertrand, M. Kruglyakov, C. J. Rodger
Summary: This study uses long-period magnetotelluric measurements to assess the risk posed by geomagnetically induced currents to the electrical transmission network in southern South Island, New Zealand. The results show that geological and tectonic structures have significant impacts on the magnitude and orientation of the induced electric fields and the resulting GIC.
SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
K. Mukhtar, M. Ingham, C. J. Rodger, D. H. Mac Manus, T. Divett, W. Heise, E. Bertrand, M. Dalzell, T. Petersen
SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
(2020)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Eva Sutter, Malcolm Ingham
NEAR SURFACE GEOPHYSICS
(2017)
Article
Geography, Physical
Megan O'Sadnick, Malcolm Ingham, Hajo Eicken, Erin Pettit
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Sheen Joseph, Malcolm Ingham, Gideon Gouws
NEAR SURFACE GEOPHYSICS
(2015)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Mikael Schlumpf, Jordy Hendrikx, John Stormont, Ryan Webb
Summary: The formation of wet-snow slab avalanches is related to the liquid water content and strength of the snow layers. However, current studies disagree on this relationship and there is limited understanding of snow layers with a saturation level of θ=7% and above.
COLD REGIONS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
William R. Jacobson
Summary: This study investigates the kinematics of deformation in debris bands associated with an overdeepened basin in Iceland. The research reveals the presence of multiple fabric types, suggesting a complex deformation history. Furthermore, pure shear-dominated strain was observed in an ice-free sediment ridge on the glacier surface.
COLD REGIONS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Shanpeng Cao, Caichu Xia, Shuwei Zhou, Yao Zhang
Summary: Precise evaluation of frost heaving force and surrounding rock plastic zone is crucial for preventing freezing damage in cold-region tunnels. This paper presents a new elastoplastic solution for tunnel frost heaving force considering double non-uniform frost heave and intermediate principal stress, which can better guide the frost resistance design of tunnels in cold regions.
COLD REGIONS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Sina Niazi, Aimane Najmeddine, Maryam Shakiba
Summary: This study investigates the mechanical response and damage of asphalt concrete under freezing temperatures. A coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical constitutive framework is proposed and validated through simulations and experiments. The effects of microstructural constituents on the mechanical response are also studied through parametric analysis.
COLD REGIONS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Shi-chun Cai, Xiao-hua Yang, Fei Ye
Summary: A calculation method based on the Winkler foundation model is proposed for analyzing the stress and deformation in excavation support structures in seasonally frozen soil regions. The method considers various factors and has been validated to exhibit good applicability.
COLD REGIONS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Guanjun Wei, Chuanjin Lei, Maoning Gao, Hongyu Zhou, Xin Li, Chaoyue Zhang
Summary: This study introduces a novel approach to improve the accuracy of deformation prediction in frozen soil areas by integrating post-processing deformation from InSAR with a frost heave model using the EnKF assimilation algorithm. Experimental results show that this approach reduces the RMSE to 0.247 mm, indicating its high feasibility and practicality.
COLD REGIONS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Cheng Xu, Yugui Yang, Shanshan Hou, Hui Zhang, Chenxiang Li
Summary: This study investigates the properties and characteristics of frozen loess through nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) tests and flexural tests. The results show that as the temperature decreases, the pore ice content in frozen loess rapidly increases, making the phase transition of residual unfrozen water difficult. The flexural strength, toughness, and roughness of the fracture surface of frozen loess vary under different freezing temperatures and water content conditions.
COLD REGIONS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jianguo Lu, Wansheng Pei, Mingyi Zhang, Xusheng Wan, Jiacheng Zhang, Yindong Wang
Summary: This paper investigates the effects of freeze-thaw cycles and salt erosion on the mechanical and microstructural properties of concrete modified with nano-TiO2 and nano-SiO2. The results show that the added nanoparticles and environment media significantly influence the overall performance of concrete samples. The SCF has the greatest influence on degradation, and the compressive strength of NS-modified concrete is lower than that of NT-modified concrete. The optimal nanoparticles ratios for NS and NT modified concretes are 1% and 2%, respectively. Furthermore, NS modification leads to better filling effect on pore structure and larger crystals on the concrete surface compared to NT modification. In the first 90 freeze-thaw cycles, the gel micro-pores increase while the macro-pores decrease, but this trend reverses within the 90-150 cycles. This research provides important insights into the erosion and frost resistance of nano-concretes in marine and cold region engineering.
COLD REGIONS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Florian McLelland, Floris van Breugel
Summary: In this study, a proof-of-concept approach for automatically assessing qualitative aspects of snow type while skiing using strain sensors is explored. The algorithm developed achieves a 97% accuracy in correctly assigning qualitative labels to different segments of a skiing trajectory. This method has the potential for improving quantitative characterization of ski performance, providing snow-specific recommendations, and developing skis with automated stiffness tuning based on snow type.
COLD REGIONS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Purushottam Kumar Garg, Aparna Shukla, Mohd. Farooq Azam
Summary: This study remotely investigates 25 well-distributed glaciers in the western Himalaya and finds that these glaciers were in an overall retreating phase from 1990 to 2015. The study also reveals changes in glacier dynamics before and after 2000, including reduced terminus retreat and deglaciation rates, increased surface velocity, and the presence of more glacial lakes and supraglacial debris. The study highlights the importance of topography and local surface conditions in the heterogeneity of glacier response to climate.
COLD REGIONS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Junru Chen, Shuna Feng, Lang Jia, Jiagui Hou, Miles Dyck, Xiaobin Li, Qingbai Wu, Hailong He
Summary: The heat pulse method is commonly used to measure thermal properties of frozen soil, snow, or glaciers, but the phase change caused by ice melting affects the measurement accuracy. This study observed the thermal response of ice under different heating strategies and compared numerical simulations and analytical solutions. The results showed that optimizing phase change parameters improved accuracy and the numerical method effectively improved the calculation accuracy of ice thermal conductivity.
COLD REGIONS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Kazuma Fukui, Chiemi Iba
Summary: By studying the evolution of pore water pressure in brick walls during cyclic freezing and thawing, we found that the water pressure in a south facing wall increases significantly during the night in cold regions. Incomplete freeze-thaw cycles are more damaging to building materials than a monotonous repetition of complete freezing and thawing.
COLD REGIONS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yasir A. Malik, Norbert Karpen, Elmar Bonaccurso, Ilia Roisman, Jeanette Hussong, Philippe Villedieu
Summary: This study quantitatively analyzes the accretion and shedding phenomena caused by ice crystal icing on heated and non-heated surfaces. Experimental findings show the accretion threshold and shed areas under different parametric conditions. The results not only consolidate previous studies, but also identify new phenomena on unheated surfaces with mixed-phase conditions at negative wet bulb temperatures and positive wet bulb temperatures.
COLD REGIONS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Ezieddin Madi, Kevin Pope, Weimin Huang
Summary: This study experimentally investigates the impact of ice thickness on the energy required for de-icing. It is found that an increase in ice thickness at the heater's edge leads to a significant increase in de-icing duration. The results suggest that employing a correlation between ice thickness at different locations can help reduce the thermal energy needed for ice removal from airfoil or cylindrical surfaces.
COLD REGIONS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
K. Riska, R. Bridges
Summary: Understanding the properties and parameters of ice growth models is crucial for assessing the impact of ice on facilities and ship navigation. This paper investigates the theoretical formulations for ice growth and compares calculated results with measurement data. The study focuses on level sea ice growth models and their application in brash ice consolidation modeling, considering factors such as snow cover, salinity, porosity, and atmospheric boundary including wind effect. The findings contribute to a better understanding of ice growth and consolidation processes, informing modeling techniques for marine design and operations.
COLD REGIONS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2024)